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All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2016

M4FT-16LL080303052-State of Knowledge for Colloid Facilitated Radionuclide Transport and Update on Actinide Diffusion in Bentonite Backfill

This progress report (Level 4 Milestone Number M4FT-16LL080303052) summarizes research conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) within the Crystalline Disposal R&D Activity Number FT-16LL080303051 and Crystalline International Collaborations Activity Number FT-16LL080303061. The focus of this research is the interaction of radionuclides with Engineered Barrier System (EBS) and host rock materials at various physico-chemical conditions relevant to subsurface repository environments. They include both chemical and physical processes such as solubility, sorption, and diffusion. The colloid-facilitated transport effort focused on preparation of a draft manuscript summarizing the state of knowledge and parameterization of colloid-facilitated transport mechanisms in support of reactive transport and performance assessment models for generic crystalline repositories. This draft manuscript is being submitted as a level 3 milestone with LANL as the primary author. LLNL’s contribution to that effort is summarized only briefly in the present report. A manuscript summarizing long-term U(VI) diffusion experiments through bentonite backfill material was recently accepted for publication; the contents of that manuscript are summarized in the present report. The Np(IV) diffusion experiments were started mid-year and are ongoing. The completion of these experiments is planned for early FY17. Our progress in quantifying Np(IV) diffusion in bentonite backfill is summarized in the present report. Our involvement with the NEA TDB project was summarized in a recent Argillite Disposal activity report. It is not included in this report.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2022

NNSA Minority Serving Institute Partnership Program (MSIPP)-- Partnership for Advanced Manufacturing Education and Research (PAMER) (Q1 FY2022 Progress Report)

The following report summarizes the status update during this quarter for the National Nuclear Security Agency (NNSA) initiated Minority Serving Institution Partnership Plan's (MSIPP) project titled, Partnership for Advanced Manufacturing Education and Research (PAMER). In 2016, the National Nuclear Security Agency (NNSA) initiated the Minority Serving Institution Partnership Plan (MSIPP) targeting Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCUs) to offer programs that will prepare students for technical careers in NNSA’s laboratories and production plants. The MSIPP consortium’s approach is as follows: 1) align investments at the college and university level to develop a curriculum and workforce needed to support NNSA’s nuclear weapon enterprise mission, and 2) to enhance research and education at under-represented colleges and universities.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2022

NNSA Minority Serving Institute Partnership Program (MSIPP)--Indigenous Mutual Partnership to Advanced Cybersecurity Technology (ASPIRE, IMPACT and PAMER); FY22 Q2 Progress Report

The following report summarizes the status update during this quarter for the National Nuclear Security Agency (NNSA) initiated Minority Serving Institution Partnership Plan's (MSIPP) projects titled, Indigenous Mutual Partnership to Advanced Cybersecurity Technology (ASPIRE), Indigenous Mutual Partnership to Advanced Cybersecurity Technology (IMPACT) and Partnership for Advanced Manufacturing Education and Research (PAMER).

42 ENGINEERING↗

NASA NTRS1992

Microgravity combustion science: Progress, plans, and opportunities

An earlier overview is updated which introduced the promise of microgravity combustion research and provided a brief survey of results and then current research participants, the available set of reduced gravity facilities, and plans for experimental capabilities in the space station era. Since that time, several research studies have been completed in drop towers and aircraft, and the first space based combustion experiments since Skylab have been conducted on the Shuttle. The microgravity environment enables a new range of experiments to be performed since buoyancy induced flows are nearly eliminated, normally obscured forces and flows may be isolated, gravitational settling or sedimentation is nearly eliminated, and larger time or length scales in experiments are feasible. In addition to new examinations of classical problems, (e.g., droplet burning), current areas of interest include soot formation and weak turbulence, as influenced by gravity.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1990

The NASP Program - An update

The NASP Program has made substantial technical progress and undergone significant change since the last report to the Society in 1987. This paper will focus on the technical progress that has been made in the areas of propulsion, materials, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) validation, and overall design of the X-30. The impact that the flight test community has had on the approach to the development and test of the X-30 will also be included. A short discussion of the transition to a new management and program execution process through use of a National Contractor Team will also be presented along with the new revised schedule for the overall program.

