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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 307 records · Page 17
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2018

Design and Construction of a 1m×1m Thermal Neutron Imager Operating in Ionization Mode with Pad Readout

We have developed a 3He based thermal neutron imager with an active area of 1m×1m, for the small-angle neutron scattering beamline QUOKKA at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). The detector operates in ionization mode without any electron multiplication in the gas. The electrons created by the neutron-3He interaction are collected by discrete anode pads, each connected to an input channel of an ASIC directly mounted on the back of the anode pad plane. These custom ASICs and their readout boards can process up to 25k /s per channel. Combining the nearly 40,000 parallel channels on this detector, a total count rate of 108 cps can be achieved. Design and construction details of this detector, as well as some early test results are described.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2020

A 1.2-V 6-GHz Dual-Path Charge-Pump PLL Frequency Synthesizer for Quantum Control and Readout in CMOS 65-nm Process

This paper presents a low jitter dual-path chargepump phase locked loop (PLL) synthesizer in a CMOS 65-nm process for quantum readout applications. The PLL incorporates a programmable dual chargepump and a loop filter with both proportional and integral paths that can be driven independently providing flexible control of the loop bandwidth to achieve low jitter performance. The design is implemented at 300 K and critical blocks like voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and chargepump (CP) are analyzed at 77 K based on the characterized results. The LC-VCO is realized with the class-C NMOS only architecture with 5-bit coarse control and quadrature signals are generated with poly phase filter. The VCO is designed with the tuning range of 1 GHz around the center frequency of 6 GHz with Phase Noise of -123 dBc/Hz and -132 dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset at 300 K and 77 K temperature. The simulated PLL rms jitter is 125 fs at 6 GHz with a power consumption of 8 mW at the 1.2 V power supply.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Readout Technologies for Future Detectors

It is essential to develop novel cost-effective readout technologies to maximize the discovery potential of future HEP experiments.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2023

In-Pixel Readout IC with compact in-pixel ADC for Pixel detectors at HL LHC

The prototype Smart Pixel concept test chip (SP28), designed in a CMOS 28 nm bulk process, is a proof of concept readout integrated circuit (ROIC) designed for a future Phase III High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider. It employs a synchronous analog to digital converter (ADC) for the front-end design, with signal processing and data conversion within a single bunch crossing of 25 ns. It is therefore capable of accurately detecting hits occurring in consecutive bunch crossings, without off-time registration of events and pileup insensitivity, making it particularly suitable for the inner most layers of the vertex detector. The ROIC consists of a matrix of 32 × 16 pixels, each 25 × 25 µm 2 in size. Each pixel contains a charge sensitive preamplifer with leakage current compensation, three auto-zero comparators for a 2-bit fash-type ADC. The total power consumption is approximately 5 µW per pixel. The measured noise at the output of all the hit comparators across the ROIC is < 90 e- with threshold dispersion < 45 e-RMS, which allows an in-time threshold setting of ≈ 475 e-.

Parpillon, Benjamin↗
DOE OSTI2023

Chip Development Toward 12 bit 10 GSPS Cryogenic ADC for Multiplexed Quantum Readout

This presentation presents the background and plan for the development toward a 12 bit 10 GSPS cryogenic ADC for multiplexed quantum readout. It covers the first two chips that have been taped out and tested. It includes results for those chips and provides some context to plans for the upcoming chip tapeout and the final one to come later.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2023

DarkNESS: Characterization of Space Multi-Chip Module Skipper-CCDs and Readout Electronics

The DarkNESS mission has the goal of deploying a 6U CubeSat fitted with an array of skipper-CCDs in Low Earth Orbit (~400 km). The new instrument will take measurements of diffuse x-rays and look for signatures of dark matter decay in the spectrum. DarkNESS will also perform a direct search for strongly interacting sub-GeV dark matter in regions of the parameter space not accessible to ground based experiments [1]. Skipper-CCDs allow for low-noise astronomical observations which can extend the discovery reach for direct dark matter search experiments. This paper will discuss the laboratory characterization of the two key components of the scientific payload: the space Multi-Chip Module (sMCM), and their readout electronics.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Reusable Verification Components for High-Energy Physics readout ASICs

Verification is a critical aspect of designing front-end (FE) readout ASICs for High-Energy Physics (HEP) experiments. These ASICs share several similar functional features, resulting in similar verification objectives, which can be addressed using comparable verification strategies. This contribution presents a set of re-usable verification components for addressing common verification tasks, such as clock generation, reset handling, configuration, as well as hit and fault injections. The components were developed as part of the CHIPS initiative and they have been successfully used in the verification of multiple HEP ASICs.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2023

High spatial resolution direct conversion amorphous selenium X-ray detectors with monolithically integrated CMOS readout

Recent progress in the field of micron-scale spatial resolution direct conversion X-ray detectors for high-energy synchrotron light sources serve applications ranging from nondestructive and noninvasive microscopy techniques which provide insight into the structure and morphology of crystals, to medical diagnostic measurement devices. Amorphous selenium ( a -Se) as a wide-bandgap thermally evaporated photoconductor exhibits ultra-low thermal generation rates for dark carriers and has been extensively used in X-ray medical imaging. Being an amorphous material, it can further be deposited over large areas at room temperatures and at substantially lower costs as compared to crystalline semiconductors. Here, to address the demands for a high-energy and high spatial resolution X-ray detector for synchrotron light source applications, we have thermally evaporated a -Se on a Mixed-Mode Pixel Array Detector (MM-PAD) Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). The ASIC format consists of 128 × 128 square pixels each 150 μm on a side. A 200 μm a -Se layer was directly deposited on the ASIC followed by a metal top electrode. The completed detector assembly was tested with 45 kV Ag and 23 kV Cu X-ray tube sources. The detector fabrication, performances, Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) measurements, and simulations are reported.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2026

