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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1976

Future exploration of Venus (post-Pioneer Venus 1978)

A comprehensive study was performed to determine the major scientific unknowns about the planet Venus to be expected in the post-Pioneer Venus 1978 time frame. Based on those results the desirability of future orbiters, atmospheric entry probes, balloons, and landers as vehicles to address the remaining scientific questions were studied. The recommended mission scenario includes a high resolution surface mapping radar orbiter mission for the 1981 launch opportunity, a multiple-lander mission for 1985 and either an atmospheric entry probe or balloon mission in 1988. All the proposed missions can be performed using proposed space shuttle upper stage boosters. Significant amounts of long-lead time supporting research and technology developments are required to be initiated in the near future to permit the recommended launch dates.

Colin, L.↗
NASA NTRS1975

TC-2 post Helios experiment data review

Data are presented from a systems postflight analysis of the Centaur Launch Vehicle and Helios. Also given is a comparison of data from preflight analyses. Topics examined are: (1) propellant behavior; (2) helium usage; (3) propellant tank pressurization; (4) propellant tank thermodynamics; (5) component heating; thermal control; and thermal protection system; (6) main engine system; (7) H2O2 consumption; (8) boost pump post-meco performance; and (9) an overview of other systems.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1975

Lead and strontium isotopes in post-glacial basalts from Iceland

We report here our Pb and Sr isotopic study of some post-glacial basalts (less than 12,000 yr old) from the southern part of Iceland, and use our new data to evaluate various proposed models for the genesis of volcanic rocks on Iceland. The interpretation for Icelandic rocks is also extended to the genesis of volcanic rocks on other oceanic islands of the world.

Sun, S.-S.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Simultaneous observations of field-aligned currents and particle fluxes in the post-midnight sector

The paper presents several examples of simultaneous measurements of electrons and positive ions (5 eV to 15 eV) and of magnetic field perturbations due to field-aligned currents made on the polar-orbiting ISIS-2 satellite at 1400 km altitude in the early morning local time (MLT) sector. There is a good general correspondence between changes in the gradient of the E-W component of the magnetic field along the spacecraft orbit and changes in the character of the low-energy electron fluxes. The equatorward region of outward current flow in this post-midnight sector is spatially coincident with the isotropic precipitation associated with the low-altitude plasma sheet. In cases examined, electron current density always exceeds positive ion current density by a factor of 10 and usually by a factor of over 100.

Klumpar, D. M.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Post sunset behavior of the 6300 A atomic oxygen airglow emission

A theoretical model of the 6300 A OI airglow emission was developed based on the assumptions that both the charged and neutral portions of the Earth's upper atmosphere are in steady state conditions of diffusive equilibrium. Intensities of 6300 A OI emission line were calculated using electron density true height profiles from a standard C-4 ionosonde and exospheric temperatures derived from Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements of the Doppler broadened 6300 A emission line shape as inputs to the model. Reaction rate coefficient values, production mechanism efficiencies, solar radiation fluxes, absorption cross sections, and models of the neutral atmosphere were varied parametrically to establish a set of acceptable inputs which will consistently predict 6300 A emission intensities that closely agree with intensities observed during the post-sunset twilight period by an airglow observatory consisting of a Fabry-Perot interferometer and a turret photometer. Emission intensities that can only result from the dissociative recombination of molecular oxygen ions were observed during the latter portion of the observational period. Theoretical calculations indicate that contamination of the 6300 A OI emission should be on the order of or less than 3 percent; however, these results are very sensitive to the wavelengths of the individual lines and their intensities relative to the 6300 A OI intensity. This combination of a model atmosphere, production mechanism efficiencies, and quenching coefficient values was used when the dissociative photoexcitation and direct impact excitation processes were contributing to the intensity to establish best estimates of solar radiation fluxes in the Schumann--Runge continuum and associated absorption cross sections. Results show that the Jacchia 1971 model of the upper atmosphere combined with the Ackerman recommended solar radiation fluxes and associated absorption cross sections produces theoretically calculated intensities that more closely agree with the observed intensities than all the other combinations.

