Magnetic fields- reasons for simulation methods available
Simulation of spatial environment of earth with respect to magnetic fields as observed by satellite and space probes
MAGNETIC FIELD↗
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Results for “Reasoning”
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Magnetic fields - reasons for simulation and methods available.
Spatial environment of Earth with respect to magnetic fields as observed by satellite and space probes including simulation and attitude control application
GEOMAGNETIC FIELD↗
Magnetic fields - Reasons for simulation and methods available
Simulation of wear magnetic fields observed in magnetosphere, turbulent boundary layer, and interplanetary medium regions of space
INJUN III SATELLITE↗
The reasons for the tragedy at the Cape Kennedy cosmodrome
Apollo spacecraft fire and use of pure oxygen atmospheres
Source record↗
Spatial reasoning in remotely sensed data
Photointerpreters employ a variety of implicit spatial models to provide interpretations from remotely sensed aerial or satellite imagery. In this paper one application is illustrated: how ridges and valleys can be automatically interpreted from Landsat imagery of a mountainous area, and how a relative elevation terrain model can be constructed from this interpretation. How to examine valleys for the possible presence of streams or rivers is shown, and how a spatial relational model can be set up to make a final interpretation of the river drainage network is explored.
Campbell, J.↗
Industry's assessment of the number of airplanes in the general aviation fleet along with their hours flown and fuel consumption data powered by what type of engines, when and for what reasons, through the year 2000
The future of general aviation, its fuels, and the piston powered fleet of aircraft up to the year 2000, and beyond are considered.
Smith, T. J.↗
The reason for magnetospheric substorms and solar flares
It has been proposed that magnetospheric substorms and solar flares are a result of the same mechanism. It is suggested that this mechanism is connected with the escape, or attempted escape, of energized plasma from a region of closed magnetic field lines bounded by a magnetic bottle. In the case of the earth, it must be plasma that is able to maintain a discrete auroral arc, and it is proposed that the cross-tail current connected to the arc is filamentary in nature to provide the field-aligned current sheet above the arc.
Heikkila, W. J.↗
Evidence accumulation for spatial reasoning
The evidence accumulation proces of an image understanding system is described enabling the system to perform top-down(goal-oriented) picture processing as well as bottom-up verification of consistent spatial relations among objects.
Matsuyama, T.↗
STAR (Simple Tool for Automated Reasoning): Tutorial guide and reference manual
STAR is an interactive, interpreted programming language for the development and operation of Artificial Intelligence application systems. The language is intended for use primarily in the development of software application systems which rely on a combination of symbolic processing, central to the vast majority of AI algorithms, with routines and data structures defined in compiled languages such as C, FORTRAN and PASCAL. References to routines and data structures defined in compiled languages are intermixed with symbolic structures in STAR, resulting in a hybrid operating environment in which symbolic and non-symbolic processing and organization of data may interact to a high degree within the execution of particular application systems. The STAR language was developed in the course of a project involving AI techniques in the interpretation of imaging spectrometer data and is derived in part from a previous language called CLIP. The interpreter for STAR is implemented as a program defined in the language C and has been made available for distribution in source code form through NASA's Computer Software Management and Information Center (COSMIC). Contained within this report are the STAR Tutorial Guide, which introduces the language in a step-by-step manner, and the STAR Reference Manual, which provides a detailed summary of the features of STAR.
Borchardt, G. C.↗
Scientific reasons for a network of ST radars and cooperative campaigns
Due to their capabilities of measuring wind profiles in the troposphere and stratosphere with good time and height resolution, whatever the weather conditions, stratosphere-troposphere (ST) radars are well adapted to carry out atmospheric research in many fields as well as to fulfill the meteorological forecasting needs. Examples are presented from previous and future national or international campaigns planned in France. The ST radars were used first by themselves with the adjunction of radiosonde data. Then networks were built and used to get horizontal parameters. It appears that ST radar networks should naturally be included in cooperative campaigns.
