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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1974

Apollo experience report: A use of network simulation techniques in the design of the Apollo lunar surface experiments package support system

A case study of data-communications network modeling and simulation is presented. The applicability of simulation techniques in early system design phases is demonstrated, and the ease with which model parameters can be changed and comprehensive statistics gathered is shown. The discussion of the model design and application also yields an insight into the design and implementation of the Apollo lunar surface experiments package ground-support system.

Gustafson, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Parylene coating for circuit components

Inexpensive internal coating improves reliability of plastic-packaged parts. Coating protects device from effects of humidity and heat and acts as barrier between device and harmful substances generated by plastic-packaging material.

Berkebile, M. J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

WOLF contouring and plotting package

Tasks ranging from quick simple plot (which requires only one call to package) to highly sophisticated plots (including motion picture plots) easily generated with basic knowledge of FORTRAN and plot commands. Designers preparing software system that requires plotted output will find this package offers many advantages over standard hardware support packages available.

Masaki, G. T.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Efficient structures for geosynchronous spacecraft solar arrays, phase 4

Efficient structures for geosynchronous spacecraft solar arrays were investigated. The STACBEAM (stacking triangular articulated compact beam) concept was selected. The primary component, the solar array blanket, is stored in a folded configuration and is deployed by controlled linear extension. Blanket stiffness is attained by axially tensioning the blanket and by providing periodic lateral ribs and standoffs which attach the blanket to the beam at several places along its length. The STACBEAM deploys sequentially (one bay at a time) using a deployer of sufficient rigidity so that beam stiffness is not degraded during deployment. The beam does not rotate during deployment, thus making blanket beam attachment possible in the packaged condition. In addition to high bending stiffness, the STACBEAM possesses high torsional rigidity due to nonflexible diagonals. The concept is adaptable to various size and loading requirements by changing member diameter and baylength, thus affecting the ratio of packaged and deployed length.

Adams, L. R.↗
NASA NTRS1985

TRICCS: A proposed teleoperator/robot integrated command and control system for space applications

Robotic systems will play an increasingly important role in space operations. An integrated command and control system based on the requirements of space-related applications and incorporating features necessary for the evolution of advanced goal-directed robotic systems is described. These features include: interaction with a world model or domain knowledge base, sensor feedback, multiple-arm capability and concurrent operations. The system makes maximum use of manual interaction at all levels for debug, monitoring, and operational reliability. It is shown that the robotic command and control system may most advantageously be implemented as packages and tasks in Ada.

Will, R. W.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Applications of the Coastal Zone Color Scanner in oceanography

Research activity has continued to be focused on the applications of the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) imagery in oceanography. A number of regional studies were completed including investigations of temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton populations in the South Atlantic Bight, Northwest Spain, Weddell Sea, Bering Sea, Caribbean Sea and in tropical Atlantic Ocean. In addition to the regional studies, much work was dedicated to developing ancillary global scale meteorological and hydrographic data sets to complement the global CZCS processing products. To accomplish this, SEAPAK's image analysis capability was complemented with an interface to GEMPAK (Severe Storm Branch's meteorological analysis software package) for the analysis and graphical display of gridded data fields. Plans are being made to develop a similar interface to SEAPAK for hydrographic data using EPIC (a hydrographic data analysis package developed by NOAA/PMEL).

Mcclain, C. R.↗
NASA NTRS2018

A Summary of the NASA Design Environment for Novel Vertical Lift Vehicles (DELIVER) Project

The number of new markets and use cases being developed for vertical take-off and landing vehicles continues to explode, including the highly publicized urban air taxi and package deliver applications. There is an equally exploding variety of novel vehicle configurations and sizes that are being proposed to fill these new market applications. The challenge for vehicle designers is that there is currently no easy and consistent way to go from a compelling mission or use case to a vehicle that is best configured and sized for the particular mission. This is because the availability of accurate and validated conceptual design tools for these novel types and sizes of vehicles have not kept pace with the new markets and vehicles themselves. The Design Environment for Novel Vertical Lift Vehicles (DELIVER) project was formulated to address this vehicle design challenge by demonstrating the use of current conceptual design tools, that have been used for decades to design and size conventional rotorcraft, applied to these novel vehicle types, configurations and sizes. In addition to demonstrating the applicability of current design and sizing tools to novel vehicle configurations and sizes, DELIVER also demonstrated the addition of key transformational technologies of noise, autonomy, and hybrid-electric and all-electric propulsion into the vehicle conceptual design process. Noise is key for community acceptance, autonomy and the need to operate autonomously are key for efficient, reliable and safe operations, and electrification of the propulsion system is a key enabler for these new vehicle types and sizes. This paper provides a summary of the DELIVER project and shows the applicability of current conceptual design and sizing tools novel vehicle configurations and sizes that are being proposed for urban air taxi and package delivery type applications.

Design Environment↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Advanced Composite Solar Sail System (ACS3): Mechanisms and Lessons Learned from a CubeSat Solar Sail Deployer

This is an overview of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Advanced Composite Solar Sail System (ACS3) technology demonstration project mechanisms, their development, the testing they underwent, as well as the lessons learned in those activities. This overview includes an overall description of the primary deployment mechanisms and ground support equipment (GSE) needed for packaging the solar sail system.

