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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 343 records · Page 19
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Accumulator Ring Design Energy and RCS-based Proton Driver

Traditional Fermilab proton upgrade scenarios include a "linac option" and an "RCS option". In the former case all the acceleration takes place in the linac into an accumulator ring, and in the latter case as much acceleration as possible takes place in the RCS. Whereas muon collider proton driver scenarios typically assume all linac acceleration, the possibility of an RCS option should be considered more closely. We walk through the technical risks and possible benefits injecting at a lower energy including space-charge, H- stripping, circumference, and linac design.

Eldred, Jeff [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Towards High-Efficiency Particle Detection Using Superconducting Microwire Arrays

We present a detailed study of an 8-channel $1\times1$~mm$^{2}$ WSi superconducting microwire single photon detector (SMSPD) array exposed to 120~GeV hadron beam and 120~GeV muon beam at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron H6 beamline. Following up on our first detailed characterization of the efficiency and response of an SMSPD fabricated on a 3~nm WSi film, we report measurements of enhanced particle detection efficiency using a sensor fabricated from a thicker 4.7~nm-thick WSi film. We also report the first SMSPD detection efficiency measurement made for muons. Measurements are enabled by a silicon tracking telescope providing 10~$\mu$m in situ spatial resolution. The results show a detection efficiency of 75\% and a time resolution of about 130~ps across pixels. These findings represent a significant advancement toward developing high-efficiency SMSPD charged particle tracking systems with simultaneous precision timing, with potential applications in future accelerator-based experiments such as the FCC-ee and Muon Collider.

Wang, Christina [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2026

Determining Stability Margins in Adiabatic Superconducting Magnets with 3-D Finite Element Analysis

Superconducting magnets play a key role in the development of experiments at Fermilab; understanding the operating stability of these can allow us to utilize more potent magnets for future experiments (like the proposed Muon Collider), optimize the design of magnets in more immediate experiments (like Mu2e), and research the future use of more exotic materials (like high-temperature superconductors). This summer, I developed a 3-D parametric FEA program in ANSYS Mechanical APDL that simulates quench in superconducting magnets, and I also developed a parametric MATLAB program that predicts thermal behavior in magnet quench using the MIITS method. These programs can provide useful quenching parameters (like minimum quench energy and normal zone propagation velocity) for different cases of quench, leading to the previously mentioned objective of magnet design optimization. To test the programs, preliminary cases were run and the data produced was compared and analyzed. The results of these analyses, as well as the program operating methods, are discussed in this project.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

MARS15-Based System for Beam Loss and Collimation Studies

The system includes the newest version of the MARS15 code for particle production and transport in accelerator components integrated with a novel highprecision tracker/stepper for multi-turn tracking merged with MAD-X. The overall approach is described with all the essential features and programming issues highlighted. The application is illustrated for the Fermilab Recycler Ring and Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) facilities as well as for the Higgs Factory muon collider and International $e^+e^−$ Linear Collider (ILC) projects.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Discovering the Higgsino at CTAO-North within the Decade

We demonstrate that higgsino dark matter (DM) could be discovered within the next few years using the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory's soon-to-be-operational northern site (CTAO-North). A 1.1 TeV thermal higgsino is a highly motivated yet untested model of DM. Despite its strong theoretical motivation in supersymmetry and beyond, the higgsino is notoriously difficult to detect; it lies deep within the neutrino fog of direct detection experiments and could pose a challenge even for a future muon collider. We show that, in contrast, higgsino detection could be possible within this decade with CTAO-North in La Palma, Spain. The Galactic Center is the region where the dominant DM annihilation signature emerges, but it only barely rises above the horizon at the CTAO-North site. However, we project that this challenge can be overcome with large-zenith-angle observations at the northern site, enabling the conclusive detection of a higgsino signal by 2030 for a range of DM density profiles in the inner Galaxy.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.C↗
DOE OSTI2025

Rapid-cycling ReBCO dipole magnet concept for muon acceleration

We present a concept of the rapid-cycling 1.7 T ReBCO magnet for 1 to 10 kT/s ramping range as required for muon acceleration in a future muon collider presently under study. This approach is based on the 6 kA CORC-like cable constructed with 12 superconducting ReBCO tapes of 2 mm width. Based on theoretical prediction there is a linear scaling of the ReBCO cable hysteresis loss with the crossing magnetic field possibly generating power loss independent of the magnetic field ramping speed. This feature makes this ReBCO cable suitable for the construction of rapid-cycling magnets. In this work we outline the design of a dipole magnet for 1.7 T gap magnetic field and discuss the helium coolant parameters for the minimal electric power.

