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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 307 records · Page 17
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

MSR Science Planning Group 2 (MSPG2): Science & Curation Considerations for Time Sensitive Measurements That Should be Performed in Containment

The Perseverance rover is currently collecting samples on the martian surface for potential return to Earth and planning is underway to develop facilities to study these samples. Perseverance will collect up to 38 samples that will be sealed in TiN tubes. As long as the tubes remain sealed the samples will be metastable. However, as soon as a tube is opened, or headspace gas is extracted these samples will begin to re-equilibrate with their new surroundings. The MSPG2 time-sensitive science sub-group attempted to quantify the rates at which alteration is likely to occur assuming the samples are opened and stored in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature. The group also recommended ~20 instruments for inclusion in a sample receiving facility to allow the time sensitive properties of these samples to be measured before they are irreversibly altered.

Aaron B Regberg↗
NASA NTRS2023

Science and Science-Enabling Activities of the SHERLOC and WATSON Imaging Systems in Jezero Crater, Mars

During its first year of operation, the Perseverance rover explored the cratered and fractured floor of Jezero crater on Mars. Here, we report the use of the Scanning Habitability Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) imaging system that includes two high-resolution cameras, the Autofocus and Contextual Imager (ACI) and Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering (WATSON). ACI is a fixed focus gray scale imager with a resolution of 10.1 μm/pixel whereas WATSON is a variable field of view, variable focus imager capable of resolution down to 14 μm/pixel. WATSON is a reflight of the MArs Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) imager and has similar capabilities. During first-time activities, WATSON was used to support both science and engineering operations related to sample and abrasion patch assessment and sample collection and caching. WATSON also documented the deployment of the Ingenuity helicopter. The Crater Floor Campaign identified two primary rock units, the Máaz formation and the Séítah formation, which have been interpreted as lava flows and an olivine cumulate, respectively. Interpretation of rock textures with WATSON and ACI images was limited to abraded surfaces because unmodified outcrop surfaces (herein termed “natural surfaces”) show high degrees of dust covering, wind abrasion, and coating by secondary mineral products. WATSON and ACI images support the hypothesis that the material of both the Máaz and Séítah formations consists of largely aqueously altered mafic materials with varying igneous origins.

WATSON↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

The NASA DEVELOP Model of Community Science & Engagement: Localizing Earth Science Information

The NASA DEVELOP Program conducts 10 week feasibility studies that apply Earth observation data to address community priorities and support informed decision making. Part of NASA’s Earth Action Capacity Building Program, DEVELOP builds skills in both participants ( recent graduates, and early/transitioning career professionals), who work on small interdisciplinary project teams, and partner organizations (state and local governments, federal agencies, non profit and for profit organizations, universities, and international organizations) that work closely with DEVELOP to design the project. Projects address a wide variety of environmental issues, such as disaster risk and resilience, air pollution, and the impact of urban development, with a growing number of projects exploring how satellite data can help inform decision making around environmental injustices. A subset of DEVELOP partner organizations are local municipalities or community led non profits, with the co production model serving as an effective engagement tool and an introduction for communities to engage in Earth science research and become familiar with satellite remote sensing. This presentation will highlight the DEVELOP co production model, community project use cases, and lessons learned in partnering with local communities.

Michael Pazmino↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Diversity, Equity, Inclusion and Accessibility Initiatives on the Mars 2020 Science Team and Implications for NASA Planetary Science Missions

For the first time, the most recent NASA Decadal Survey for Planetary Science and Astrobiology includes an entire chapter devoted to the state of the profession[1]. Understanding that people are NASA’s greatest resource, it specifically looked into is-sues of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) to make recommendations for recruiting and retaining the best talent. It calls on both NASA leadership and the NASA community to engage with these recommendations to advance the state of the profession.

DEIA↗
DOE OSTI2014

Ethnic Diversity in Materials Science and Engineering. A report on the workshop on ethnic diversity in materials science and engineering.

