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The heats of solution of silver and gold in dilute Ag-Au-Sn alloys have been determined as a function of alloy composition using liquid metal solution calorimetry. From the values obtained, the various enthalpy interaction parameters in the liquid solutions have been calculated. The results are interpreted in terms of the probably bonding changes taking place between silver, gold and tin atoms.
Spacing tinned terminal leads between two tapes of woven glass fiber that are sandwich-bonded with pliable epoxy adhesive alleviates problems of taped leads pulling away from the transformer and shorting due to crossover of wires. Individual leads may or may not be enclosed in glass-fiber sleeves.
Superconducting properties of niobium-tin alloy and large single crystal growth
Chemisorbed oxygen effect on electrical conductivity of zinc doped polycrystalline tin oxides
Cryogenic, three-terminal device yields current-voltage characteristics of ordinary transistor. Device consists of two superconducting tin rods in a crossed-wire geometry, separated by a thin gold film. New construction technique is described and possible applications are discussed.
Printed circuit board design allows for thermal stressing of the soldered joints during many thermal cycles. Components' leads should be cleaned, tinned, and freed of particles that prevent solder adherence, have a thin conformal coating, and have an air space between the coating and the body of the component.
Tin and copper provide high current and switching time capabilities for high-current resettable fuses. They show the best performance for trip current and degree of reliability, and have low coefficients of thermal expansion.
Quantitative determination of nitrogen in titanium nitride involves dissolution of TiN in 10M hydrofluoric acid containing an oxidant. Released nitrogen is determined as ammonia. Best oxidizers are ferric chloride, potassium iodate, and potassium dichromate.
Test conditions and results are reported for various coatings on a 1 percent zirconium columbium alloy at a temperature of 2000 deg F. Molybdenum silicide over molybdenum is most effective coating, tin-aluminum coating is adequately protective, chromium-molybdenum silicides are not protective.
Tensile properties of irradiated titanium, aluminum, and tin alloy at cryogenic temperature
Electron shielding and bremsstrahlung energy spectra for tin, gold, and silver
Dissociation energy of gaseous TiN molecule at high temperature
Superconducting effects on alpha particle differential energy loss in tin, vanadium, and lead superconductors
Investigation of soldered component failure in plated printed circuit boards consisting of tinned laminate copper, plated copper, and gold overplate
Electrical characteristics of thin films of tin vapor deposited on gold substrates are described. Favorable characteristics of these films include: (1) shiny and smooth finishes; (2) higher Josephson critical currents; (3) smaller electronic mean paths; and (4) consistent current-voltage curve shapes. One unfavorable characteristic is a much steeper increase of the Josephson critical current with decreasing temperature. The functional variation of the Josephson current with the control current is described. Two functional forms have been observed and a brief description as to possible mechanisms for this behavior have been included.
Fabrication of a miniature gas chromatograph column using integrated circuit technology was studied and found to be feasible. A bonding problem of forming a strong, gas tight seal between two wafers of silicon has prevented the completion of the column design. Continuing research using tin or a chromium-gold bond promises to overcome the problems of using the proposed gold-eutectic bond. Specifications for the miniature gas chromatograph column are: a spiral capillary column of semi-circular cross section, 30 micron radius, and a total length of 6.9 meters etched into a silicon structure 50 mm in diameter and 0.625 mm thick.
A summary and updating of previous work on the use of radiation chemistry for the preparation of pure materials are presented. Work was chiefly concerned with the reduction of metal salts in solution to the free metal using 2 MeV electrons. Metals deposited from aqueous solution are copper, silver, zinc, cadmium, thallium, tin, lead, antimony, iron, nickel, cobalt, and palladium. Dry organic solvents were evaluated for the deposition of metals based on a study involving deposition of antimony from soltions of antimony (III) chloride. The use of organic liquids for the preparation of anhydrous metal halides is also presented. Reaction mechanisms for both organic liquids and aqueous system are discussed.
Tin was melted in a heating assembly secured to the arm of a centrifuge. The furnace was allowed to pivot and reach its equilibrium angle of swing for the gravity force being experienced. The crucible was cooled during rotation to allow the growth of single crystals. The crystals were etched for the purpose of observing the growth striations. Slices were removed from some of the crystals to permit observation of the striations in the interior. Visual analyses were made with a scanning electron microscope. Preliminary conclusions relating the appearance of the striations to gravity forces and the affected growth mechanisms are presented. Further experiments that will verify these conclusions and determine other gravity effects are proposed.