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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1976

The economic impact of NASA R and D spending: Executive summary

An evaluation of the economic impact of NASA research and development programs is made. The methodology and the results revolve around the interrelationships existing between the demand and supply effects of increased research and development spending, in particular, NASA research and development spending. The INFORUM Inter-Industry Forecasing Model is used to measure the short-run economic impact of alternative levels of NASA expenditures for 1975. An aggregate production function approach is used to develop the data series necessary to measure the impact of NASA research and development spending, and other determinants of technological progress, on the rate of growth in productivity of the U. S. economy. The measured relationship between NASA research and development spending and technological progress is simulated in the Chase Macroeconometric Model to measure the immediate, intermediate, and long-run economic impact of increased NASA research and development spending over a sustained period.

Evans, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Management: A continuing literature survey with indexes, March 1976

Management is a compilation of references to selected reports, journal articles, and other documents on the subject of management. This publication lists 368 documents originally announced in the 1975 issues of Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) or International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA). It includes references on the management of research and development, contracts, production, logistics, personnel, safety, reliability and quality control. It also includes references on: program, project and systems management; management policy, philosophy, tools, and techniques; decisionmaking processes for managers; technology assessment; management of urban problems; and information for managers on Federal resources, expenditures, financing, and budgeting.

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NASA NTRS1976

An analysis of metropolitan land-use by machine processing of earth resources technology satellite data

A successful application of state-of-the-art remote sensing technology in classifying an urban area into its broad land use classes is reported. This research proves that numerous urban features are amenable to classification using ERTS multispectral data automatically processed by computer. Furthermore, such automatic data processing (ADP) techniques permit areal analysis on an unprecedented scale with a minimum expenditure of time. Also, classification results obtained using ADP procedures are consistent, comparable, and replicable. The results of classification are compared with the proposed U. S. G. S. land use classification system in order to determine the level of classification that is feasible to obtain through ERTS analysis of metropolitan areas.

Mausel, P. W.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Shuttle user analysis (study 2.2). Volume 3: Business risk and value of operations in space (BRAVO). Part 2: User's manual

The purpose of the BRAVO User's Manual is to describe the BRAVO methodology in terms of step-by-step procedures. The BRAVO methodology then becomes a tool which a team of analysts can utilize to perform cost effectiveness analyses on potential future space applications with a relatively general set of input information and a relatively small expenditure of resources. An overview of the BRAVO procedure is given by describing the complete procedure in a general form.

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NASA NTRS1975

Optimal rendezvous in the neighborhood of a circular orbit

The minimum velocity change rendezvous solutions, when the motion may be linearized about a circular orbit, fall into two separate regions; the phase-for-free region and the general region. Phase-for-free solutions are derived from the optimum transfer solutions, require the same velocity change expenditure, but may not be unique. Analytic solutions are presented in two of the three subregions. An algorithm is presented for determining the unique solutions in the general region. Various sources of initial conditions are discussed and three examples presented.

Jones, J. B.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Optimal rendezvous in the neighborhood of a circular orbit

The minimum velocity-change rendezvous solutions, when the motion may be linearized about a circular orbit, fall into two separate regions; the phase-for-free region and the general region. Phase-for-free solutions are derived from the optimum transfer solutions, require the same velocity-change expenditure, but may not be unique. Analytic solutions are presented in two of the three subregions. An algorithm is presented for determining the unique solutions in the general region. Various sources of initial conditions are discussed and three examples are presented.

Jones, J. B.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Solar sail mission applications

The paper discusses the concept and the current baseline configuration of a reusable solar sail vehicle using light pressure for propulsion. The range of characteristic accelerations which solar sail vehicles might achieve during early years of operation is estimated to be from 0.2 to 1.3 mm/sq sec, with overall sail efficiency about 80 to 90%. Operating without the expenditure of propellant, the vehicle has the potential of delivering large payloads throughout the solar system. Detailed attention is given to various possible missions of the solar sail vehicle operating as an Interplanetary Shuttle. The vehicle may deliver payloads to the inner planets, asteroids, short period comets, or sun polar orbits and then return to earth, possibly with samples. It may also be used for outer planet missions or solar system escape. An 800-m sail may return samples totaling 200 kg from Mars and deliver them to an earth orbital laboratory. The first mission for the solar sail may be rendezvous with Halley's comet in 1982.

Wright, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Principles and methods for future low-cost planetary exploration

This paper describes the approach that NASA will use to obtain the mandatory science results with a minimum expenditure of resources for the new thrusts which will be initiated. The specific projects that will be described to illustrate the planned utilization of standardized hardware and software are the Outer Planet Orbiter/Probe (Jupiter) and the Terrestrial Bodies Orbiter (Lunar) missions. This paper describes the coupling between these missions and future missions to a variety of bodies in the solar system and the benefits to be derived by developing a design that will accommodate future missions as opposed to optimized designs for each individual mission.

