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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2017

Demonstration of a Nano-Enabled Space Power System

The Nano-Enabled Space Power System will demonstrate power systems with nanomaterial-enhanced components as are placement for CubeSat power generation, transmission, and storage. Successful flights of these nano-power systems will accelerate the use of this revolutionary technology in the aerospace industry. The use of nano materials in solar cells, wire harnesses,and lithium ion batteries can increase the device performance without significantly altering the devices physical dimensions or the devices operating range (temperature,voltage, current). In many cases, the use of nanomaterials widens the viable range of operating conditions, such as increased depth of discharge of lithium ion batteries, tunable bandgaps in solar cells, and increased flexure tolerance of wire harnesses.

CubeSat↗
NASA NTRS2019

Modern Hardness Assurance: A Brand New Game Except When it Isn't

Mission success criteria at the device level and required device operation/availability can determine the risk posed by the radiation effects for a given device in a given environment, but rarely are the same from one mission to another. A large portion of New Space / SmallSat missions to date have benefitted from relatively short mission durations and chosen orbits that have less severe particle populations than their larger counterparts. As mission objectives grow and become reliant on their chosen devices operating for longer lives and in more harsh environments, requirements need to reflect the changing scope but not hinder design adoptions from previously successful missions that provide new capabilities. This presentation describes notable differences in radiation environments, the requirement changes that come with choice of orbit, and prioritizations for mission success criteria to be determined by the designers of the system and subsystems. Test methodologies based on radiation effect categories are explained briefly; when they are needed. Similarity data (and its limitations) are discussed so that caveats and short-comings are understood. Reliability and assurance quantification may not always be possible, but determining where risks are taken and how to classify them is the essential topic for the intended practice: to establish radiation requirements with the goal of getting to mission success.

Campola, Michael J.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Parametric optics with whispering-gallery modes

We propose to fabricate a dielectric cavity sustaining high-Q whispering gallery modes from a periodically poled material possessing a quadratic nonlinearity to achieve an efficient interaction among the modes. We show that the periodical poling allows for compensation of both the material and the cavity dispersions that prohibits the nonlinear interaction otherwise. Such a cavity might be a basics element of a family of efficient nonlinear devices operating at a broad range of optical wavelengths.

Maleki, Lute↗
NASA NTRS1997

Commercialization of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell System

This paper describes a major breakthrough in energy technology developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory that can be used in a wide variety of portable, remote, and transportation applications without polluting the environment. The status, performance, and design considerations of the JPL non-polluting, direct methanol, fuel cell system for consumer equipment and transportation applications are reported herein. This new fuel cell technology utilizes the direct oxidation of a 3 percent aqueous liquid methanol solution as the fuel and air (O&sub2;) as the oxidant. The only products are CO&sub2; and water. Therefore, because recharging can be accomplished by refueling with methanol, vehicles can enjoy unlimited range and extended use compared to battery operated devices requiring recharging time and power accessibility.

fuel↗
DOE OSTI2020

Thallium Bromide Semiconductor Radiation Materials and Detectors Characterization Studies

Two overarching requirements of crucial importance for the commercial and scientific establishment of semiconductor radiation detectors are: (1) exceptionally high-purity crystals with impurity concentrations less than 1 part-per-billion and (2) single crystals that are relatively free from subgrain boundaries, secondary phases, dislocations, and other electrically-active defects. We investigated the properties of thallium bromide (TlBr) material that affect its performance with the goal of increasing the material's commercial viability for radiation detection applications. For this purpose, we used beamlines at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), performing Micron-scale X-ray Detector Mapping, White Beam X-ray Diffraction Topography, and Micron-scale X-ray Fluorescence. These characterization methods improve the industry's understanding of TlBr and lead to the production of improved instrumentation. In this particular study we report electro-migration measurements of positive-ion Cu, Ag, and Au impurities in TlBr detectors under electric field strengths typically used for device operation. BNL improved TlBr detectors with an electrode design that corrects the response non-uniformities caused by crystal defects. This design can achieve improved energy resolution while using typical-grade, commercial crystals with relaxed quality requirements, thus reducing the overall cost of detectors. Additional characterization will be necessary to fully understand the structure and performance of TlBr with the ultimate goal to achieve the highest energy resolution. Our findings from past work will be presented along with our recommendations for additional investigation.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Helical superconducting undulator for 3rd and 4th generation of synchrotron light source and FELs

