INTERACTION ENERGY IN GEOMETROSTATICS
Interaction energy in geometrostatics - geometrodynamic description of particles by topological features of empty space-time
GEOMETRODYNAMICS↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Chamber technology for space storable propellants Final report, Jun. 1964 - Sep. 1969
Chamber technology for space storable propellant combinations featuring oxygen difluoride
Source record↗
Development of an engineering model traveling wave tube amplifier for space communication systems
A design has been made of a 100 watt traveling-wave tube amplifier for use in space communication applications. The features of very high overall efficiency and heat rejection of waste heat at low thermal densities were predominant in the design concept. The design concept was proven by building a series of tubes, operating at efficiencies up to 50%. These tubes utilized heat pipe cooling and heat distribution such that 150 watts of waste heat was rejected at a density of less than 1.5 watts per square inch. A power supply to convert a 28 volt primary line of the needs of the TWT was built and operated at 85% efficiency.
Eallonardo, C. M.↗
The International Ultraviolet Explorer
The International Ultraviolet Explorer is a new astronomical satellite still in the design stage. It is a Delta launched satellite, weighing approximately 365 kilograms, with an intended lifetime of three to five years, and it will serve as a precursor to the large space telescope. The essential features of the satellite are its geosynchronous orbit, a 45-centimeter aperture telescope, and a high performance UV spectrograph using television tubes as detectors.
Boggess, A.↗
Advanced space engine preliminary design
Analysis and design of an optimum LO2/LH2, combustion topping cycle, 88,964 Newtons (20,000-pound) thrust, liquid rocket engine was conducted. The design selected is well suited to high-energy, upper-stage engine applications such as the Space Tug and embodies features directed toward optimization of vehicle performance. A configuration selection was conducted based on prior Air Force Contracts, and additional criteria for optimum stage performance. Following configuration selection, analyses and design of the major components and engine systems were conducted to sufficient depth to provide layout drawings suitable for subsequent detailing. In addition, engine packaging to a common interface and a retractable nozzle concept were defined. Alternative development plans and related costs were also established. The design embodies high-performance, low-weight, low NPSH requirements (saturated propellant inlet conditions at start), idle-mode operation, and autogenous pressurization. The design is the result of the significant past and current LO2/LH2 technology efforts of the NASA centers and the Air Force, as well as company-funded programs.
Zachary, A. T.↗
The potable water system in Skylab
Description of the medical requirements, development, system operation, and in-flight performance of the Skylab potable water system. Emphasized is the description of the unique features involving new space-flight concepts, procedures, and design incorporated in Skylab. The water supplied to the three Skylab missions was preloaded in stainless-steel tanks. These tanks were fitted with positive expulsion stainless-steel bellows. In-flight iodination of the water, for bacterial control, was accomplished as required. An in-flight bactericide monitor was used periodically to determine the level of bactericide in the water. Prior to the delivery of the water to the crewmen for consumption, the water was passed through a cation exchange resin for metallic ion removal and then heated for food reconstitution or chilled for drinking.
R. L. Sauer↗
Methods of editing cloud and atmospheric layer affected pixels from satellite data
Practical methods of computer screening cloud-contaminated pixels from data of various satellite systems are proposed. Examples are given of the location of clouds and representative landscape features in HCMM spectral space of reflectance (VIS) vs emission (IR). Methods of screening out cloud affected HCMM are discussed. The character of subvisible absorbing-emitting atmospheric layers (subvisible cirrus or SCi) in HCMM data is considered and radiosonde soundings are examined in relation to the presence of SCi. The statistical characteristics of multispectral meteorological satellite data in clear and SCi affected areas are discussed. Examples in TIROS-N and NOAA-7 data from several states and Mexico are presented. The VIS-IR cluster screening method for removing clouds is applied to a 262, 144 pixel HCMM scene from south Texas and northeast Mexico. The SCi that remain after cluster screening are sited out by applying a statistically determined IR limit.
Nixon, P. R.↗
Single event upset vulnerability of selected 4K and 16K CMOS static RAM's
Upset thresholds for bulk CMOS and CMOS/SOS RAMS were deduced after bombardment of the devices with 140 MeV Kr, 160 MeV Ar, and 33 MeV O beams in a cyclotron. The trials were performed to test prototype devices intended for space applications, to relate feature size to the critical upset charge, and to check the validity of computer simulation models. The tests were run on 4 and 1 K memory cells with 6 transistors, in either hardened or unhardened configurations. The upset cross sections were calculated to determine the critical charge for upset from the soft errors observed in the irradiated cells. Computer simulations of the critical charge were found to deviate from the experimentally observed variation of the critical charge as the square of the feature size. Modeled values of series resistors decoupling the inverter pairs of memory cells showed that above some minimum resistance value a small increase in resistance produces a large increase in the critical charge, which the experimental data showed to be of questionable validity unless the value is made dependent on the maximum allowed read-write time.
Kolasinski, W. A.↗
Pioneer 11 observations of trapped particle absorption by the Jovian ring and the satellites 1979, J1, J2, and J3
Pioneer 11 low energy telescope observation of charged particles around the Jovian satellites Amalthea, 1979 J1, J2, and J3, and the Jupiter ring are examined in the light of Voyager optical data from the same region. Good agreement was found in the absorption features of 0.5-8.7 MeV protons, electrons with energies of 3.4 MeV or more, and medium-Z nuclei. The heavier nuclei are suggested to be oxygen and sulfur particles with energies exceeding 70 MeV/nucleon. The observed intensity features in the regularly spaced radiation bands are interpreted as ring and satellite absorption.