Piekarz, Henryk [Fermilab] (ORCID:0000000194225662↗
DOE OSTI2024

MuCol Milestone Report No. 5: Preliminary Parameters

This document is comprised of a collection of updated preliminary parameters for the key parts of the muon collider. The updated preliminary parameters follow on from the October 2023 Tentative Parameters Report. Particular attention has been given to regions of the facility that are believed to hold greater technical uncertainty in their design and that have a strong impact on the cost and power consumption of the facility. The data is collected from a collaborative spreadsheet and transferred to overleaf.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

MuCol Milestone Report No. 7: Consolidated Parameters

This document is comprised of a collection of consolidated parameters for the key parts of the muon collider. These consolidated parameters follow on from the October 2024 Preliminary Parameters Report. Attention has been given to a high-level consistent set of baseline parameters throughout all systems of the complex, following a 10 TeV center-of-mass design. Additional details of the designs contributing to this baseline design are featured in the appendix. Likewise, explorative variations from this baseline set can be found in the appendix. The data is collected from a collaborative spreadsheet and transferred to overleaf.

Taylor, Rebecca [CERN]↗
DOE OSTI2013

A Charge Separation Study to Enable the Design of a Complete Muon Cooling Channel

The most promising designs for 6D muon cooling channels operate on a specific sign of electric charge. In particular, the Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) and Rectilinear RFOFO designs are the leading candidates to become the baseline 6D cooling channel in the Muon Accelerator Program (MAP). Time constraints prevented the design of a realistic charge separator, so a simplified study was performed to emulate the effects of charge separation on muons exiting the front end of a muon collider. The output of the study provides particle distributions that the competing designs will use as input into their cooling channels. We report here on the study of the charge separator that created the simulated particles.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

INVESTIGATION OF BREAKDOWN INDUCED SURFACE DAMAGE ON 805 MHZ PILLBOX CAVITY INTERIOR SURFACES

The MuCool Test Area (MTA) at Fermilab is a facility to develop the technology required for ionization cooling for a future Muon Collider and/or Neutrino Factory. As part of this research program, we have tested two 805 MHz vacuum RF cavities in a multi-Tesla magnetic field to study the effects of the static magnetic field on the cavity operation. This study gives useful information on field emitters in the cavity, dark current, surface conditioning, breakdown mechanisms and material properties of the cavity. All these factors determine the maximum accelerating gradient in the cavity. This paper discusses the image processing technique for quantitative estimation of spark damage spot distribution on cavity interior surfaces. The distribution is compared with the electric field distribution predicted by a computer code calculation. The local spark density is proportional to probability of surface breakdown and shows a power law dependence on the maximum electric field (E). This E dependence is consistent with the dark current calculated from the Fowler-Nordheim equation.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Coherent Effects of High Current Beam in Project-X Linac

Resonance excitation of longitudinal high order modes in superconducting RF structures of Project-X continuous wave linac is studied. We analyze regimes of operation of the linac with high beam current, which can be used to provide an intense muon source for the future Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider, and also important for the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical systems. We calculate power loss and associated heat load to the cryogenic system. Longitudinal emittance growth is estimated. We consider an alternative design of the elliptical cavity for the high energy part of the linac, which is more suitable for high current operation.

HEP↗
DOE OSTI2013

Coherent Effects of High Current Beam in Project-X Linac

Resonance excitation of longitudinal high order modes in superconducting RF structures of Project-X continuous wave linac is studied. We analyze regimes of operation of the linac with high beam current, which can be used to provide an intense muon source for the future Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider, and also important for the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical systems. We calculate power loss and associated heat load to the cryogenic system. Longitudinal emittance growth is estimated. We consider an alternative design of the elliptical cavity for the high energy part of the linac, which is more suitable for high current operation.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Complete Muon Cooling Channel Design and Simulations