Mechanisms↗
DOE OSTI2020

Using Robotic Manipulators for Radioactive Waste Inspection - 20090

The global nuclear industry has a growing volume of nuclear waste which needs to be scanned, sorted according to its activity and material type, then processed into the correct waste packages for long term storage and disposal. It is vital that there is a detailed understanding of the waste inventory stored in long term waste containers, as knowledge of their contents could predict or prevent any adverse effects in storage. The numerous 'scan and sort' tables which are currently used at many different facilities around the world to sort waste into their correct containers are human operated and require very slow gamma scanning procedures combined with educated guesswork to manually sort the waste. This often leads to excessive conservatisms, with placement of lower activity wastes in higher activity containers, which in turn costs significantly more to store. In the United Kingdom it costs UK Pounds 46 k per cubic meter to store intermediate level waste compared to just UK Pound 2.9 k per cubic meter to store low level waste according to a 2008 Department of Energy and Climate Change report in the UK. A proposed solution to this problem, is the use of a robotic manipulator to automatically inspect the 'scan and sort table' in order to produce an accurate 3D model of the table's waste contents and attach an overlaid radiation map. The radiation map contains spectrometry data and can in consequence be used to distinguish and locate specific radioisotopes. The 3D model should be as accurate as possible in order to allow for a second robot arm with an attached gripper to grasp the objects and place them into their designated long-term storage container. Various scanning procedures are explored in this study including basic raster scanning, adaptive raster scanning and point sampling. The optimal solution will in practice be defined by the required application and activity level of the wastes being inspected. The results presented in this study indicate that it is possible to produce a centimeter accurate 3D model of a mixed assortment of components on a nuclear waste 'scan and sort' table. In addition, it was shown that the waste objects emitting radiation could be accurately identified and located, with an overlaid radiation map. This study is applicable across the nuclear waste management sector. Many of the ideas and concepts developed in this study are applicable in other decommissioning settings for example, dismantling of legacy gloveboxes or routine inspection of nuclear waste packages in storage. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2025

Manuscript model outputs, model source code, and figure scripts: The role of geomorphology in mediating biomass allocation impacts on salt-marsh resilience and carbon accumulation

This data package provides model source code (C++), model outputs, and figure generation scripts (R) needed to reproduce the following manuscript: Bruns, Nicholas E., Genevieve L. Noyce, and Matthew L. Kirwan. "The Role of Geomorphology in Mediating Biomass Allocation Impacts on Salt-Marsh Resilience and Carbon Accumulation." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 327 (December 2025): 109549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109549. This manuscript investigates how geomorphology mediates the impact of biomass allocation shifts on salt marsh persistence and carbon (C) sequestration under sea level rise. We use a 1-D soil-column model (Kirwan and Mudd 2012) to perform experiments across a range of static root:shoot ratios (RSR = 1-4) spanning observed values. The model explicitly simulates interactions between tidal inundation, productivity, inorganic sediment deposition, and organic matter accumulation. Experiments determine whether geomorphic feedbacks amplify, dampen, or leave unchanged the ecosystem response to biomass allocation shifts. A first experiment uses constant sea level rise (2.5 mm/yr) to examine equilibrium dynamics and their influence on carbon accumulation rates across different suspended sediment concentrations (SSC). A second set of experiments calculates threshold sea level rise rates for marsh drowning across RSR and SSC combinations. Final experiments apply accelerating sea level rise scenarios (2000-2200) derived from NOAA projections (Sweet et al. 2022) to generate an envelope of expected responses, quantifying the importance of biomass allocation shifts on marsh carbon accumulation and persistence. All experiments are repeated across SSC ranging from 5-50 mg/L to investigate how these interactions vary in micro-tidal marshes with different sediment supplies. Package contents: * README.txt with detailed description of package contents and instructions for reproducing manuscript figures and model outputs * R scripts for generating all manuscript figures * C++ baseline model code from Kirwan and Mudd (2012) * C++ source code for 4 experimental model variants used in the manuscript, extending above baseline code * Model input files (.csv, .txt) including sea level rise scenarios * Model output files (.txt) used in manuscript analyses Temporal coverage: Model simulations span years 1900-2200, with accelerating sea level rise scenarios for 2000-2200. Key variables: Root:shoot ratio, suspended sediment concentration, carbon accumulation rate, vertical accretion rate, marsh elevation, inundation depth, threshold sea level rise rate.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Water chemistry in flume channel and hyporheic zone (i.e., porewater) associated with: “Rethinking Aerobic Respiration in the Hyporheic Zone Under Variation in Carbon and Nitrogen Stoichiometry”