Wierzbanowski, Ted↗

DOE OSTI2026

RH-TRU Waste Streams: HFDA Crucibles Create New Complex Waste Stream

This project focuses on the removal of the Hot Fuel Dissolution Apparatus (HFDA) crucibles from the Hot Fuel Examination Facility’s (HFEF) hot cells to create space for upcoming projects. The project team has created a crucible and pyro-salt non-debris waste stream that can be disposed of at Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). Chemical Compatibility Examinations (CCEs) must be performed on candidate waste by reviewing the types of chemicals used in the experiments, information found in INL Process Knowledge Summary Reports (PKSRs), and Environmental Protection Agency guides on chemical compatibility. The CCEs identify which chemicals can be safely combined to ensure adverse reactions do not occur in the waste packages. The CCEs are then used to update the PKSR, Basis of Knowledge, and Acceptable Knowledge documents and demonstrate compliance with the WIPP Waste Acceptance Criteria. Once documents are finalized, they are reviewed and approved by the WIPP Central Characterization Project (CCP) to ensure proper waste stream characterization. After the documents are approved, the crucibles can be packaged and shipped to the Idaho Nuclear Technical and Engineering Center for storage awaiting certification. CCP will certify the waste using the approved documents and a series of confirmatory testing before being shipped and disposed in WIPP’s deep geological repository. Currently, the CCE is in progress and the PKSRs are being updated.

Basis of Knowledge↗

DOE OSTI2010

EURONU WP6 2009 yearly report: Update of the physics potential of Nufact, superbeams and betabeams

Many studies in the last ten years have shown that we can measure the unknown angle $\theta_{13}$, discover leptonic CP violation and determine the neutrino hierarchy in more precise neutrino oscillation experiments, searching for the subleading channel $\nu_{e} \leftrightarrow \nu_{\mu}$ in the atmospheric range. In this first report of WP6 activities the following new results are reviewed: (1) Re-evaluation of the physics reach of the upcoming generation of experiments to measure $\theta_{13}$ and $\delta$; (2) New tools to explore a larger parameter space as needed beyond the standard scenario; (3) Neutrino Factory: (a) evaluation of the physics reach of a Nufact regards sterile neutrinos; (b) evaluation of the physics reach of a Nufact as regards non-standard interactions; (c) evaluation of the physics reach of a Nufact as regards violation of unitarity; (d) critical assessment on long baseline $\tau$-detection at Nufact; (e) new physics searches at a near detector in a Nufact; (4) $\beta$-beams: (a) choice of ions and location for a $\gamma$ = 100 CERN-based $\beta$-beam; (b) re-evaluation of atmospheric neutrino background for the $\gamma$ = 100 $\beta$-beam scenario; (c) study of a two baseline $\beta$-beam; (d) measuring absolute neutrino mass with Beta beams; (e) progress on monochromatic $\beta$-beams; (5) Update of the physics potential of the SPL super-beam. Eventually, we present an updated comparison of the sensitivity to $\theta_{13}$, $\delta$ and the neutrino mass hierarchy of several of the different proposed facilities.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2025

SiC cladding R&D execution plan

To advance the development of accident-tolerant fuel cladding for light-water reactors, the Advanced Fuels Campaign actively addresses the R&D gap between the specialized technological progress in SiC-based composite materials, led by industrial partners, and the fundamental scientific understanding of material behavior under reactor operating conditions. The laboratory activities are systematically organized based on the Development Strategy document, which outlines critical barriers to the use of SiC composites in nuclear energy applications for the coming decade and beyond. To complement the strategy, this execution plan specifies a detailed year-by-year work package and establishes key milestones for assessing progress in technological advancement. This plan has been formulated in collaboration with principal investigators at national laboratories, stakeholders, and industry partners with the goal of closing technology gaps and readying SiC-based cladding technologies for full-scale commercial testing. The research conducted at the national laboratories is categorized into three primary subjects: (1) addressing challenges associated with the performance of SiC cladding under normal operating environments, (2) identifying the failure limits of SiC cladding under accident conditions, and (3) modeling fuel performance for SiC cladding systems. Comprehensive laboratory activities integrate the development of advanced modeling tools for SiC-based cladding systems with experimental validation via integrated testing of multiphysics phenomena. This document lays out the laboratory plan to support the development of SiC-based technologies, which have the potential for significant operational and safety benefits for the U.S. nuclear industry. This plan aligns with industry developer needs, relevant Nuclear Energy University Programs, and Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Programs to ensure SiC cladding technologies are matured as efficiently as possible and will be maintained and updated to accommodate the dynamically evolving progress of development, capability needs, and resource availability.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2019

Panel Session 62: Progress on Deep Repository Programs Around the World

This panel session focused on the progress of deep repository programs, worldwide. While efforts on a deep geological repository for SNF/UNF and HLW in the USA were terminated in 2010, several other repository programs continue to make considerable progress and deserve to be recognized. Panelists were invited from national, multi-national, and international repository programs and organizations to report upon the status and future as well as the perceived reasons underlying the success and the failure of components of their respective repository program. This panel provided a forum for interested parties to present, exchange, and take advantage of, as appropriate, repository progress, challenges, concepts/designs and other lessons learned around the world, including site characterization, site selection, research and development, licensing, construction, operation, and public acceptance and participation. Presentations proposed include: 1 - Cigeo (French Deep Geological Repository Project) update 2018 (Daniel Delort, Andra (France)); 2 - Progress on Deep Geological Repository Programs Around the World (Bruce McKirdy, Radioactive Waste Management (United Kingdom)); 3 - Geological disposal facility in Belgium (Didier Leonard, ONDRAF/NIRAS (Belgium))

