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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 307 records · Page 17

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

NASA NTRS1971

Integrated mission management operations

Operations required to launch a modular space station and to provides sustaining ground operations for support of that orbiting station throughout its 10 year mission are studied. A baseline, incrementally manned program and attendent experiment program options are derived. In addition, features of the program that significantly effect initial development and early operating costs are identified, and their impact on the program is assessed. A preliminary design of the approved modular space station configuration is formulated.

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NASA NTRS1977

Global atmospheric sampling program

Automated instruments were installed on a commercial B-747 aircraft, during the program, to obtain baseline data and to monitor key atmospheric constituents associated with emissions of aircraft engines in order to determine if aircraft are contributing to pollution of the upper atmosphere. Data thus acquired on a global basis over the commercial air routes for 5 to 10 years will be analyzed. Ozone measurements in the 29,000 to 45,000 foot altitude were expanded over what has been available from ozonesondes. Limited aerosol composition measurements from filter samples show low levels of sulfates and nitrates in the upper troposphere. Recently installed instruments for measurement of carbon monoxide and condensation nuclei are beginning to return data.

Lezberg, E. A.↗

NASA NTRS1989

Composite sizing and ply orientation for stiffness requirements using a large finite element structural model

A NASTRAN bulk dataset preprocessor was developed to facilitate the integration of filamentary composite laminate properties into composite structural resizing for stiffness requirements. The NASCOMP system generates delta stiffness and delta mass matrices for input to the flutter derivative program. The flutter baseline analysis, derivative calculations, and stiffness and mass matrix updates are controlled by engineer defined processes under an operating system called CBUS. A multi-layered design variable grid system permits high fidelity resizing without excessive computer cost. The NASCOMP system uses ply layup drawings for basic input. The aeroelastic resizing for stiffness capability was used during an actual design exercise.

Radovcich, N. A.↗

NASA NTRS1990

High energy-density liquid rocket fuel performance

A fuel performance database of liquid hydrocarbons and aluminum-hydrocarbon fuels was compiled using engine parametrics from the Space Transportation Engine Program as a baseline. Propellant performance parameters are introduced. General hydrocarbon fuel performance trends are discussed with respect to hydrogen-to-carbon ratio and heat of formation. Aluminum-hydrocarbon fuel performance is discussed with respect to aluminum metal loading. Hydrocarbon and aluminum-hydrocarbon fuel performance is presented with respect to fuel density, specific impulse, and propellant density specific impulse.

Rapp, Douglas C.↗

NASA NTRS1990

High energy-density liquid rocket fuel performance

Rapp, Douglas C.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Tracking Systems to Support the Common Lunar Lander (CLL)

A discussion of the tracking system for Artemis (the Common Lunar Lander) is presented. Among the topics presented are the following: major drivers for system definition, results of vendor survey, baseline system properties, program considerations, and mission phases requiring tracking.

Culpepper, William X.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Rover/NERVA-derived near-term nuclear propulsion

FY-92 accomplishments centered on conceptual design and analyses for 25, 50, and 75 K engines with emphasis on the 50 K engine. During the first period of performance, flow and energy balances were prepared for each of these configurations and thrust-to-weight values were estimated. A review of fuel technology and key data from the Rover/NERVA program established a baseline for proven reactor performance and areas of enhancement to meet near-term goals. Studies were performed of the criticality and temperature profiles for probable fuel and moderator loadings for the three engine sizes, with a more detailed analysis of the 50 K size. During the second period of performance, analyses of the 50 K engine continued. A chamber/nozzle contour was selected and heat transfer and fatigue analyses were performed for likely construction materials. Reactor analyses were performed to determine component radiation heating rates, reactor radiation fields, water immersion poisoning requirements, temperature limits for restartability, and a tie-tube thermal analysis. Finally, a brief assessment of key enabling technologies was made, with a view toward identifying development issues and identification of the critical path toward achieving engine qualification within 10 years.

