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At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1973

Preparation of urban land use inventories by machine processing of ERTS MSS data

Spectral classes of urban phenomena identified from Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) multispectral scanner data in Milwaukee included suburban inner city, industry, grassy (open area), road, wooded suburb, water cloud, and shadow. The Milwaukee spectral class statistics were used to classify the Chicago area, within the same ERTS frame, and similar results were achieved. In another ERTS frame, Marion County (Indianapolis) data were classified into similar classes. The Marion County ERTS study was supported by a land use classification of an area near downtown Indianapolis that utilized 12-band MSS data collected by aircraft from 3000 feet. The results of the ERTS analyses suggest that satellite data will be a useful tool for the urban planner for monitoring urban land use.

Todd, W.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Management of natural resources through automatic cartographic inventory

The author has identified the following significant results. Over those parts of the ARNICA test site where ERTS-1 data were available, the search for correspondences between images and ground truth acquired by the vegetation and geology maps was quite positive. The probability of recognition of soil use types can be estimated at: (1) 100% for water plans, rivers, canals, swamplands, and wetlands; (2) 80%-100% for the major types of forestry, farmland zones, moorlands and pasturelands, and urbanization; (3) 20%-50% for communication lines; (4) 60%-80% for forestry species and organization of agricultural areas; (5) 40%-60% for finer discrimination between forest types and more accurate identification of cultivations; (6) 60%-90% for major geological features. These percentages will be improved upon as soon as it is possible to use the repetitive imagery. An early use of automatic cartography using ERTS-1 imagery was made possible for pine forests in the Central Pyrenees, the densitometric signature of which were particularly significant. Important observations were made in related fields of water resources, snow survey, estuary dynamics, and meteorology.

Rey, P.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Inventory and monitoring of natural vegetation and related resources in an arid environment: A comparative evaluation of ERTS-1 imagery

The author has identified the following significant results. A comparative evaluation of an ERTS-1 MSS color reconstitution and an Apollo 6 and Gemini 4 color photograph for information content was conducted. A greater variety of image detail was indicated for the Apollo 6 imagery. A study of terrain feature variable-vegetation relationships has been concluded. However, there were no substantial differences among space photo types when macrorelief classes were interpreted. Vegetation distribution is influenced in varying degrees by characteristics of the terrain, some of which are quite apparent on ERTS-1 imagery and, therefore, provide the means for inferring possible vegetation types for a specified location. Spectral signatures have been determined for some natural vegetation systems from the ERTS-1 MSS data. Those signatures have been used to classify ERTS-1 data for a portion of the study area. Work continues on multistage sampling for natural vegetation, terrain feature identification of ERTS-1 photographs, plant phenology, and spectral signature studies.

Schrumpf, B. J.↗
NASA NTRS1973

ERTS data user investigation to develop a multistage forest sampling inventory system

The author has identified the following significant results. A unique digital timber volume estimation system was developed for use with the MSS CCT tapes. The system was tested on a 64-square mile area in Northern California's Trinity Alps. The outcome of a systematic experiment, in which several possible combinations of bands 5 and 7 and a contrast measure were tried, showed that an estimated gain in precision of 50% can be obtained in a multistage sampling design. The difference between bands 5 and 7 proved to be of special importance for the estimation of biomass in the form of timber volume. In addition, an interpretation model for high flight U2 photographs was developed. A maximum multiple correlation coefficient of 0.74 was obtained for the regression model, explaining 55% of the variation in timber volume as estimated from aerial photos and ground measurments. An interpretation model for MSS color composites is in the testing stage.

Langley, P. G.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Evaluation of ERTS-1 data applications to geologic mapping, structural analysis and mineral resource inventory of South America with special emphasis on the Andes Mountain region

The author has identified the following significant results. ERTS-1 data is ideally suited for small-scale geologic mapping and structural analysis of remote, inaccessible areas such as the Andes of South America. The synoptic view of large areas, low sun-angle and multispectral nature of the images provide the right ingredients for improving existing geologic and other maps of the regions. In most areas it has been possible to compile geologic, drainage, and cultural interpretive overlays to individual scenes mainly using MSS bands 4, 5, and 7. A test image mosaic using MSS band 6 is being compiled for Test Area 7 (La Paz, Bolivia). It will be at a scale of 1:1,000,000 and cover 4 x 6 degrees of latitude and longitude and will serve as a compilation base on which to join the overlays. Repetitive data shows changes in river channels and sedimentation plumes, changes in lake shorelines, and surface moisture distribution. Vegetation and snow line changes in the Andes have been recognized. A year of seasonal data, however, has not yet been acquired due to tape recorder failure.

Carter, W. D.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Application and evaluation of ERTS color composites for natural resources inventory

The author has identified the following significant results. Bolivia is participating the Earth Resources Technology Satellite Program. Within this program many interesting sets of images were received which were evaluated in the Bolivian ERTS Program. One of the images was obtained in color of the central part of the Bolivian Altiplano. The color composite and black and white images were compared in order to evaluate which class of ERTS-1 product furnishes more information about specific topics. It was found that the color composites give far more information, about 50% more data, in hydrology, geomorphology, vulcanism, geology, soils, and vegetation than can be obtained from black and white images of the same scene. For this reason, the project is processing with preference color composites of the whole country.

Brockmann, C. E.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Inventory of forest and rangeland and detection of forest stress

The author has identified the following significant results. Eucalyptus tree stands killed by low temperatures in December 1972 were outlined by image enhancement of two separate dates of ERTS-1 images (January 22, 1973-I.D. 1183-18175 and April 22, 1973-I.D. 1273-18183). Three stands larger than 500 meters in size were detected very accurately. In Colorado, range and grassland communities were analyzed by visual interpretation of color composite scene I.D. 1028-17135. It was found that mixtures of plant litter, amount and kind of bare soil, and plant foliage cover made classification of grasslands very difficult. Changes in forest land use were detected on areas as small as 5 acres when ERTS-1 color composite scene 1264-15445 (April 13, 1973) was compared with 1966 ASCS index mosaics (scale 1:60,000). Verification of the changes were made from RB-57 underflight CIR transparencies (scale 1:120,000).

Heller, R. C.↗