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2017

Evolution of Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion (MagLIF) Targets

Here, the magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF) experimental campaign conducted at the University of Rochester’s Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) has evolved significantly since its start in 2014. Scientific requirements and OMEGA EP system technology both have progressed, resulting in necessary and available updates to the target design. These include, but are not limited to: optimizing target dimensions and aspect ratios to maximize survival at desired pressures; coating target components to enhance physics diagnosis; precision-machining diagnostic windows along the axis of the target; improving fiducial placement reproducibility and reducing subsequent assembly time by 50%; and implementing gas-pressure transducers on the targets. In addition, target fabrication techniques have changed and improved, allowing for simpler target reproducibility and decreased assembly time. To date, eleven variations of targets have been fabricated, with successful target fielding ranging from 1 to 20atm internal pressure and a maximum survivability of 33atm.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2013

Management of the decommissioning of the Thetis reactor

The Thetis research reactor on the site of the Nuclear Sciences Institute of the Ghent University has been in operation from 1967 until December 2003. This light-water moderated graphite-reflected low-enriched uranium pool-type reactor has been used for various purposes e.g. the production of radioisotopes and activation analyses. During the first years its core power was 15 kW. In the early '70, a core enlargement allowed for operation at typically 150 kW, while the maximum was allowed to be 250 kW In September 2007, Ghent University entrusted to SCK-CEN the management of the back-end of the spent fuel and the decommissioning of the reactor. In 2010, the spent fuel was removed from the reactor and transported to Belgoprocess for cementation in 400 l drums and interim storage awaiting final disposal. This activity allows tackling the decommissioning of the reactor. The objective is to complete its decommissioning by the end of 2014. In the framework of the decommissioning of the Thetis reactor, SCK-CEN set-up the final decommissioning plan and the decommissioning licensing file. These documents include among others a radiological inventory of the reactor. The graphite moderator blocks, the control and the safety pates, the liner of the pool were modeled to assess the activation products (isotopic vector and intensity). At the end of the unloading of the reactor in 2010 a brief mapping of the equipment's and internals of the reactor pool was performed. In 2012, we realized a more detailed mapping. These results confirmed those performed earlier and allowed to confirm the assumptions made in the final decommissioning plan. We set-up the terms of reference for the first decommissioning phase of the reactor namely the dismantling of the reactor i.e. reactor pool, circuits and rabbit system, equipment's and ventilation ducts. The removal of asbestos is also included into this phase. We conducted the selection process and the awarding of this decommissioning job. We gained the decommissioning license in May 2012. We also prepared the software tool allowing managing the decommissioning project by updating the inventory and recording the progress, the characterization measurements and the material and waste production. This software allows also to trace all the material streams and to report to the Authorities. This software is a simplified release of the ones developed by SCK-CEN in the framework of other decommissioning projects like BR3 and Belgonucleaire. The dismantling of the reactor i.e. reactor pool, circuits and rabbit system, will be performed in 2013. In 2014, it is planned to map all the surfaces of the infrastructure to highlight residual contamination of floor, walls and ceiling. The contaminated surfaces will be decontaminated and controlled. The objective is to reach the free release of the reactor building and laboratories by the end of 2014. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2014

Update of the used fuel disposition Campaign Implementation Plan

This Campaign Implementation Plan provides summary level detail describing how the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign (UFDC) supports achievement of the overarching mission and objectives of the Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy Fuel Cycle Technologies Program The implementation plan begins with the assumption of target dates that are set out in the January 2013 DOE Strategy for the Management and Disposal of Used Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste (http://energy.gov/downloads/strategy-management-and-disposal-used-nuclear-fuel-and-high-level-radioactive-waste). These target dates and goals are summarized in section III. This implementation plan will be maintained as a living document and will be updated as needed in response to progress in the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign and the Fuel Cycle Technologies Program.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2023

NOW-23: The 2023 National Offshore Wind Data Set

17 WIND ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2024

SpinQuest in 10 Minutes

The SpinQuest experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory uses a 120 GeV proton beam from the Main Injector, incident upon transversely polarized protons and deuterons using $NH_3$ and $ND_3$ targets, respectively. SpinQuest will perform the first measurement of the Sivers asymmetry in Drell-Yan $pp$ and $pd$ scattering from sea quarks, thereby contributing to the world data to extract the Sivers function for the light sea quarks. This function describes the correlation between the momentum direction of the struck quark and the spin of its parent nucleon. A non-vanishing Sivers function for the sea quarks is evidence that there is sea quark orbital angular momentum (OAM). There are additional opportunities to study transverse-spin effects with the SpinQuest experiment, particularly the transverse single-spin asymmetry (TSSA) in $ J/\psi $ production. An update on the current status and progress of the experiment will be given.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2025