Pyle, K. R.↗
Reduction and analysis of data from the plasma wave instruments on the IMP-6 and IMP-8 spacecraft
The primary data reduction effort during the reporting period was to process summary plots of the IMP 8 plasma wave data and to submit these data to the National Space Science Data Center. Features of the electrostatic noise are compared with simultaneous observations of the magnetic field, plasma and energetic electrons. Spectral characteristics of the noise and the results of this comparison both suggest that in its high frequency part at least the noise does not belong to normal modes of plasma waves but represents either quasi-thermal noise in the non-Maxwellian plasma or artificial noise generated by spacecraft interaction with the medium.
Gurnett, D. A.↗
A study of some features of ac and dc electric power systems for a space station
This study analyzes certain selected topics in rival dc and high frequency ac electric power systems for a Space Station. The interaction between the Space Station and the plasma environment is analyzed, leading to a limit on the voltage for the solar array and a potential problem with resonance coupling at high frequencies. Certain problems are pointed out in the concept of a rotary transformer, and further development work is indicated in connection with dc circuit switching, special design of a transmission conductor for the ac system, and electric motors. The question of electric shock hazards, particularly at high frequency, is also explored. and a problem with reduced skin resistance and therefore increased hazard with high frequency ac is pointed out. The study concludes with a comparison of the main advantages and disadvantages of the two rival systems, and it is suggested that the choice between the two should be made after further studies and development work are completed.
Hanania, J. I.↗
The space station: Human factors and productivity
Human factor researchers and engineers are making inputs into the early stages of the design of the Space Station to improve both the quality of life and work on-orbit. Effective integration of the human factors information related to various Intravehicular Activity (IVA), Extravehicular Activity (EVA), and teletobotics systems during the Space Station design will result in increased productivity, increased flexibility of the Space Stations systems, lower cost of operations, improved reliability, and increased safety for the crew onboard the Space Station. The major features of productivity examined include the cognitive and physical effort involved in work, the accuracy of worker output and ability to maintain performance at a high level of accuracy, the speed and temporal efficiency with which a worker performs, crewmember satisfaction with their work environment, and the relation between performance and cost.
Gillan, D. J.↗
Configuration evaluation and criteria plan. Volume 1: System trades study and design methodology plan (preliminary). Space Transportation Main Engine (STME) configuration study
The System Trades Study and Design Methodology Plan is used to conduct trade studies to define the combination of Space Shuttle Main Engine features that will optimize candidate engine configurations. This is accomplished by using vehicle sensitivities and engine parametric data to establish engine chamber pressure and area ratio design points for candidate engine configurations. Engineering analyses are to be conducted to refine and optimize the candidate configurations at their design points. The optimized engine data and characteristics are then evaluated and compared against other candidates being considered. The Evaluation Criteria Plan is then used to compare and rank the optimized engine configurations on the basis of cost.
Bair, E. K.↗
A preliminary look at the dust in Comet Halley
Highlights of infrared observations of the dust are discussed and compared with first results from the space probes. An emission feature was detected at 3.4 microns; the 10 and 20 micron silicate features were well-observed; and far-infrared data out to 160 micron were obtained. Organic material seems to be abundant in grains and may explain the 3.4 micron emission. Calculations are presented for one example of organic material. A component of the grains may volatize at temperatures around 300 K.
Hanner, M. S.↗
Space erectable radiator system development
The NASA Space Station's Space Erectable Radiator System features modular radiator panels with high-capacity tapered artery heat pipes bonded within their aluminum honeycomb structures. Simple, dry aluminum-to-aluminum thermal contact surfaces are used for the connections, thereby requiring no fluid joints; a uniformly distributed clamping force at the radiator panel-to-thermal transport loop interface heat exchange surface yields high thermal contact conductance as well as minimum area and weight for the requisite performance. The design has been optimized for weight and cost.
Oren, J. A.↗
Adjusting Surfaces Of Large Antenna Reflectors
New approach more effective than traditional rms-surface-distortion approach. Optimization procedure for control of shape of reflector of large space antenna (LSA). Main feature is shape-controlling mathematical mechanism driven by need to satisfy explicit EM design requirements. Uses standard finite-element structural analysis, aperture-integration EM analysis, and constrained optimization techniques to predict set of actuator inputs that improves performance of antenna while minimizing applied control effort. Procedure applicable to wide variety of LSA concepts.
Padula, Sharon L.↗
Supersonic Navier-Stokes simulations of turbulent afterbody flows
Four numerical algorithms and three turbulence models are used to solve the thin layer three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations for the supersonic flow past a nonaxisymmetric nozzle. The four numerical algorithms evaluated are based on upwind differencing and feature time-dependent, space relaxation, and parabolized schemes. The three different algebraic turbulence models are the Baldwin-Lomax (1978), the nonequilibrium model of Johnson and King (1985), and the Goldberg (1989) modification for the separated flow region. The present investigation was conducted at freestream Mach numbers of 1.2 and 1.3 and at an angle of attack of 0.0 deg. The Reynolds numbers for the investigation ranged from 20.5 million to 21.5 million, based on the model length. The calculations are compared with experimental data.
Abdol-Hamid, Khaled S.↗
AMSAHTS 1990: Advances in Materials Science and Applications of High Temperature Superconductors
This publication is comprised of abstracts for oral and poster presentations scheduled for AMSAHTS '90. The conference will focus on understanding high-temperature superconductivity with special emphases on materials issues and applications. AMSAHTS '90, will highlight the state of the art in fundamental understanding of the nature of high-Tc superconductivity (HTSC) as well as the chemistry, structure, properties, processing and stability of HTSC oxides. As a special feature of the conference, space applications of HTSC will be discussed by NASA and Navy specialists.
Flom, Yury↗