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The NASA Commercial Crew Program (CCP) Shared Assurance Model for Safety
This presentation describes the CCP SMA approach to assuring the approved verifications of hazard controls are in place.
Enabling Space Biological Knowledge Discovery Through Image and Video Data Sharing
Increased biomedical risks and challenges associated with deep space missions and experiments (cis-Lunar, Mars transit/surface) require new knowledge discovery and development of novel ecosystems. Supporting distant and long-duration missions and experiments requires biological data (from yeast, microbes, fruit flies, C. elegans, plants, crops, rodents, humans) be findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR), and maximally open-access. As data-intensive, bioinformatic, meta-analytical, and computer-assisted approaches continue to be a centerpiece of modern research, the NASA Biological and Physical Sciences division is expanding its Open Science capabilities beyond NASA GeneLab. The NASA Ames Life Sciences Data Archive (ALSDA) is a repository which is responsible for collecting and access to space biological imagery and video, alongside tabular and environmental data. In this presentation, we will discuss strategies dealing with archiving, curating, and accessibility of images from very distinct imaging modalities (e.g., micro-computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, photographic images of plants, fluorescence microscopy, behavioral videos, etc.). There are two main challenges: 1. Open-source data storage and 2. Metadata related to the imagery-video. Both have been solved by leveraging two existing open-source systems. For data storage, ALSDA is utilizing components through the Open Microscopy Environment (OME), which can read most imaging proprietary formats and display on a web interface complex multidimensional images (Z stack, multi-channel, temporal, spectral). Most technical metadata from imaging modalities are captured seamlessly. For metadata capturing experimental details, ALSDA (like GeneLab) uses the ISA-Tab specification which relies on the ISA data model to order and classify metadata. The ISA data model uses a tree structure with three files to capture the metadata: The top layer is the Investigations file, the second layer is the Study file(s), and the last layer is the Assay file(s). We believe such an approach may be useful for other types of image research data from other investigators in the AGU community.
Open Science for Life in Space: Data Sharing and Tools for Knowledge Discovery
Molecular-omics, physiological-phenotypic-behavioral, and environmental-radiation telemetry data from spaceflight biological and health studies are increasingly being made findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable for the scientific public. These data, as well as space science-relevant biospecimens, are available through NASA’s Open Science Data Repository (OSDR), which is the new umbrella grouping of NASA GeneLab, the Ames Life Sciences Data Archive (ALSDA), and the NASA Biological Institutional Scientific Collection (NBISC). The quality of data is underpinned by datasets having rich metadata (determined through Analysis Working Group members), processing pipelines to enable data reuse standards, and ontologies specifying terminology semantics (e.g., the Radiation Biology Ontology).
Functional Group Properties and Position Drive Differences in Xenobiotic Plant Uptake Rates, but Metabolism Shares a Similar Pathway
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Self excitation of a regular magnetic field in the presence of a two dimensional convection in a rotating gravitating sphere <o smobozbuzhdenii regulyarnogo magnitnogo polya pri dvumernoy konvektsii vo vrashchayemseya gravitiruyushchem share<
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Magnetohydrodynamic properties of a two-dimensional turbulence in a rotating sphere <magnitogidrodinamicheskiye svoystva dvumernoy turbulentnosti vo vrashchayushchemsya share<
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Optimal speed sharing characteristics of a series-hybrid bearing
A series-hybrid bearing assembly consisting of a conical hydrostatic fluid-film bearing and a ball bearing is described. Computer studies are used to predict friction torque and life characteristics of a 150-millimeter ball bearing. A conical hydrostatic fluid-film bearing is designed for minimum friction and maximum speed reduction of the ball-bearing component of the series-hydrid bearing. At a thrust load of 4000 pounds and speeds corresponding to DN (bearing bore in millimeters times shaft speed in rpm) values of 3 and 4 million, ball-bearing speed may be reduced by 30 percent. This speed reduction corresponds to ball-bearing fatigue life improvement factors of 3.4 at 3 million DN and 5.9 at 4 million DN. An oil flow rate of 18.2 pounds per minute is required to maintain a fluid-film thickness of 0.001 inch in the hydrostatic bearing.