Current Progress on the High-Field Cable Testing Facility at Fermilab

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) is constructing a new High Field Vertical Magnet Test Facility (HFVMTF) with capabilities comparable to the European facilities EDIPO and FRESCA2. The facility, located at Fermilab, will feature a background magnetic field of 15 T, generated by a magnet provided by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). The HFVMTF will support two U.S. national programs under the DOE Office of Science: the U.S. Fusion Energy Science (FES) program and the Magnet Development Program (MDP). It will enable the testing of HTS samples in high magnetic fields across a wide range of temperatures and facilitate the development of hybrid magnets combining LTS and HTS superconductors. This paper presents an overview of the current progress in constructing the facility, including updates on the test cryostat, power supplies, and systems for quench protection and monitoring.

Velev, G. [Fermilab]↗

DOE OSTI2023

NOW-23: the 2023 National Offshore Wind Data Set

In this report, we present the latest wind resource data specifically tailored for offshore regions in the United States. The data set, known as the 2023 National Offshore Wind data set (NOW-23), has been developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and its partners, and surpasses the previous resource data set, the Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit, which was released approximately ten years ago, in its offshore component. The WIND Toolkit has been widely utilized by stakeholders involved in wind resource assessments across the continental United States. However, with significant advancements in numerical weather prediction modeling over the past decade, the NOW-23 data set incorporates the latest research and development progress to provide stakeholders with an updated and cutting-edge resource for offshore wind analysis. The NOW-23 data set is created using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and its output is available, as for its predecessor, at 5-minute time resolution and 2-kilometer horizontal spatial resolution. However, the NOW-23 data set improves upon the WIND Toolkit through: 1. A modeling period of at least 20 years (and as long as 23 years in selected regions), starting in 2000 (compared to the 7-year 2007–2013 modeling period in the WIND Toolkit). 2. For several offshore regions, a region-specific sensitivity analysis, driven by an ensemble of WRF simulations, to assess the most adequate region-specific WRF setup. 3. An updated WRF model, from Version 3.4 used in the WIND Toolkit to Version 4.2.1 used for the NOW-23 data set, which incorporates significant research advancements. 4. The use of the state-of-the-art reanalysis product ERA5 (which supersedes the older ERA-Interim used in the WIND Toolkit) to provide atmospheric forcing at the WRF domain boundaries. Figure 1 shows the NOW-23 mean wind speed at 160 m above sea level (asl), which we use as proxy for hub-height of a commercial offshore wind turbine in this report across all regions.

17 WIND ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2025

Status of the International Linear Collider

This paper is not a proposal for a CERN future project but provides information on the International Linear Collider (ILC) considered for Japan in order to facilitate the European Strategy discussion in a global context. It describes progress to date, ongoing engineering studies, updated cost estimate for the machine at $\sqrt{s}=250~\rm GeV$ and the situation in Japan. The physics of the ILC is not presented here, but jointly for all Linear Collider projects in a separate document ``A Linear Collider Vision for the Future of Particle Physics'' submitted for the forthcoming European Strategy deliberations.

Abe, Y. [KEK, Tsukuba]↗

NASA NTRS2003

Orbital Space Plane (OSP) Program at Lockheed Martin

Lockheed Martin has been an active participant in NASA's Space Launch Initiative (SLI) programs over the past several years. SLI, part of NASA's Integrated Space Transportation Plan (ISTP), was restructured in November 2002 to focus the overall theme of safer, more affordable space transportation along two paths the Orbital Space Plane (OSP) and the Next Generation Launch Technology programs. The Orbital Space Plane program has the goal of providing rescue capability from the International Space Station by 2008 or earlier and transfer capability for crew (and contingency cargo) by 2012. The Next Generation Launch Technology program is combining research and development efforts from the 2d Generation Reusable Launch Vehicle (2GRLV) program with cutting-edge, advanced space transportation programs (previously designated 31d Generation) into one program aimed at enabling safe, reliable, cost-effective reusable launch systems by the middle of the next decade. Lockheed Martin is one of three prime contractors working to bring Orbital Space Plane system concepts to a system design level of maturity by December 2003. This paper and presentation will update the aerospace community on the progress of the OSP program, from an industry perspective, and provide insights into Lockheed Martin's role in enabling the vision of a safer, more affordable means of taking people to and from space.

Ford, Robert↗