Thermal neutron imaging detector with wavelength shifting fiber and digital readout

Here, we developed a large area, digital thermal neutron imaging detector. The detector uses a 6 LiF/ZnS(Ag) neutron-sensitive scintillator combined with wavelength shifting fiber technology. The signals from fiber channels are amplified, integrated, and digitized using individual analog-to-digital converters for each channel. The neutron position is determined from the digitized signal using a least-squares gaussian-fitting algorithm. The detector size was 77 × 38 cm 2 (2926 cm 2 ), it provided 1.3 mm resolution, and its resolution can further be improved. The detector was designed for a powder diffraction neutron scattering beamline and provided substantial improvement of d-space resolution compared with existing detectors. This detector may have broader applications due to its large area and high spatial resolution extended over its large area.

6LiF/ZnS(Ag) scintillator↗
DOE OSTI2014

Segmented scintillation detectors with silicon photomultiplier readout for measuring antiproton annihilations

The Atomic Spectroscopy and Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons experiment at the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) facility of CERN constructed segmented scintillators to detect and track the charged pions which emerge from antiproton annihilations in a future superconducting radiofrequency Paul trap for antiprotons. A system of 541 cast and extruded scintillator bars were arranged in 11 detector modules which provided a spatial resolution of 17 mm. Green wavelength-shifting fibers were embedded in the scintillators, and read out by silicon photomultipliers which had a sensitive area of 1 × 1 mm{sup 2}. The photoelectron yields of various scintillator configurations were measured using a negative pion beam of momentum p ≈ 1 GeV/c. Various fibers and silicon photomultipliers, fiber end terminations, and couplings between the fibers and scintillators were compared. The detectors were also tested using the antiproton beam of the AD. Nonlinear effects due to the saturation of the silicon photomultiplier were seen at high annihilation rates of the antiprotons.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2014

A prototype silicon double quantum dot with dispersive microwave readout

We present a unique design and fabrication process for a lateral, gate-confined double quantum dot in an accumulation mode metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structure coupled to an integrated microwave resonator. All electrostatic gates for the double quantum dot are contained in a single metal layer, and use of the MOS structure allows for control of the location of the two-dimensional electron gas via the location of the accumulation gates. Numerical simulations of the electrostatic confinement potential are performed along with an estimate of the coupling of the double quantum dot to the microwave resonator. Prototype devices are fabricated and characterized by transport measurements of electron confinement and reflectometry measurements of the microwave resonator.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Waveguide-integrated photonic crystal spectrometer with camera readout

We demonstrate an infrared spectrometer based on waveguide-coupled nanocavity filters in a planar photonic crystal structure. The input light is coupled into the waveguide, from which spectral components are dropped into the cavities and radiated off-chip for detection on a commercial InGaAs camera. The spectrometer has a footprint of only 60 μm by 8 μm. The spectral resolution is about 1 nm in the operation bandwidth of 1522–1545 nm. By substituting the membrane material and structure parameters, this design can be easily extended into the visible regime and developed for a variety of highly efficient, miniature photonic applications.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2017

Design and performance of SiPM-based readout of PbF 2 crystals for high-rate, precision timing applications

Here, we have developed a custom amplifier board coupled to a large-format 16-channel Hamamatsu silicon photomultiplier device for use as the light sensor for the electromagnetic calorimeters in the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab. The calorimeter absorber is an array of lead-fluoride crystals, which produces short-duration Cherenkov light. The detector sits in the high magnetic field of the muon storage ring. The SiPMs selected, and their accompanying custom electronics, must preserve the short pulse shape, have high quantum efficiency, be non-magnetic, exhibit gain stability under varying rate conditions, and cover a fairly large fraction of the crystal exit surface area. We describe an optimized design that employs the new-generation of thru-silicon via devices. As a result, the performance is documented in a series of bench and beam tests.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2017

A readout digitization system for the ATLAS muon spectrometer phase-I tRPC trigger upgrade

The front-end digitization electronics for thin-Resistive Plate Chambers to be installed as part of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer Phase-I upgrade project is described. Here, the design is based on the CERN HPTDC and GOL chips. In this paper, the design of the digitization system is presented, including power, connection interfaces to front-end amplifier-shaper-discriminator board and to the low level trigger processor board. System performance tests were conducted and validated with a prototype which includes one HPTDC/GOL pair.

Digital electronic circuits↗
DOE OSTI2014

Palo Alto Research Center - Smart Embedded Network of Sensors with an Optical Readout

PARC is developing new fiber optic sensors that would be embedded into batteries to monitor and measure key internal parameters during charge and discharge cycles. Two significant problems with today's best batteries are their lack of internal monitoring capabilities and their design oversizing. The lack of monitoring interferes with the ability to identify and manage performance or safety issues as they arise, which are presently managed by very conservative design oversizing and protection approaches that result in cost inefficiencies. PARC's design combines low-cost, embedded optical battery sensors and smart algorithms to overcome challenges faced by today's best battery management systems. These advanced fiber optic sensing technologies have the potential to dramatically improve the safety, performance, and life-time of energy storage systems.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