Smith, R. E.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Thermal instability in post-flare plasmas

The cooling of post-flare plasmas is discussed and the formation of loop prominences is explained as due to a thermal instability. A one-dimensional model was developed for active loop prominences. Only the motion and heat fluxes parallel to the existing magnetic fields are considered. The relevant size scales and time scales are such that single-fluid MHD equations are valid. The effects of gravity, the geometry of the field and conduction losses to the chromosphere are included. A computer code was constructed to solve the model equations. Basically, the system is treated as an initial value problem (with certain boundary conditions at the chromosphere-corona transition region), and a two-step time differencing scheme is used.

Antiochos, S. K.↗
NASA NTRS1976

A postprocessor system for the data reduction and post analysis of NASTRAN results

NASTRAN analysis results are scanned to determine maximum and minimum displacements, forces and stresses. Allowables and margins of safety are computed, and in the case of multiple loading conditions, envelopes for displacements, forces, stresses and margins of safety are also produced for specified element sets. Graphical plots of the reduced or the regular NASTRAN results may be obtained superimposed either of a developed fuselage strip or on a projection of any specified part of the finite element model. The use of the data reduction, post analysis and graphical plotting capabilities provide the analyst with a fast and convenient tool for the study of NASTRAN analysis results and their presentation for project documentation.

Raibstein, A. I.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Simulation of a synergistic six-post motion system on the flight simulator for advanced aircraft at NASA-Ames

Motion system drive philosophy and corresponding real-time software have been developed for the purpose of simulating the characteristics of a typical synergistic Six-Post Motion System (SPMS) on the Flight Simulator for Advanced Aircraft (FSAA) at NASA-Ames which is a non-synergistic motion system. This paper gives a brief description of these two types of motion systems and the general methods of producing motion cues of the FSAA. An actuator extension transformation which allows the simulation of a typical SPMS by appropriate drive washout and variable position limiting is described.

Bose, S. C.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Anisotropic parametrized post-Newtonian gravitational metric field

The anisotropic generalization of the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) gravitational metric field is made for the case of theories with energy and momentum conservation laws. Such an anisotropic metric field will generally result in two-tensor or bimetric theories of gravity in an anisotropic universe. New anisotropic 3 x 3 spatial PPN matrices are introduced into the general metric expansion. Earth gravimeter measurements strongly restrict some anisotropies, while anisotropic inertial and gravitational mass for celestial bodies result from other combinations of the PPN matrices.

Nordtvedt, K., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Post-Newtonian gravitational radiation from orbiting point masses

General formulas are derived which describe the gravitational radiation at large distances from a system of bodies whose sizes are small compared with their separations. The calculation is carried out through post-Newtonian order within general relativity. More explicit formulas are derived for two-body systems, and detailed results are presented for circular orbits, gravitational bremsstrahlung, and head-on collisions.

Wagoner, R. V.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Measurement of post-separated flowfields on airfoils

A small combination pitch-yaw probe designed to facilitate measurement of post-separated flow fields on airfoils is described, along with its calibration. A five-tube probe is found 'ideally suited' to separated-flow measurements because of the pitch and yaw angle information provided in addition to static and total pressures. Wall proximity effects (in a low-speed tunnel) are described. Procedures for measurements in flows with small inclinations in pitch and yaw, for large flow angles, and for scanning flows with large inclinations are indicated.

Seetharam, H. C.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Regional variations in upper mantle compressional velocities beneath southern California 1. Post-shock temperatures: Their experimental determination, calculation, and implications, 2.

The compressional velocity within the upper mantle beneath Southern California is investigated through observations of the dependence of teleseismic P-delays at all stations of the array on the distance and azimuth to the event. The variation of residuals with azimuth was found to be as large as 1.3 sec at a single station; the delays were stable as a function of time, and no evidence was found for temporal velocity variations related to seismic activity in the area. These delays were used in the construction of models for the upper mantle P-velocity structure to depths of 150 km, both by ray tracing and inversion techniques. The models exhibit considerable lateral heterogeneity including a region of low velocity beneath the Imperial Valley, and regions of increased velocity beneath the Sierra Nevada and much of the Transverse Ranges. The development is described of a technique for the experimental determination of post-shock temperatures, and its application to several metals and silicates shocked to pressures in the range 5 to 30 GPa. The technique utilizes an infra-red radiation detector to determine the brightness temperature of the free surface of the sample after the shock wave has passed through it.

