High-energy gamma rays, cosmic-ray electrons, and the far-infrared background radiation.
Inverse compton scattering of far IR background radiation proposed as explanation of high energy gamma ray flux
Shen, C. S.↗
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The diffuse component of cosmic X-rays and the 8.3 K galactic blackbody radiation
Diffuse cosmic X rays produced by Compton scattering of far IR radiation on cosmic ray electrons
Oconnell, R. F.↗
Cosmic X rays and gamma rays
Diffuse cosmic X and gamma ray spectrum analysis, considering implications for Compton scattering models in intergalactic space
Ipavich, F. M.↗
Radiation beaming in pulsars
Pulsar radiation beaming due to strong magnetic field, computing Compton scattering and opacity
Canuto, V.↗
Production of gamma rays in the crab nebula pulsar
The gamma-ray flux at energies above 50 MeV from NP0532 is evaluated for a pulsar model in which the optical and X-radiation is produced by synchrotron effect. Synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton scattering are considered as production mechanisms of the gamma-rays. The theoretical estimates are compared with the experimental values.
Treves, A.↗
Spectral structure of the diffuse X-ray sky
A description of diffuse celestial X-ray flux is drawn from data taken by rocket borne detectors. It was concluded that the diffuse flux is intra- and extra-galactic in origin and is caused by Compton scattering of .052 rad black body photons of relativistic electrons leaking out of the galaxies.
Boldt, E. A.↗
Extragalactic X-ray sources.
The extended X-ray sources associated with the Virgo, Perseus, and Coma clusters of galaxies can best be explained as a result of the Compton scattering of relativistic electrons (generated in the radio sources which are present in each of these clusters) on the microwave background radiation. The same physical process involving microwave infrared or optical photons generated in the nuclei of active galaxies may account for the more compact X-ray sources. Thermal bremsstrahlung of hot gas in clusters of galaxies is a less likely source of X-rays.
Brecher, K.↗
Analyses of the gamma-ray pulse-height spectra from the lunar surface
The method of inferring photon spectra from an analysis of the measured pulse-height spectrum is considered along with the spectrum shape and its variation energy. The case is examined where photoelastic absorption predominates, and Compton scattering and pair production are negligible. The analytic method for obtaining the elemental composition from the observed lunar surface spectrum is described, and theoretical and calculated weight fraction fluxes for average lunar composition are tabulated.
Trombka, J. I.↗
On Compton models of the isotropic X-ray background.
Investigation of the compatibility of recent X-ray background energy flux observations with Compton models of the isotropic X-ray background. It is shown that the spectral shape of the X-ray flux arising from Compton scattering of fast electrons on the microwave background radiation, contrary to a recent assertion, is not inconsistent with recent observations of the isotropic X-ray background.
Brecher, K.↗
Transition radiation in astrophysics.
Transition radiation produced by relativistic electrons traversing cosmic grains is investigated as a possible source of celestial X rays. The detailed theory of transition radiation including the formation-zone effect is used to calculate the X-ray emissivity in interstellar space. It is found that the largest contribution of transition radiation to the observed X-ray emission from the galactic disk is at about 2 keV, where less than about 0.3% of the observed emissivity is due to transition radiation. At higher energies transition radiation is strongly suppressed by the formation-zone effect, while at lower energies the observed emissivity increases much faster with decreasing energy than does transition radiation. Transition radiation is also compared with bremsstrahlung, synchrotron emission, and Compton scattering. The comparison with synchrotron emission and bremsstrahlung relates X-ray production by transition radiation to radio emission and to approximately 100-MeV gamma-ray production, respectively.
Yodh, G. B.↗
Extragalactic X-ray sources.
A review is given of the physical properties of extragalactic X-ray sources. The generation of X rays as thermal bremsstrahlung, by the synchrotron mechanism or by Compton scattering, is discussed. It is shown that each may be important depending on the circumstances. Only more detailed observations will enable us to decide which process dominates in any given source.
Burbidge, G. R.↗
The astrophysics of the diffuse background of X-rays and gamma rays
The orgin of diffuse X-ray and gamma ray background and some of the astrophysical implications of such a radiation background are discussed. Data show that gamma and X-rays come from thermal bremsstrahlung, neutral pion decay, and compton scattering of thermal protons. The range of energies studied extend from approximately 10 0 eV to approximately 10 to the 8th power eV.
Cowsik, R.↗
Gamma ray astrophysics
Gamma ray production processes are reviewed, including Compton scattering, synchrotron radiation, bremsstrahlung interactions, meson decay, nucleon-antinucleon annihilations, and pion production. Gamma ray absorption mechanisms through interactions with radiation and with matter are discussed, along with redshifts and gamma ray fluxes.
Stecker, F. W.↗
The liquid-xenon Compton telescope - A new technique for gamma-ray astronomy
We propose a new technique for gamma-ray astronomy in the difficult but important energy decade from 0.3 to 3.0 MeV. Cosmic gamma rays Compton scatter in a liquid-xenon wire proportional chamber recently developed at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (Derenzo, et al., 1972; Muller, et al., 1971) and then are totally absorbed in a second chamber. The energy and position of each interaction is recorded for each gamma ray. This information determines a circle on the celestial sphere which must intersect the source position. A localized source of gamma-rays would show itself as the intersection of many such circles. We expect to locate sources to a fraction of a square degree in a balloon-borne sky survey experiment using an instrument with a one steradian acceptance.
Dauber, P. M.↗
The extended X-ray source in Virgo and its relation to M87
Spectral data in the 0.2-1.6 keV range are presented for the extended X-ray source in the Virgo cluster. When combined with Uhuru data, the simplest function which fits the composite spectrum from 0.2 to 10 keV is one describing bremsstrahlung from an isothermal plasma at 36 million deg K. Production of the X-rays by inverse compton scattering is also considered, and models relating the X-ray source to M87 are discussed.
Catura, R. C.↗
Energy loss of relativistic electrons and positrons traversing cosmic matter
Questions of adiabatic expansion are considered along with aspects of Compton scattering, bremsstrahlung, electronic excitation, synchrotron radiation, and electron-positron pair production. It is found that, unless the intergalactic magnetic field is very small, synchrotron radiation will dominate all other energy loss processes at ultrahigh electron and positron energies. The dependence of the loss rates on the cosmic epoch is also discussed.
Gould, R. J.↗
Formation of hard X-ray tails
X-ray observations of Cygnus X-1 have shown a power-law spectrum. A natural way that this spectrum might arise is discussed. Inverse Compton scattering of a soft photon flux in a very hot accretion disk, kTe at approximately 100 keV is a possible cause. The slope of the spectrum may vary if source conditions vary.
Eardley, D. M.↗
Gamma ray astrophysics
Gamma-ray production processes are considered, taking into account Compton scattering between cosmic-ray electrons and starlight microwave background photons, synchrotron radiation, bremsstrahlung interactions, nucleon-antinucleon annihilations, the form of the spectrum from pion production at high energies, and gamma rays from photomeson production at ultrahigh energies. Attention is also given to gamma-ray absorption mechanisms, gamma rays observed from the Galaxy, and extragalactic gamma rays.
Stecker, F. W.↗