The immediate goal of the workshop was to elevate and identify issues and challenges that have impeded participation of diverse individuals in MSE. The longerterm goals are to continue forward by gathering and disseminating data, launching and tracking initiatives to mitigate the impediments, and increase the number of diverse individuals pursuing degrees and careers in MSE. The larger goal, however, is to create over time an ever-increasing number of role models in science fields who will, in turn, draw others in to contribute to the workforce of the future.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2020

100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Fundamentals for the Future of Macromolecular Nitroxide Radicals

Macromolecular radicals, radical polymers, and polyradicals bear unique functionalities derived from their pendant radical groups. Here, the increasing need for organic functional materials is driving the growth in research interest in macromolecular radicals for batteries, electronics, memory, and imaging. This Viewpoint summarizes the current state-of-knowledge regarding the macromolecular nitroxide radicals’ redox mechanism, conductivity, chain conformation, controlled polymerization, network structure, conjugated forms, and applications. The nitroxide radical group is the focus because it is the most widely studied. Although most literature focuses upon applications, an emerging body of work is highlighting the fundamental physicochemical properties of macromolecular radicals. To this end, this Viewpoint recommends areas of opportunity in fundamental studies and best practices in reporting.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Zero added oxygen for high quality sputtered ITO: A data science investigation of reduced Sn-content and added Zr

The authors demonstrate mobilities of >45 cm{sup 2}/V s for sputtered tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) films at zero added oxygen. All films were deposited with 5 wt. % SnO{sub 2}, instead of the more conventional 8–10 wt. %, and had varying ZrO{sub 2} content from 0 to 3 wt. %, with a subsequent reduction in In{sub 2}O{sub 3} content. These films were deposited by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering from nominally stoichiometric targets with varying oxygen partial pressure in the sputter ambient. Anomalous behavior was discovered for films with no Zr-added, where a bimodality of high and low mobilities was discovered for nominally similar growth conditions. However, all films showed the lowest resistivity and highest mobilities when the oxygen partial pressure in the sputter ambient was zero. This result is contrasted with several other reports of ITO transport performance having a maximum for small but nonzero oxygen partial pressure. This result is attributed to the reduced concentration of SnO{sub 2}. The addition of ZrO{sub 2} yielded the highest mobilities at >55 cm{sup 2}/V s and the films showed a modest increase in optical transmission with increasing Zr-content.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2026

MOSAIC-CONUS: A Multimodal, Multi-Temporally Paired Dataset for Earth Sciences

Earth embeddings—vector representations of geographic locations indexed in space and time—are emerging as a unifying interface for geospatial AI. However, their quality depends not only on model design, but on how multimodal Earth observation (EO) data are spatially indexed, temporally aligned, and cross-modally associated during pretraining. We introduce MOSAIC-CONUS (Multimodal Observations with Spatially Aligned Imagery, Urban Points of Interest, In-Situ Measurements and Text Captions), a large-scale EO dataset over the contiguous United States, organized around 250,000 stratified point indices that serve as stable spatial keys across seven modalities: active radar, passive optical imagery, lidar-derived elevation, land cover, functional context, hydrometeorological measurements, and textual summaries. Unlike existing EO datasets, MOSAIC-CONUS introduces four contributions not jointly addressed in prior work: 1. an open-source, large-scale multimodal EO corpus structured around point-indexed data designed to support Earth embedding learning; 2. explicit radar-optical pairing tables spanning twelve temporal alignment regimes, formalizing cross-sensor alignment as a controllable variable for analyzing how temporal mismatch across modalities influences learned embeddings quality; 3. a benchmark suite spanning cross-modal retrieval, annual nightlights regression, and basin-held-out streamflow prediction, positioning MOSAIC-CONUS as a benchmark-ready resource for multimodal AI systems; and 4. a language-based embedding layer through co-registered textual summaries, enabling Earth embeddings to function as a queryable interface for agentic AI systems. The dataset and pairing protocols are publicly released.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