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NASA NTRS1994

Panel to review EOSDIS plans

Formed in Jan. 1992, the Panel to Review EOSDIS Plans was charged with advising NASA on its plans for developing the Earth Observing System (EOS) Data and Information System (EOSDIS). Specifically, the panel was asked to do the following: assess the validity of the engineering and technical underpinnings of the EOSDIS; assess its potential value to scientific users; suggest how technical risk can be minimized; and assess whether current plans are sufficiently resilient to be adaptable to changing technology and requirements such as budget environments, data volumes, new users, and new databases. The panel completed an interim report (Addendum A) and transmitted it to NASA and other interested parties in the government on 9 Apr. 1992. Because of a delay in NASA's plans to select the contractor for EOSDIS, the panel was not able to complete its review of the program according to the original government request. With the issuance of a letter report (Addendum B) on 28 Sep. 1992, the panel became inactive until such time as NASA could release the details of the contractor's proposed architecture, schedule, and costs for developing EOSDIS. In early 1993, NASA awarded the contract for the EOSDIS Core System (ECS). On 20 Apr. 1993, NASA asked the panel to reconvene to do the following: ( 1) complete its review of NASA's approach to the EOSDIS architecture and implementation; (2) appraise NASA's responses to the panel's previous recommendations; and (3) review the planning for EOSDIS in the context of NASA's role in the Global Change Data and Information System (GCDIS) implementation plan. To respond to the NASA charge, the panel met three times in 1993 including sessions with NASA officials and the EOSDIS contractor. In addition, several of the panel members visited individual Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAAC's) to obtain additional views of EOSDIS. The panel has now obtained substantial information on the EOSDIS budget, contractor work program, and current baseline architecture that was not previously available, due to procurement restrictions. This report presents the panel's findings and recommendations based on this additional information.

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NASA NTRS2008

Structural Materials and Fuels for Space Power Plants

A fission reactor combined with Stirling convertor power generation is one promising candidate in on-going Fission Surface Power (FSP) studies for future lunar and Martian bases. There are many challenges for designing and qualifying space-rated nuclear power plants. In order to have an affordable and sustainable program, NASA and DOE designers want to build upon the extensive foundation in nuclear fuels and structural materials. This talk will outline the current Fission Surface Power program and outline baseline design options for a lunar power plant with an emphasis on materials challenges. NASA first organized an Affordable Fission Surface Power System Study Team to establish a reference design that could be scrutinized for technical and fiscal feasibility. Previous papers and presentations have discussed this study process in detail. Considerations for the reference design included that no significant nuclear technology, fuels, or material development were required for near term use. The desire was to build upon terrestrial-derived reactor technology including conventional fuels and materials. Here we will present an overview of the reference design, Figure 1, and examine the materials choices. The system definition included analysis and recommendations for power level and life, plant configuration, shielding approach, reactor type, and power conversion type. It is important to note that this is just one concept undergoing refinement. The design team, however, understands that materials selection and improvement must be an integral part of the system development.

Bowman, Cheryl↗

NASA NTRS2010

Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer Integration and Test

Integration and test (I&T) of the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) is presented. A collaborative NASA project between Goddard Space Flight Center and Ames Research Center, LADEE's mission is to explore the low lunar orbit environment and exosphere for constituents. Its instruments include two spectrometers, a dust detector, and a laser communication technology demonstration. Although a relatively low-cost spacecraft, LADEE has I&T requirements typical of most planetary probes, such as prelaunch contamination control, sterilization, and instrument calibration. To lead to a successful mission, I&T at the spacecraft, instrument, and observatory level must include step-by-step and end-to-end functional, environmental, and performance testing. Due to its compressed development schedule, LADEE I&T planning requires adjusting test flows and sequences to account for long-lead critical-path items and limited spares. A protoflight test-level strategy is also baselined. However, the program benefits from having two independent but collaborative teams of engineers, managers, and technicians that have a wealth of flight project experience. This paper summarizes the LADEE I&T planning, flow, facilities, and probe-unique processes. Coordination of requirements and approaches to I&T when multiple organizations are involved is discussed. Also presented are cost-effective approaches to I&T that are transferable to most any spaceflight project I&T program.