While considerable progress has been made in developing promising subsystems for muon beam cooling channels to provide the extraordinary reduction of emittances, there is no end-to-end design that is capable of matching between or within the various subsystems. We present concepts to match emittances between and within muon beam cooling subsystems via the Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), which allows a general analytic approach to guide designs of transitions from one set of cooling channel parameters to another. These principles are demonstrated between segments in an existing cooling channel design, resulting in better performance (elimination of particle losses and colder muons) achieved in a channel approximately half its original length! These techniques will allow for a design of a complete cooling channel in a Muon Collider (MC) applicable to a Higgs Factory and an Energy Frontier machine.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2014

New Approaches to Final Cooling

A high-energy muon collider scenario require a “final cooling” system that reduces transverse emittances by a factor of ~10 while allowing longitudinal emittance increase. The baseline approach has low-energy transverse cooling within high-field solenoids, with strong longitudinal heating. This approach and its recent simulation are discussed. Alternative approaches which more explicitly include emittance exchange are also presented. Round-to-flat beam transform, transverse slicing, and longitudinal bunch coalescence are possible components of the alternative approach. A more explicit understanding of solenoidal cooling beam dynamics is introduced.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Enabling Intensity and Energy Frontier Science with a Muon Accelerator Facility in the U.S.: A White Paper Submitted to the 2013 U.S. Community Summer Study of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society

A staged approach towards muon based facilities for Intensity and Energy Frontier science, building upon existing and proposed facilities at Fermilab, is presented. At each stage, a facility exploring new physics also provides an R&D platform to validate the technology needed for subsequent stages. The envisioned program begins with nuSTORM, a sensitive sterile neutrino search which also provides precision neutrino cross-section measurements while developing the technology of using and cooling muons. A staged Neutrino Factory based upon Project X, sending beams towards the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF), which will house the LBNE detector, could follow for detailed exploration of neutrino properties at the Intensity Frontier, while also establishing the technology of using intense bunched muon beams. The complex could then evolve towards Muon Colliders, starting at 126 GeV with measurements of the Higgs resonance to sub-MeV precision, and continuing to multi-TeV colliders for the exploration of physics beyond the Standard Model at the Energy Frontier. An Appendix addresses specific questions raised by the Lepton Colliders subgroup of the CSS2013 Frontier Capabilities Study Group.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Suppressing Transverse Beam Halo with Nonlinear Magnetic Fields

High intensity proton storage rings are central for the development of advanced neutron sources, drivers for the production of pions in neutrino factories or muon colliders, and transmutation of radioactive waste. Fractional proton loss from the beam must be very small to prevent radioac- tivation of nearby structures, but many sources of beam loss are driven by collective effects that increase with intensity. Recent theoretical work on the use of nonlinear magnetic fields to design storage rings with integrable transverse dynamics is extended here to include collective effects, with numerical results showing validity in the presence of very high beam current. Among these effects is the formation of beam halo, where particles are driven to large amplitude oscillations by coherent space charge forces. The strong variation of particle oscillation frequency with amplitude results in nonlinear decoherence that is observed to suppress transverse halo development in the case studied. We also present a necessary generalization of the Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij equilibrium distribution, which was introduced over 50 years ago for modeling linear dynamics in particle accelerators.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

European Strategy for Particle Physics -- Accelerator R&D Roadmap

The 2020 update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics emphasised the importance of an intensified and well-coordinated programme of accelerator R&D, supporting the design and delivery of future particle accelerators in a timely, affordable and sustainable way. This report sets out a roadmap for European accelerator R&D for the next five to ten years, covering five topical areas identified in the Strategy update. The R&D objectives include: improvement of the performance and cost-performance of magnet and radio-frequency acceleration systems; investigations of the potential of laser / plasma acceleration and energy-recovery linac techniques; and development of new concepts for muon beams and muon colliders. The goal of the roadmap is to document the collective view of the field on the next steps for the R&D programme, and to provide the evidence base to support subsequent decisions on prioritisation, resourcing and implementation.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

The Physics Case for a Neutrino Factory

Neutrino factories, neutrino beams produced in the decay of a muon or antimuon beam inside a storage ring, yield cleaner, richer, and more flexible neutrino beams relative to super-beams. We explore the physics case for this type of beam both for standard oscillation as well as new physics searches and present some machine options. We argue that there is a rich program beyond what the current neutrino program can cover and a string synergy with the muon collider program.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