Dissolved oxygen (DO), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), molecular data for organic matter, and biochemical reactions for surface water and porewater (i.e., hyporheic zone) collected from a water recirculating flume located at the University of Texas, Austin. The flume contained real river water from Lower Colorado River(Austin, TX) and clean sand. Hyporheic exchange in the flume was induced through The study aims to understand relationships between aerobic metabolism of organic matter and molecular characteristics of organic matter, such as thermodynamic signature and nitrogen content, through the extent of the hyporheic zone at 10 cm- resolution, and through time. During the experiment, organic matter (dry leaves) was added to the flume and removed after 24 hours. The water samples were collected before the addition of leaves, at the time of removal of leaves, and at hour 72. The water samples were analyzed using ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) analysis. Dissolved oxygen content throughout the surface water and the hyporheic zone of the flume was measured with a large planar optode. This data package is associated with the publication ’ Rethinking Aerobic Respiration in the Hyporheic Zone Under Variation in Carbon and Nitrogen Stoichiometry’ published in Environmental Science and Technology (Turețcaia et al., 2023 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c04765). The dataset is comprised of five folders (1) Diss_O2_pic, (2) input_files (3) output_files; (4) python_code; and (5) R_code . Diss_O2_pic contains siximages of dissolved oxygen distribution in a bedform at hours 0, 24, and 72 of the experiment conducted in a large recirculation flume. Images are in separate R and G channels (i.e., RGB). The input_files contains (1) a csv file with FTICR peaks identified within each sample, (2) a csv file with molecular information pertinent to FTICR data with Gibbs free energy calculations adjusted for environmental temperature, (3) a csv file containing concentrations of non-purgeable organic carbon measured throughout the experiment , (4) a csv file containing concentrations of total nitrogen measured throughout the experiment, (5) a csv file containing total biochemical reactions (i.e., transformations) identified in the dataset, (6) a csv containing transformation profiles, and (7) a csv file containing transformations with formulas, and (8) a jpg file with schematic representation of locations for sample collection. The output_files contains (1) and xlsx file containing percent biochemical reactions containing nitrogen identified across all 39 sample, (2) a csv file of merged FTICR data and molecular information files, (3) a csv files containing average Gibbs free energy within sampling domains and at each sampling location, (4) a csv file with average concentrations of dissolved oxygen across sampling locations at hour 0, (5) a csv file with average concentrations of dissolved oxygen across sampling locations at hour 24, (6) a csv file with average concentrations of dissolved oxygen across sampling locations at hour 72, (7) a csv file with percent chemical classes identified across sampling locations at hour 0, (8) a csv file with percent chemical classes identified across sampling locations at hour 24, (9) a csv file with percent chemical classes identified across sampling locations at hour 72, and (10) a csv file containing percent nitrogen containing biochemical reactions identified across sampling locations at hours 0, 24, and 72. The python_code contains seven ipynb files which are Jupyter Notebooks used for data analysis and figures generation. The R_code contains 3 R files with R code used for data analysis and figures generation. This data package contains the processed data used in the associated manuscript. This data has not been previously published.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1999

Review of Stack CSP Technologies

CSP is an emerging technology with significant potential growth in stacking. Many of the stacking techniques for conventional packages could be implemented for CSP once materials, process, and system development for finer features are developed.

3D CSP stack CSP Chip Scale Package MCM Mulitchip ↗
NASA NTRS2008

Ultra-Thin, Flexible Electronics

Thinned die can be used to realize ultra-thin flexible electronics for applications such as conformal and wearable electronics. Three techniques have been developed to achieve this goal using thinned die: die flip chip bonded onto flexible substrates, die laminated onto LCP films, and die embedded in polyimide. A key to achieving each of these techniques is the thinning of die to a thickness of 50 microns or thinner. Conventional CMP processing can be used to thin to 50 microns. At 50 microns, the active die become flexible and must be handled by temporarily bonding them to a holder die, for further processing. Once bonded face down to the holder die, the active die can be further thinned by DRIE etching the exposed backside. The thinned die can then been packaged in or on the flexible substrate.

electronics packaging↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Upscaling of 500 °C Durable SiC JFET-R Integrated Circuits

At HiTEC2018, NASA Glenn Research Center reported the first demonstration of yearlong 500°C operation of ceramic-packaged “Generation 10” ~200-transistor integrated circuits (ICs) based on two-level interconnect silicon carbide (4H-SiC) junction field effect transistors and resistors (JFET-R). This HiTEC 2021submissionupdateson-going efforts at NASA Glenn spanning two subsequent prototype IC generations “11 and 12” to increase both complexity and durability of these ICs. Increased chip complexities of around 1000 transistors/chip for Gen. 11and near 3000 transistors/chip for Gen. 12 aremade possibleby reductions in minimum layout feature sizes (including resistorwidth shrinkage from 6 μm to 2μm) coupled with enlarged die size (from 3x3 mm to 5x5mm). Gen. 11 ICs electrically tested to date include an 8-bit delta-sigma analog to digital converter (ADC) as well as upscaled random access memory (RAM)and nearly 1 kbit read only memory (ROM). However, Gen. 11 prototype ICs exhibited significantly lower yield and durability than Gen. 10 ICs. Development of revised processing is being investigated towards mitigating these issues in subsequentGen. 12 fabrication runcurrentlyin progress.

Silicon Carbide↗