Raikes, S. A.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Post-shock temperatures in minerals

Post-shock temperatures were measured in a wide variety of materials, including those of geophysical interest such as silicates by using an infrared detector to determine the brightness temperature of samples shocked to pressures in the range 5 to approximately 30 GPa. Measurements were made in the 4.5 to 5.75 micron and in the 7 to 14 micron wavelength ranges. Reproducible results, withe the temperatures in the two wavelength bands generally in excellent agreement, were obtained for aluminum-2024 (10.5 to 33 GPa; 125 to 260 C), stainless steel-304 (11.5 to 50 GPa; 80 to 350 C), crystalline quartz (5.0 to 21.5 GPa; 80 to 250 C) forsterite (7.5 to 28.0 GPa; approximately 30 to 160 C) and Bamble bronzite (6.0 to 26.0 GPa; approximately 30 to 225 C). Results are generally much higher at low pressures than the values calculated assuming a hydrodynamic rheology and isentropic release parallel to the Hugoniot but tend towards them at higher pressures.

Raikes, S. A.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Applicability of the Remote Mobile Emplacement Package (RMEP) design as a mobility aid for proposed post-84 Mars missions, phase O

The results of study to determine the applicability of the Remote Mobile Emplacement Package (RMEP) design concept as a mobility aid for the proposed post-'84 Mars missions are presented. The RMEP wheel and mobility subsystem parameters: wheel tire size, weight, stowed volume, and environmental effects; obstacle negotiation; reliability and wear; motor and drive train; and electrical power demand were reviewed. Results indicated that: (1) the basic RMEP wheel design would be satisfactory, with additional attention to heating, side loading, tread wear and ultraviolet radiation protection; (2) motor and drive train power requirements on Mars would be less than on Earth; and (3) the mobility electrical power requirements would be small enough to offer the option of operating the Mars mini rover untethered. Payload power required for certain sampling functions would preclude the use of battery power for these missions. Hazard avoidance and reverse direction maneuvers are discussed. Limited examination of vehicle payload integration and thermal design was made, pending establishment of a baseline vehicle/payload design.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1979

Post-shock temperatures in minerals

An experimental technique was developed for measuring post-shock temperatures in a wide variety of materials, including those of geophysical interest such as silicates. The technique uses an infrared radiation detector to determine the brightness temperature of samples shocked to pressures in the range 5 to approximately 30 GPa; in these experiments measurements were made in two wavelength ranges (4.5 to 5.75 microns and 7 to 14 microns). Reproducible results, with the temperatures in the two wavelength bands generally in excellent agreement, were obtained for aluminum-2024 (10.5 to 33 GPa, 125 to 260 C), stainless steel-304 (11.5 to 50 GPa, 80 to 350 C), crystalline quartz (5.0 to 21.5 GPa, 80 to 250 C), forsterite (7.5 to 28.0 GPa, approximately 30 to 160 C) and Bamble bronzite (6.0 to 26.0 GPa, approximately 30 to 225 C). It is concluded that release adiabat data should be used, wherever available, for calculations of residual temperature, and that adequate descriptions of the shock and release processes in minerals are more complex than generally assumed.

Raikes, S. A.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Program documentation for the space environment test division post-test data reduction program (GNFLEX)

The Space Environment Test Division Post-Test Data Reduction Program processes data from test history tapes generated on the Flexible Data System in the Space Environment Simulation Laboratory at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. The program reads the tape's data base records to retrieve the item directory conversion file, the item capture file and the process link file to determine the active parameters. The desired parameter names are read in by lead cards after which the periodic data records are read to determine parameter data level changes. The data is considered to be compressed rather than full sample rate. Tabulations and/or a tape for generating plots may be output.

Jones, L. D.↗