A helical superconducting undulator includes a cylindrical magnetic core through which a bore hole allows the passage of charged particles. A single superconducting wire wraps the magnetic core guided by helical flights and cylindrical protrusions, to create interleaved helical windings on the magnetic core. An electrical current may be supplied to the superconducting wire to generate a periodic helical magnetic field in the bore. The helical superconducting undulator also includes a strong-back enclosure that acts as an epoxy mold during epoxy impregnation, a structural support to ensure straightness of the undulator after epoxy impregnation, and assists in cooling and thermal control of the magnetic core and superconducting wire during device operation.

Gluskin, Efim↗
DOE OSTI2022

Radiation detector using a graphene amplifier layer

A radiation field is detected or imaged using one or more junction devices in which a two-dimensional conductor layer is capacitively coupled to a semiconductor absorber layer. In the junction devices, pixel-level amplification and read-out are accomplished through the photogating of the devices by absorption within the absorber layer while it is in a state of deep depletion. When the two-dimensional conductor is graphene, we refer to a device operating in that manner as a deeply depleted graphene-oxide-semiconductor (D 2 GOS) detector.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2023

Systems and methods for verification and authentication of remote sensing imagery

A system for generating and authenticating remote sensing imagery includes a remote sensing platform. The remote sensing platform includes an imaging sensor and a hardware logic device that is directly coupled to the imaging sensor. The hardware logic device receives image data from the imaging sensor and generates a cryptographic signature based upon the image data. The hardware logic device outputs a signed image that includes the image data and the cryptographic signature. A computing device operated by a downstream user receives the signed image and can determine whether the image data has been modified from its original content based upon the cryptographic signature.

Crosby, Sean Michael↗
DOE OSTI2023

Suppression of quasiparticle poisoning in transmon qubits by gap engineering

The performance of various superconducting devices operating at ultra-low temperatures is impaired by the presence of non-equilibrium quasiparticles. Inelastic quasiparticle (QP) tunneling across Josephson junctions in superconducting qubits results in decoherence and spurious excitations and, notably, can trigger correlated errors that severely impede quantum error correction. In this work, we use "gap engineering" to suppress the tunneling of low-energy quasiparticles in Al-based transmon qubits, a leading building block for superconducting quantum processors. By implementing potential barriers for QP, we strongly suppress QP tunneling across the junction and preserve charge parity for over $10^3$ seconds. The suppression of QP tunneling also results in a reduction in the qubit energy relaxation rates. The demonstrated approach to gap engineering can be easily implemented in all Al-based circuits with Josephson junctions.

Kamenov, Plamen↗
NASA NTRS1979

Optical devices for proximity operations study and test report

Operational and physical requirements were investigated for a low-light-level viewing device to be used as a window-mounted optical sight for crew use in the pointing, navigating, stationkeeping, and docking of space vehicles to support space station operations and the assembly of large structures in space. A suitable prototype, obtained from a commercial vendor, was subjected to limited tests to determine the potential effectiveness of a proximity optical device in spacecraft operations. The constructional features of the device are discussed as well as concepts for its use. Tests results show that a proximity optical device is capable of performing low-light-level viewing services and will enhance manned spacecraft operations.

Smith, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS2011

Total Ionizing Dose Testing of the Analog Devices’ AD648 Dual Precision Operational Amplifier

The Analog Devices (ADI) AD648 was tested for total ionizing dose response at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Radiation Effects Facility (REF) beginning 1 June 2011. This test served as the radiation lot acceptance test (RLAT) for the lot date code (LDC) tested. Low dose rate (LDR) irradiations were performed in this test so that the device susceptibility to enhanced low dose rate sensitivity (ELDRS) could be determined.