Orbital and frequency sharing between the broadcasting-satellite service and the fixed-satellite service.
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Optimal speed sharing characteristics of a series-hybrid bearing.
A series-hybrid bearing assembly consisting of a conical hydrostatic fluid-film bearing and a ball bearing is described. Computer studies are used to predict friction torque and life characteristics of a 150-mm ball bearing. A conical hydrostatic fluid-film bearing is designed for minimum friction and maximum speed reduction of the ball-bearing component of the series-hybrid bearing. At a thrust load of 4000 lb and speeds corresponding to DN (bearing bore in millimeters times shaft speed in rpm) values of 3 and 4 million, ball-bearing speed may be reduced to 30%. This speed reduction corresponds to ball-bearing fatigue life improvement factors of 3.4 at 3 million DN and 5.9 at 4 million DN. An oil flow rate at 18.2 lb/min is required to maintain a fluid-film thickness of 0.001 in. in the hydrostatic bearing.
Second-guessing technique for stochastic linear regulator problems with delayed information sharing
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Building a computer-aided design capability using a standard time share operating system
The paper describes how an integrated system of engineering computer programs can be built using a standard commercially available operating system. The discussion opens with an outline of the auxiliary functions that an operating system can perform for a team of engineers involved in a large and complex task. An example of a specific integrated system is provided to explain how the standard operating system features can be used to organize the programs into a simple and inexpensive but effective system. Applications to an aircraft structural design study are discussed to illustrate the use of an integrated system as a flexible and efficient engineering tool. The discussion concludes with an engineer's assessment of an operating system's capabilities and desirable improvements.
User-oriented time-shared on-line system
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Automatic load sharing in inverter modules
Active feedback loads transistor equally with little power loss. Circuit is suitable for balancing modular inverters in spacecraft, computer power supplies, solar-electric power generators, and electric vehicles. Current-balancing circuit senses differences between collector current for power transistor and average value of load currents for all power transistors. Principle is effective not only in fixed duty-cycle inverters but also in converters operating at variable duty cycles.
Sharing the 620-790 MHz band allocated to terrestrial television with an audio-bandwidth social service satellite system
A study was carried out to identify the optimum uplink and downlink frequencies for audio-bandwidth channels for use by a satellite system distributing social services. The study considered functional-user-need models for five types of social services and identified a general baseline system that is appropriate for most of them. Technical aspects and costs of this system and of the frequency bands that it might use were reviewed, leading to the identification of the 620-790 MHz band as a perferred candidate for both uplink and downlink transmissions for nonmobile applications. The study also led to some ideas as to how to configure the satellite system.
Carrier-interference ratios for frequency sharing between frequency-modulated amplitude-modulated-vestigial-sideband television systems
For just perceptible interference, an FM television signal interfering with another FM television signal must have an average signal power that is 26 to 37 db less than the wanted signal power. For an AM-VSB television signal interfering with an FM television signal, the AM-VSB television's sync peak average power must be 18 to 31 db below the FM television signal's average power. Also, when an FM television signal interferes with an AM-VSB signal, the average signal power of the FM signal should be 56 to 59 db below the sync peak average power of the AM-VSB television signal. The range of power ratios occur as a result of different TV scenes used in the tests and different FM-signal frequency deviations used. All tests were performed using 525 line, system M, color-television signals.
Carrier: Interference ratios for frequency sharing between satellite systems transmitting frequency modulated and digital television signals
Results are presented of subjective and quantitative tests describing the results of interference to a particular digital television system from a frequency modulated (FM) television system, and for interference to an FM television system from a digital television system.
Time-sharing switch for vacuum brazing
Switching unit changes power and cooling-water connections between two vacuum-brazing machines. It allows both units to be powered by single radio-frequency (RF) generator. One machine can be used for brazing while bell jar of other is being evacuated (20 minute process) in preparation for brazing or is being cooled after brazing (10 minute process).