Wright, Michael R.↗

NASA NTRS2018

Mirror Design Study for a Segmented HabEx System

NASA is exploring telescope and mirror technology options to meet the demanding science goals of the proposed HabEx space telescope. A key priority for the HabEx mission concept would be to leverage affordable telescope solutions that can meet challenging telescope performance requirements with a demanding program timeline. The baseline approach for HabEx is to use an unobscured, monolithic primary mirror with a coronagraph to optimize system performance. NASA is performing an initial study to investigate the feasibility of a HabEx Lite concept which would not leverage a coronagraph and would therefore, have lower exoEarth yield as a consequence, but could provide system mass, cost, and schedule advantages. The HabEx Lite concept leverages replicated, ULE® mirror segments to provide an attractive, alternative telescope architecture to meet the HabEx threshold mission needs. We present the initial mirror design and performance assessment for the HabEx Lite concept.

Schulz, Kevin↗

DOE OSTI2016

Comparison of CO 2 Detection Methods Tested in Shallow Groundwater Monitoring Wells at a Geological Sequestration Site

The geological storage of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is one method of reducing the amount of CO 2 released into the atmosphere. Monitoring programs typically determine baseline conditions in surface and near-surface environments before, during, and after CO 2 injection to evaluate if impacts related to injection have occurred. Because CO 2 concentrations in groundwater fluctuate naturally due to complex geochemical and geomicrobiologicalinteractions, a clear understanding of the baseline behavior of CO 2 in groundwater near injection sites is important. Numerous ways of measuring aqueous CO 2 in the field and lab are currently used, but most methods have significant shortcomings (e.g., are tedious, lengthy, have interferences, or have significant lag time before a result is determined). In this study, we examined the effectiveness of two novel CO 2 detection methods and their ability to rapidly detect CO2in shallow groundwater monitoring wells associated with the Illinois Basin –Decatur Project geological sequestration site. The CarboQC beverage carbonation meter was used to measure the concentration of CO 2 in water by monitoring temperature and pressure changes and calculating the PCO 2 from the ideal gas law. Additionally, a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) CO< sub>2 sensor enclosed in a gas-permeable, water-impermeable membrane measured CO2by determining an equilibrium concentration. Results showed that the CarboQC method provided rapid (< 3 min) and repeatable results under field conditions within a measured concentration range of 15 –125 mg/L CO 2 . The NDIR sensor results correlated well (r 2 = 0.93) with the CarboQC data, but CO 2 equilibration required at least 15 minutes, making the method somewhat less desirable under field conditions. In contrast, NDIR-based sensors have a greater potential for long-term deployment. Both systems are adaptable to in-line groundwater sampling methods. Other specific advantages and disadvantages associated with the two approaches, and anomalies associated with specific samples, are discussed in greater detail in this poster.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2019

Scintillation Light Triggering Efficiency in MicroBooNE

The MicroBooNE Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) has been running since 2015 as part of the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program at Fermilab and is designed to contribute to address the elusive eV sterile neutrino anomaly. MicroBooNE records both the ionisation charge and scintillation light produced inside the TPC. The latter is collected through PhotoMultiplier Tubes (PMTs) and used for accurate timing and triggering. Having an accurate knowledge of the triggering efficiency at low energies is a key element for the success of MicroBooNE analyses, and the methods developed to obtain can be used by future LArTPCs, especially in the SBN program. For this reason MicroBooNE is developing a data driven method to estimate the trigger efficiency of scintillation light. The goal of this poster is to present a preliminary analysis of calculating this efficiency in MicroBooNE using cosmic ray muons. Results of this analysis will be crucial for many analyses that aim to me asure low energy interactions, and inform triggering strategies in LArTPCs in the SBN and future DUNE program.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2019

Electron-Argon Scattering Studies at Jefferson Lab

For many decades, the study of electron scattering off a nucleus has been used as a tool to probe the properties of that nucleus and its electromagnetic response. In recent years, these studies have become vital starting point in the development of neutrino-nucleus scattering physics that constitutes largest share of systematic uncertainty in the accelerator-based neutrino-oscillation experiments. With the surge of Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LArTPCs) based detectors in the short- (SBN) and long-baseline (DUNE) neutrino programs, the challenges of controlling systematics related to (anti)neutrino-argon scattering are magnified considering the isospin asymmetric nature of argon nucleus and the scarcity of electron-argon scattering studies. In light of these, an electron-argon experiment, E12-14-012, was designed at Jefferson Lab Hall A to study electron scattering on argon (N = 22) and titanium (Z = 22) nuclei using high precision continuous electron beam. The experiment collected data for ( e,e′p ) and ( e,e′ ) processes on 40 Ar, 48 Ti and 12 C targets covering a broad range of energy transfers where quasielastic scattering and delta production are the dominant reaction mechanisms. In this contribution, we present a brief overview and status of the experiment.

