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339 records · Page 19

ARPES studies of the electronic structure of LaOFe(P,As)

We report a comparison study of LaOFeP and LaOFeAs, two parent compounds of recently discovered iron-pnictide superconductors, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Both systems exhibit some common features that are very different from well-studied cuprates. In addition, important differences have also been observed between these two ferrooxypnictides. For LaOFeP, quantitative agreement can be found between our photoemission data and the LDA band structure calculations, suggesting that a weak coupling approach based on an itinerant ground state may be more appropriate for understanding this new superconducting compound. In contrast, the agreement between LDA calculations and experiments in LaOFeAs is relatively poor, as highlighted by the unexpected Fermi surface topology around ({pi},{pi}). Further investigations are required for a comprehensive understanding of the electronic structure of LaOFeAs and related compounds.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Hierarchy of Electronic Properties of Chemically Derived and Pristine Graphene Probed by Microwave Imaging

Local electrical imaging using microwave impedance microscope is performed on graphene in different modalities, yielding a rich hierarchy of the local conductivity. The low-conductivity graphite oxide and its derivatives show significant electronic inhomogeneity. For the conductive chemical graphene, the residual defects lead to a systematic reduction of the microwave signals. In contrast, the signals on pristine graphene agree well with a lumped-element circuit model. The local impedance information can also be used to verify the electrical contact between overlapped graphene pieces.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

Unconventional Electronic Reconstruction in Undoped (Ba,Sr)Fe2As2 Across the Spin Density Wave Transition

Through a systematic high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission study of the iron pnictide compounds (Ba,Sr)Fe{sub 2}As{sub 2}, we show that the electronic structures of these compounds are significantly reconstructed across the spin density wave transition, which cannot be described by a simple folding scenario of conventional density wave ordering. Moreover, we find that LDA calculations with an incorporated suppressed magnetic moment of 0.5{mu}{sub B} can match well the details in the reconstructed electronic structure, suggesting that the nature of magnetism in the pnictides is more itinerant than local, while the origin of suppressed magnetic moment remains an important issue for future investigations.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

High Resolution Angle Resolved Photoemission Studies on Quasi-Particle Dynamics in Graphite

We obtained the spectral function of the graphite H point using high resolution angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). The extracted width of the spectral function (inverse of the photo-hole lifetime) near the H point is approximately proportional to the energy as expected from the linearly increasing density of states (DOS) near the Fermi energy. This is well accounted by our electron-phonon coupling theory considering the peculiar electronic DOS near the Fermi level. And we also investigated the temperature dependence of the peak widths both experimentally and theoretically. The upper bound for the electron-phonon coupling parameter is 0.23, nearly the same value as previously reported at the K point. Our analysis of temperature dependent ARPES data at K shows that the energy of phonon mode of graphite has much higher energy scale than 125K which is dominant in electron-phonon coupling.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

Polar Kerr Effect as Probe for Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking in Unconventional Superconductors

The search for broken time reversal symmetry (TRSB) in unconventional superconductors intensified in the past year as more systems have been predicted to possess such a state. Following our pioneering study of TRSB states in Sr{sub 2}RuO{sub 4} using magneto-optic probes, we embarked on a systematic study of several other of these candidate systems. The primary instrument for our studies is the Sagnac magneto-optic interferometer, which we recently developed. This instrument can measure magneto-optic Faraday or Kerr effects with an unprecedented sensitivity of 10 nanoradians at temperatures as low as 100 mK. In this paper we review our recent studies of TRSB in several systems, emphasizing the study of the pseudogap state of high temperature superconductors and the inverse proximity effect in superconductor/ferromagnet proximity structures.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

Topological Insulators and Nematic Phases from Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in

We investigate the stability of a quadratic band-crossing point (QBCP) in 2D fermionic systems. At the non-interacting level, we show that a QBCP exists and is topologically stable for a Berry flux {-+}2{pi}, if the point symmetry group has either fourfold or sixfold rotational symmetries. This putative topologically stable free-fermion QBCP is marginally unstable to arbitrarily weak shortrange repulsive interactions. We consider both spinless and spin-1/2 fermions. Four possible ordered states result: a quantum anomalous Hall phase, a quantum spin Hall phase, a nematic phase, and a nematic-spin-nematic phase.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

A Twisted Ladder: Relating the Fe Superconductors to the High Tc Cuprates

We construct a 2-leg ladder model of an Fe-pnictide superconductor and discuss its properties and relationship with the familiar 2-leg cuprate model. Our results suggest that the underlying pairing mechanism for the Fe-pnictide superconductors is similar to that for the cuprates.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

Quantum Oscillations in the Parent pnictide BaFe2As2 : Itinerant Electrons in the Reconstructed State

We report quantum oscillation measurements that enable the direct observation of the Fermi surface of the low temperature ground state of BaFe{sub 2}As{sub 2}. From these measurements we characterize the low energy excitations, revealing that the Fermi surface is reconstructed in the antiferromagnetic state, but leaving itinerant electrons in its wake. The present measurements are consistent with a conventional band folding picture of the antiferromagnetic ground state, placing important limits on the topology and size of the Fermi surface.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Fermi surface of SrFe2P2 determined by de Haas-van Alphen effect

