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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 343 records · Page 19
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Analyzing the Inflation Reduction Act and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law for Their Effects on Nuclear Cost Data

Decarbonizing to meet aggressive climate change mitigation targets requires energy transition within all sectors. In the industrial sector, emissions will need to decrease by 65–90% by 2050 to avert global warming greater than 1.5°C (IPCC 2022). The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), and Defense Production Act (DPA) have clean energy requirements and provide financial incentives to accelerate the use of clean energy technologies in the industrial sector. It is important to note that IRA is the most extensive action ever taken by Congress and the U.S. government to combat climate change (US CBO 2021, 2022). The energy system provisions comprise most of the estimated climate and energy support. A better understanding of those provisions in the above mentioned acts and laws is crucial to assessing their impact on the equivalent energy costs to the power plant owners (impact on net revenue in $/MWh) across different energy technologies, market deployment potential offered to different energy technologies applications, and energy system research modeling. The purpose of the report is to shed light on IRA and BIL provisions with particular attention to impacts on the nuclear industry. The report also seeks to understand potential equivalent energy cost savings for nuclear energy technologies from other laws and programs in conjunction with IRA, BIL, loan program guarantees, and DPA. The report reviews recent legislation on energy policy and translates that policy to impacts on equivalent nuclear costs for the purpose of modeling policy in energy scenarios.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2024

An R Shiny graphical user interface for analyzing, visualizing, and interpreting high precision mass spectrometric data

There is currently a lack of software that meets the needs for the analysis of raw data produced by modern isotope ratio mass spectrometers for both R&D and routine use at SRNL and other US national labs • Needs to accommodate multiple isotope systems, instruments, and manufacturers • Include modern statistical methods and handling/visualization of uncertainty • Flexible software with transparent (no “black box”) and reproducible methods • This project is inspired by existing discipline-specific data analysis software (e.g., Tripoli1 , ET_Redux2 , IsoplotR3) used in the geochemical community • Our goal is to build an open source data analysis software package that focuses on flexibility, transparency, and reproducibility

Labone, Elizabeth↗
DOE OSTI2024

Symbolic diagnostics to interpret and analyze neural network models

Embedded machine-learned models (EMLMs) have the promise to improve the predictive accuracy of engineering simulators in environments of national interest. EMLMs often comprise complex input-output maps (e.g., neural networks), which make them unamenable to rigorous analysis and generally difficult to interpret. In the face of decades of theory, this lack of interpretability is a significant barrier to building confidence in these models. This work outlines an approach to interpret EMLMs using sparse polynomial regression for comparison with theoretical understanding. To do so, we build on the concept of Locally Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) using physics-informed clustering, prototype selection, and library construction. While general, we demonstrate our method on tensor-basis neural networks used in Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of hypersonic fluid flows. Results are presented for a simulated toy model and for direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent flows over a flat plate.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Analyzing Potential Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions from Plug-In Electric Vehicles: Report for CRC Project, "Carbon Return on Investment for Electrified Vehicles"

Investment in battery and electrification technologies has the potential to greatly reduce vehicular greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as a battery-electric vehicle (BEV) will have zero tailpipe emissions. However, there will be GHG emissions associated with production of the vehicle including its battery, and with any carbon-emitting electricity sources used to charge the vehicle. This study explores the GHG reduction benefits of different plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) designs in the context of factors such as electricity production mix, per-vehicle battery requirements, and varying battery market growth scenarios. The analyses focus on the U.S. light-duty vehicle (LDV) market, which accounts for nearly 60% of U.S. transportation sector GHG emissions - over twice as much as the next largest contributing transportation sub-sector.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Analyze the real-time performance of the optimized fiber-PTR instrument

An instrument to perform in-reactor, real-time thermal property measurements of nuclear fuels and materials was recently designed, optimized, and tested at Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research Reactor. It was the second insertion experiments of a total of two rounds. Here we report the collection and analysis of the real-time captured thermal diffusivity data on the preloaded SiC. With the optimized design, the instrument temperature had been successfully raised as we expected. Only one probe (the top one) returned real-time thermal diffusivity in a time span of approximately two days. Measured thermal diffusivity of the preloaded SiC was significantly lower than the literature value at the same temperature, indicating a significant influence from the irradiation induced microstructure damage. Meanwhile, the real-time thermal diffusivity value continuously reduced with time, indicating the dynamic microstructure evolution. The possible reasons of the probes that did not return data were hypothesized. The further optimization of the instrument with the objective to improve the measurement accuracy and instrument survivability is also discussed.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Analyzing Tradeoffs Associated with the Manufacture of Refined Fuels by Comparing Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emissions Model Results with Carbon Impacts

A first-of-its kind, publicly-available model for estimating emissions of volatile organic compounds from operations along the supply chain of liquid fuels and refinery products is presented and demonstrated. This standardized model permits comprehensive, reproducible, and comparable evaluation of the supply chain/life cycle VOC emissions of liquid fuels and refinery products.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