Alvin J Boutte↗
DOE OSTI2021

Renewable energy integration and system operation challenge: control and optimization of millions of devices

The electric power infrastructure, originally designed and built on large-scale power plants, is evolving into a more resilient power generation and delivery system in which millions of smaller units of distributed energy generation resources units will be installed in sub-transmission and distribution networks. In order to control, manage and optimize the future grid, a hierarchical design is presented in this chapter which enables the distributed control on grid edge while inheriting the existing centralized control structure. This layered design of large-scale power system operation and control uses the following principle: reactive power control is treated as a primary control for voltage stability, and the real power control is primarily a grid-level control but can also be a supplementary control for voltage support in the case of insufficient reactive power control capacity. For the purpose of active control and operation at the distribution level, a recursive power network model is derived from nodal injection and branch power flow models. Based on the model, the proposed algorithms of hierarchical control, grid-edge inference and dynamic hosting allowance are developed and presented for multi-level controlled operation. And, a co-simulation architecture of integrated T&D system is presented to validate and demonstrate the feasibility and scalability of proposed algorithms.

Xu, Ying↗
DOE OSTI2020

Energetic Control of Redox-Active Polymers toward Safe Organic Bioelectronic Materials

Avoiding faradaic side reactions during the operation of electrochemical devices is important to enhance the device stability, to achieve low power consumption, and to prevent the formation of reactive side-products. This is particularly important for bioelectronic devices, which are designed to operate in biological systems. While redox-active materials based on conducting and semiconducting polymers represent an exciting class of materials for bioelectronic devices, they are susceptible to electrochemical side-reactions with molecular oxygen during device operation. In this work, electrochemical side reactions with molecular oxygen are shown to occur during organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) operation using high-performance, state-of-the-art OECT materials. Depending on the choice of the active material, such reactions yield hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), a reactive side-product, which may be harmful to the local biological environment and may also accelerate device degradation. A design strategy is reported for the development of redox-active organic semiconductors based on donor–acceptor copolymers that prevents the formation of H 2 O 2 during device operation. This study elucidates the previously overlooked side-reactions between redox-active conjugated polymers and molecular oxygen in electrochemical devices for bioelectronics, which is critical for the operation of electrolyte-gated devices in application-relevant environments.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1964

Speed-sensing device aids crane operators

So that crane operators can judge payload movements accurately, a friction-driven multilobed cam device energizes a buzzer and indicator lamp in the crane cab. The signal frequency of this speed sensor has a sensitivity to hoist movement of 1/8 inch.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2002

Single chip camera device having double sampling operation

A single chip camera device is formed on a single substrate including an image acquisition portion for control portion and the timing circuit formed on the substrate. The timing circuit also controls the photoreceptors in a double sampling mode in which are reset level is first read and then after an integration time a charged level is read.

Fossum, Eric R.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Leveraging Hamiltonian simulation techniques to compile operations on bosonic devices

Circuit quantum electrodynamics enables the combined use of qubits and oscillator modes. Despite a variety of available gate sets, many hybrid qubit-boson (i.e. qubit-oscillator) operations are realizable only through optimal control theory, which is oftentimes intractable and uninterpretable. We introduce an analytic approach with rigorously proven error bounds for realizing specific classes of operations via two matrix product formulas commonly used in Hamiltonian simulation, the Lie–Trotter–Suzuki and Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff product formulas. We show how this technique can be used to realize a number of operations of interest, including polynomials of annihilation and creation operators, namely (a) p (a † ) q for integer p, q. We show examples of this paradigm including obtaining universal control within a subspace of the entire Fock space of an oscillator, state preparation of a fixed photon number in the cavity, simulation of the Jaynes–Cummings Hamiltonian, and simulation of the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. This work demonstrates how techniques from Hamiltonian simulation can be applied to better control hybrid qubit-boson devices.

bosonic qubits↗
DOE OSTI2021

Methods and devices configured to operated scanning tunneling microscopes using out-of-bandwidth frequency components added to bias voltage and related software

In the system and method disclosed, an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip is used to selectively desorb hydrogen atoms from the Si(100)-2X1:H surface by injecting electrons at a negative sample bias voltage. A new lithography method is disclosed that allows the STM to operate under imaging conditions and simultaneously desorb H atoms as required. A high frequency signal is added to the negative sample bias voltage to deliver the required energy for hydrogen removal. The resulted current at this frequency and its harmonics are filtered to minimize their effect on the operation of the STM's feedback loop. This approach offers a significant potential for controlled and precise removal of hydrogen atoms from a hydrogen-terminated silicon surface and thus may be used for the fabrication of practical silicon-based atomic-scale devices.

Moheimani, Seyed Omid Reza↗