We report measurements of the Fermi surface (FS) of the ternary iron-phosphide SrFe{sub 2}P{sub 2} using the de Haas-van Alphen effect. The calculated FS of this compound is very similar to SrFe{sub 2}As{sub 2}, the parent compound of the high temperature superconductors. Our data show that the Fermi surface is composed of two electron and two hole sheets in agreement with bandstructure calculations. Several of the sheets show strong c-axis warping emphasizing the importance of three-dimensionality in the non-magnetic state of the ternary pnictides. We find that the electron and hole pockets have a different topology, implying that this material does not satisfy a ({pi},{pi}) nesting condition.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Topological change of the Fermi surface in ternary iron-pnictides with reduced c/a ratio: A dHvA study of CaFe2P2

We report a de Haas-van Alphen effect study of the Fermi surface of CaFe{sub 2}P{sub 2} using low temperature torque magnetometry up to 45 T. This system is a close structural analogue of the collapsed tetragonal non-magnetic phase of CaFe{sub 2}As{sub 2}. We find the Fermi surface of CaFe{sub 2}P{sub 2} to differ from other related ternary phosphides in that its topology is highly dispersive in the c-axis, being three-dimensional in character and with identical mass enhancement on both electron and hole pockets ({approx} 1.5). The dramatic change in topology of the Fermi surface suggests that in a state with reduced (c/a) ratio, when bonding between pnictogen layers becomes important, the Fermi surface sheets are unlikely to be nested.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Quantum Oscillation Studies of the Fermi Surface of LaFePO

We review recent experimental measurements of the Fermi surface of the iron-pnictide superconductor LaFePO using quantum oscillation techniques. These studies show that the Fermi surface topology is close to that predicted by first principles density functional theory calculations, consisting of quasi-twodimensional electron-like and hole-like sheets. The total volume of the two hole sheets is almost equal to that of the two electron sheets, and the hole and electron Fermi surface sheets are close to a nesting condition. No evidence for the predicted three dimensional pocket arising from the Fe d{sub z}{sup 2} band is found. Measurements of the effective mass suggest a renormalisation of around two, close to the value for the overall band renormalisation found in recent angle resolved photoemission measurements.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Theory of Fano Resonances in Graphene: The Kondo effect probed by STM

We consider the theory of Kondo effect and Fano factor energy dependence for magnetic impurity (Co) on graphene. We have performed a first principles calculation and find that the two dimensional E{sub 1} representation made of d{sub xz}, d{sub yz} orbitals is likely to be responsible for the hybridization and ultimately Kondo screening for cobalt on graphene. There are few high symmetry sites where magnetic impurity atom can be adsorbed. For the case of Co atom in the middle of hexagon of carbon lattice we find anomalously large Fano q-factor, q {approx} 80 and strongly suppressed coupling to conduction band. This anomaly is a striking example of quantum mechanical interference related to the Berry phase inherent to graphene band structure.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

Limits on superconductivity-related magnetization in Sr 2RuO 4 and PrOs 4Sb 12 from scanning SQUID microscopy

We present scanning SQUID microscopy data on the superconductors Sr{sub 2}RuO{sub 4} (T{sub c} = 1.5 K) and PrOs{sub 4}Sb{sub 12} (T{sub c} = 1.8 K). In both of these materials, superconductivity-related time-reversal symmetry-breaking fields have been observed by muon spin rotation; our aim was to visualize the structure of these fields. However in neither Sr{sub 2}RuO{sub 4} nor PrOs{sub 4}Sb{sub 12} do we observe spontaneous superconductivity-related magnetization. In Sr{sub 2}RuO{sub 4}, many experimental results have been interpreted on the basis of a p{sub x} {+-} ip{sub y} superconducting order parameter. This order parameter is expected to give spontaneous magnetic induction at sample edges and order parameter domain walls. Supposing large domains, our data restrict domain wall and edge fields to no more than {approx}0.1% and {approx}0.2% of the expected magnitude, respectively. Alternatively, if the magnetization is of the expected order, the typical domain size is limited to {approx}30 nm for random domains, or {approx} 500 nm for periodic domains.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

Temporal Response of Nonequilibrium Correlated Electrons

In this work we examine the time-resolved, instantaneous current response for the spinless Falicov-Kimball model at half-filling, on both sides of the Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition, driven by a strong electric field pump pulse. The results are obtained using an exact, nonequilibrium, many-body impurity solution specifically designed to treat the out-of-equilibrium evolution of electrons in time-dependent fields. We provide a brief introduction to the method and its computational details. We find that the current develops Bloch oscillations, similar to the case of DC driving fields, with an additional amplitude modulation, characterized by beats and induced by correlation effects. Correlations primarily manifest themselves through an overall reduction in magnitude and shift in the onset time of the current response with increasing interaction strength.

COMP, MATSCI, OTHER↗