Kraemer, R. S.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Beneficial uses of space

The study elicited over 100 ideas for Space Processing. Of the elicited ideas, more than 20% involved processing of biologicals, or related medical and life sciences applications. Among these were High Purity Separation of Isoenzymes, and Development of Biorhythms applications data. Program planning for four products is outlined. Experimentation and testing resulted in definition of nearly 70 series of tests in ground-based laboratories, sounding rockets, etc., and space shuttle. Development schedules established timing and interrelationships of decisions involved in carrying these products to the point of production. The potential profitability of the four products is determined. Resources needed to achieve full scale production included use of shuttle for transportation, for which cost apportionment model was developed. R and D resources for the four products totalled $46,000,000 with Isoenzymes requiring the smallest expenditure, $4,000,000. A computerized profitability model (INVEST) was used to determine the measures of profitability of each product. Results build confidence that there will be a payoff.

Bloom, H. L.↗
NASA NTRS1976

A study of the efficiency of hydrogen liquefaction

The use of liquid hydrogen as a jet aircraft fuel has a number of environmental and technological advantages over conventional fuels. The liquefaction of hydrogen requires a large expenditure of energy. There are many inefficiencies that are a part of any practical liquefaction process. Current technology was investigated for the best available system. Parametric studies were made to identify where inefficiencies occur and to optimize and integrate the component parts. Flowsheets are presented for a module that produces 250 tons per day of liquid hydrogen. Approximately ten of these modules is needed for a major airport in the 1990's. The advantages of producing a product with a minimum amount of ortho to para hydrogen conversion are pointed out. The optimum degree of conversion was determined for a liquid hydrogen product that will be used within a given time. An assessment was made regarding the potentials for improvement of the processing schemes and equipment over the next 10 to 25 years.

Baker, C. R.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Wind tunnel tests of a two bladed model rotor to evaluate the TAMI system in descending forward flight

A research investigation was conducted to assess the potential of the Tip Air Mass Injection system in reducing the noise output during blade vortex interaction in descending low speed flight. In general it was concluded that the noise output due to blade vortex interaction can be reduced by 4 to 6 db with an equivalent power expenditure of approximately 14 percent of installed power.

White, R. P., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Energy requirement for the production of silicon solar arrays

Photovoltaics is subject of an extensive technology assessment in terms of its net energy potential as an alternate energy source. Reduction of quartzite pebbles, refinement, crystal growth, cell processing and panel building are evaluated for energy expenditure compared to direct, indirect, and overhead energies.

Lindmayer, J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Self-navigating robot

Rangefinding equipment and onboard navigation system determine best route from point to point. Research robot has two TV cameras and laser for scanning and mapping its environment. Path planner finds most direct, unobstructed route that requires minimum expenditure of energy. Distance is used as measure of energy expense, although other measures such as time or power consumption (which would depend on the topography of the path) may be used.

Thompson, A. M.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Procedures for gathering ground truth information for a supervised approach to a computer-implemented land cover classification of LANDSAT-acquired multispectral scanner data

Procedures for gathering ground truth information for a supervised approach to a computer-implemented land cover classification of LANDSAT acquired multispectral scanner data are provided in a step by step manner. Criteria for determining size, number, uniformity, and predominant land cover of training sample sites are established. Suggestions are made for the organization and orientation of field team personnel, the procedures used in the field, and the format of the forms to be used. Estimates are made of the probable expenditures in time and costs. Examples of ground truth forms and definitions and criteria of major land cover categories are provided in appendixes.

Joyce, A. T.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Specialized computer architectures for computational aerodynamics

In recent years, computational fluid dynamics has made significant progress in modelling aerodynamic phenomena. Currently, one of the major barriers to future development lies in the compute-intensive nature of the numerical formulations and the relative high cost of performing these computations on commercially available general purpose computers, a cost high with respect to dollar expenditure and/or elapsed time. Today's computing technology will support a program designed to create specialized computing facilities to be dedicated to the important problems of computational aerodynamics. One of the still unresolved questions is the organization of the computing components in such a facility. The characteristics of fluid dynamic problems which will have significant impact on the choice of computer architecture for a specialized facility are reviewed.

Stevenson, D. K.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Cost evaluation of a DSN high level real-time language

The hypothesis that the implementation of a DSN High Level Real Time Language will reduce real time software expenditures is explored. The High Level Real Time Language is found to be both affordable and cost-effective.

Mckenzie, M.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Management: A continuing literature survey with indexes

This bibliography lists 782 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in 1977. The citations, and abstracts when available, are reproduced exactly as they appeared originally in IAA and STAR, including the original accession numbers from the respective announcement journals. Topics cover the management of research and development contracts, production, logistics, personnel, safety, reliability and quality control citations. Includes references on: program, project and systems management; management policy, philosophy, tools, and techniques; decisionmaking processes for managers; technology assessment; management of urban problems; and information for managers on Federal resources, expenditures, financing, and budgeting.

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