Petitdidier, M.↗
Intuitive reasoning about abstract and familiar physics problems
Previous research has demonstrated that many people have misconceptions about basic properties of motion. Two experiments examined whether people are more likely to produce dynamically correct predictions about basic motion problems involving situations with which they are familiar, and whether solving such problems enhances performance on a subsequent abstract problem. In experiment 1, college students were asked to predict the trajectories of objects exiting a curved tube. Subjects were more accurate on the familiar version of the problem, and there was no evidence of transfer to the abstract problem. In experiment 2, two familiar problems were provided in an attempt to enhance subjects' tendency to extract the general structure of the problems. Once again, they gave more correct responses to the familiar problems but failed to generalize to the abstract problem. Formal physics training was associated with correct predictions for the abstract problem but was unrelated to performance on the familiar problems.
Kaiser, Mary Kister↗
Probabilistic versus fuzzy reasoning
This paper shows how to solve problems using probability theory that the fuzzy approaches claim probability cannot solve. By using the view that probabilities are a measure of belief in a proposition in a particular context, limitations imposed by the frequncy interpretations of probability are avoided. The various fuzzy approaches (fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, possibility theory and higher order generalizations) seem to fill the gap caused by the restricted frequency interpretation. Close examination shows that the fuzzy approaches have exactly the same representation as the corresponding probabilistc approach and include similar calculi. The probabilistic approach assumes less information when the calculi differ.
Cheeseman, Peter↗
Qualitative and temporal reasoning in engine behavior analysis
Numerical simulation models, engine experts, and experimental data are used to generate qualitative and temporal representations of abnormal engine behavior. Engine parameters monitored during operation are used to generate qualitative and temporal representations of actual engine behavior. Similarities between the representations of failure scenarios and the actual engine behavior are used to diagnose fault conditions which have already occurred, or are about to occur; to increase the surveillance by the monitoring system of relevant engine parameters; and to predict likely future engine behavior.
Dietz, W. E.↗
Reasoning about fault diagnosis for the space station common module thermal control system
The proposed common module thermal control system for the Space Station is designed to integrate thermal distribution and thermal control functions in order to transport heat and provide environmental temperature control through the common module. When the thermal system is operating in an off-normal state, due to component faults, an intelligent controller is called upon to diagnose the fault type, identify the fault location and determine the appropriate control action required to isolate the faulty component. A methodology is introduced for fault diagnosis based upon a combination of signal redundancy techniques and fuzzy logic. An expert system utilizes parity space representation and analytic redundancy to derive fault symptoms, the aggregate of which is assessed by a multivalued rule based system. A subscale laboratory model of the thermal control system designed is used as the testbed for the study.
Vachtsevanos, G.↗
Telerobot task planning and reasoning: Introduction to JPL artificial intelligence research
A view of the capabilities and areas of artificial intelligence research which are required for autonomous space telerobotics extending through the year 2000 is given. In the coming years, JPL will be conducting directed research to achieve these capabilities, as well as drawing heavily on collaborative efforts conducted with other research laboratories.
Atkinson, D. J.↗
Reasoning with inaccurate spatial knowledge
This paper describes work in progress on spatial planning for a semiautonomous mobile robot vehicle. The overall objective is to design a semiautonomous rover to plan routes in unknown, natural terrains. The approach to spatial planning involves deduction of common-sense spatial knowledge using geographical information, natural terrain representations, and assimilation of new and possibly conflicting terrain information. This report describes the ongoing research and implementation.
Doshi, Rajkumar S.↗
Reasoning with case histories of process knowledge for efficient process development
The significance of compiling case histories of empirical process knowledge and the role of such histories in improving the efficiency of manufacturing process development is discussed in this paper. Methods of representing important investigations as cases and using the information from such cases to eliminate redundancy of empirical investigations in analogous process development situations are also discussed. A system is proposed that uses such methods to capture the problem-solving framework of the application domain. A conceptual design of the system is presented and discussed.
Bharwani, Seraj S.↗
Simulation-based reasoning about the physical propagation of fault effects
The research described deals with the effects of faults on complex physical systems, with particular emphasis on aircraft and spacecraft systems. Given that a malfunction has occurred and been diagnosed, the goal is to determine how that fault will propagate to other subsystems, and what the effects will be on vehicle functionality. In particular, the use of qualitative spatial simulation to determine the physical propagation of fault effects in 3-D space is described.
Feyock, Stefan↗