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This study assesses a large multi-institutional database to present the outcomes of World Health Organization grade 2 meningiomas treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). We also compare the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) to that reported in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0539 phase 2 cooperative group meningioma trial.
The ARST0332 trial for pediatric and young adults with nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS) used risk-based treatment including primary resection with lower-than-standard radiation doses to optimize local control (LC) while minimizing long-term toxicity in those requiring radiation therapy (RT). RT for high-grade NRSTS was based on extent of resection (R0: negative margins, R1: microscopic margins, R2/U: gross disease/unresectable); those with >5 cm tumors received chemotherapy (CT; ifosfamide/doxorubicin). This analysis evaluates LC for patients assigned to RT and prognostic factors associated with local recurrence (LR).
No abstract prepared.
The LAP07 multicenter randomized study assessed whether chemoradiation therapy increases overall survival versus continuation chemotherapy in patients whose locally advanced pancreatic cancer was controlled after 4 months of induction chemotherapy. This analysis investigated whether failure to adhere to radiation therapy (RT) guidelines influenced survival and toxicity.
No abstract prepared.
Accurate lymph node (LN) malignancy classification is essential for treatment target identification in head and neck cancer (HNC) radiation therapy. Given the constraints imposed by relatively small sample sizes in real-world medical applications, to classify LN malignancy status accurately, we proposed an attention-guided classification (AGC) scheme that (1) incorporates human knowledge (ie, LN contours) into model training to guide model’s “learning” direction, alleviating the critical requirement of large training samples by deep learning approaches; and (2) does not require accurate delineation of LNs in the inference stage but can highlight the discriminative region nearby the LN, which is important for malignancy determination.
NRG/RTOG 0841 assessed the feasibility of a depression screening procedure in patients receiving radiation therapy (RT). As a secondary endpoint, availability and barriers to psychosocial care data were collected in hopes of providing recommendations for improved psychosocial care among patients receiving RT.
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has demonstrated encouraging local tumor control rates in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, yet we lack prospective clinical trials evaluating dose-escalation strategies among patients treated with 5-fraction SBRT. This phase 1 dose-escalation trial was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose of SBRT in patients with pancreatic cancer.
No abstract prepared.
In the multidisciplinary management of early-stage extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTCL), with curative intent, radiation therapy is the most efficacious modality and is an essential component of a combined-modality regimen. In the past decade, utilization of upfront radiation therapy and non–anthracycline-based chemotherapy has improved treatment and prognosis. This guideline mainly addresses the heterogeneity of clinical features, principles of risk-adapted therapy, and the role and appropriate design of radiation therapy. Radiation therapy methods (including target volume definition, dose and delivery methods) are crucial for optimizing cure for patients with early-stage ENKTCL. The application of the principles of involved site radiation therapy in this lymphoma entity often leads to a more extended clinical target volume (CTV) than in other lymphoma types because it usually presents with primary tumor invasion, multifocal lesions, or extensive submucosal infiltration beyond the macroscopic disease. The CTV varies across different primary sites and is classified mainly into nasal, nonnasal upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), and extra-UADT entities. This review is a consensus of the International Lymphoma Radiation Oncology Group regarding the approach to radiation therapy, target-volume definition, optimal dose, and dose constraints in ENKTCL treatment.
Tumor hypoxia is a major limiting factor for successful radiation therapy outcomes, with hypoxic cells being up to 3-fold more radiation resistant than normoxic cells; tumor hypoxia creates a tumor microenvironment that is hostile to immune response. Thus, pharmaceutical-induced tumor oxygenation before radiation therapy represents an interesting method to enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy. Myo-inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP) triggers a decrease in the affinity of oxygen to hemoglobin, which leads to an increased release of oxygen upon tissue demand, including in hypoxic tumors.
When faced with illness, Sudanese patients have traditionally relied primarily on folklore healers. In the recent past, Sudan increased its health care spending and placed ever-greater importance on medical education. Although traditional remedies still play an important role, Sudanese patients increasingly consult conventional medicine. Not only infectious diseases but also a rising burden of noncommunicable conditions, including cancer, represent major health care challenges. Therefore, Sudan will need to make the best out of the limited resources available and further increase investment in health care to confront these trends successfully. Sudan was one of the first African countries to recognize the importance of radiation oncology in multidisciplinary cancer care and began investing in it in the 1960s. Today, there are 4 comprehensive cancer centers in the country, which offer radiation therapy and employ 10 radiation therapy machines for a population of about 45 million people. This proportion is an indication that Sudan still has an underfunded health care system with a lack of infrastructure and human resources. The present manuscript intends to provide a well-rounded overview of radiation oncology in Sudan today.
To analyze the 5-year biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS) and late toxicity profile in patients with prostate cancer treated with pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton radiation therapy.
No abstract prepared.
No abstract prepared.
Uncertainties in relative biological effectiveness (RBE) constitute a major pitfall of the use of protons in clinics. An RBE value of 1.1, which is based on cell culture and animal models, is currently used in clinical proton planning. The purpose of this study was to determine RBE for temporal lobe radiographic changes using long-term follow-up data from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Emerging evidence has linked glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) recurrence and survival to stem cell niches (SCNs). However, the traditional tumor–ventricle distance is insufficiently powered for an accurate prediction. We aimed to use a novel inverse distance map for improved prediction.
Patients with cancer are presumed to be more vulnerable to COVID-19. We evaluated a screening strategy combining chest computed tomography (CT) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for patients treated with radiation therapy at our cancer center located in a COVID-19 French hotspot during the first wave of the pandemic.