Pandey, Vishvas↗

DOE OSTI2020

Sectioning of NBG-17 Graphite Billet

The Advanced Reactor Technologies (ART) Baseline Graphite Characterization program at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is performing a comprehensive evaluation of inter-billet variations in as-produced nuclear-grade graphite. Before graphite test specimens are machined, the full-size billets must be pre-sectioned into sub-blocks that can be more easily handled and shipped. As manufactured, NBG-17 billets are rectangular in shape, nearly 6 feet in length, and may exceed 1,500 pounds in weight. Sectioning of these billets must be accomplished via a supplier that is capable of handling and cutting the billets into individual slabs and quartering these slabs into sub-blocks. Billets will be pre-labeled by the Purchaser prior to leaving controlled storage such that traceability of any individual sub-block is never lost during sectioning operations.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2023

CHARGED-CURRENT DOUBLE-DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTION MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRON NEUTRINOS IN LOW RECOIL REGION ON HYDROCARBON AT ∼7 GEV

Measuring neutrino mixing angles, especially the CP violation phase and mass hierarchy, is one of the priorities of the neutrino community and long baseline neutrino oscillation programs, such as T2K and NOvA, provided the most precise measurements to date. One of the dominating uncertainties of the measurements is the neutrino interaction model due to the difficulty of modeling the nuclear effects from first principles. As a result, neutrino scattering experiments such as MINERvA were conducted to provide data as input to reduce this uncertainty. This thesis presents a charged-current double-differential cross section measurement of electron neutrinos using the MINERvA detector in terms of available energy (a proxy of energy transfer), three-momentum transfer, and/or transverse momentum of the final state electron. This measurement focuses on the transition region between quasi-elastic and resonance processes, where the multi-nucleon knockout process dominates. The result is compared to a modified GENIE model and similar measurements using muon neutrino samples. In addition, this measurement reproduces the photon-like excess seen by previous MINERvA electron neutrino measurements.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2024

First Measurements of Differential Cross Sections In Kinematic Imbalance Variables With The MicroBooNE Detector

Making high-precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters requires an unprecedented understanding of neutrino-nucleus scattering. In this presentation, we present the first muon neutrino charged current double-differential cross sections in kinematic imbalance variables. These variables characterize the imbalance in the plane transverse to an incoming neutrino. We use events with a single muon above 100 MeV/c, a single final state proton above 300 MeV/c, and no recorded final state pions. Thus, these variables act as a direct probe of nuclear effects such as final state interactions, Fermi motion, and multi-nucleon processes. We also present a complementary ongoing analysis using electron neutrinos. This channel is of the utmost importance for the extraction of neutrino oscillation parameters by making high-precision measurements. Our measurements allow us to constrain systematic uncertainties associated with neutrino oscillation results performed by near-future experiments of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program, as well as by future large-scale experiments like DUNE.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2024

Reconstruction of the BNB and NuMI Neutrino Bunch Structure with ICARUS

ICARUS serves as the Far Detector of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program at Fermilab, sitting on-axis on the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) and 6$^\circ$ off-axis from the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam. Neutrinos from both beams inherit the timing sub-structure of their parent proton spills, which is in turn derived from either the Booster's or the Main Injector's synchrotron acceleration. Since neutrino propagation introduces only a constant offset, their timing structure is preserved as they travel. Identifying this structure in data represents a powerful tool for selecting neutrino events and searching for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). This poster presents the preliminary reconstruction of the BNB and NuMI neutrino bunch structure with ICARUS data, exploiting only the precise timing of ICARUS optical readout system to both locate and assign a time to each interaction.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