Standard Versus Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Bladder Cancer: New Insights, but Questions Remain
No abstract prepared.
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SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “NEOPLASMS”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Cost-Effectiveness of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation Versus MRI Surveillance for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Owing to conflicting prospective data, controversy exists regarding prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PCI versus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) surveillance for patients with ES-SCLC based on currently available evidence and in the context of the proposed Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services alternative payment model.
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Reports From Four International Clinical Trials for Cancers of the Cervix, Uterus and Vulva, and a New Guideline for Cervical Cancer
No abstract prepared.
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Moderately Hypofractionated Once-Daily Compared With Twice-Daily Thoracic Radiation Therapy Concurrently With Etoposide and Cisplatin in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Phase II, Randomized Trial
Chemotherapy and concurrent thoracic radiation therapy (CCTRT) followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is the standard of care for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). We aimed to compare the efficacy and toxicity of moderately hypofractionated once-daily CCTRT with that of a standard twice-daily regimen.
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Differential Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Diagnostic Services Based on Body Regions: A Public Facility-Based Study in Hong Kong
A reduction in cancer services during the coronavirus disease of 2019 pandemic has affected cancer diagnoses. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively determine the impact on cancer diagnostic service in public facilities across Hong Kong. Quantifying the temporal changes in the number of cancer diagnoses before, during, and after the outbreak is useful to establish the scale of the problem and assess if there has been an adequate level of response.
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When Old Becomes New—Repurposing Cytotoxic Chemotherapy With Radiation to Improve Outcomes in Women With Aggressive Forms of Breast Cancer
No abstract prepared.
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The Role of Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Nonhilar Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer: A Long-Term Single-Institution Analysis
Despite frequent use in the clinical setting, especially for patients with high-risk factors for relapse, the role of adjuvant treatment has not been clarified in nonhilar extrahepatic bile duct cancer (NH-EHBDC). The goal of this study is to identify the role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in NH-EHBDC patients after radical surgery.
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Prostate SBRT Dose Escalation (9 Gy × 5, 13.3 Gy × 3, 24 Gy × 1): Are We Making Progress?
No abstract prepared.
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Proton Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Consensus Statement From the Particle Therapy Cooperative Group Breast Cancer Subcommittee
Radiation therapy plays an important role in the multidisciplinary management of breast cancer. Recent years have seen improvements in breast cancer survival and a greater appreciation of potential long-term morbidity associated with the dose and volume of irradiated organs. Proton therapy reduces the dose to nontarget structures while optimizing target coverage. However, there remain additional financial costs associated with proton therapy, despite reductions over time, and studies have yet to demonstrate that protons improve upon the treatment outcomes achieved with photon radiation therapy. There remains considerable heterogeneity in proton patient selection and techniques, and the rapid technological advances in the field have the potential to affect evidence evaluation, given the long latency period for breast cancer radiation therapy recurrence and late effects. In this consensus statement, we assess the data available to the radiation oncology community of proton therapy for breast cancer, provide expert consensus recommendations on indications and technique, and highlight ongoing trials’ cost-effectiveness analyses and key areas for future research.
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Patient-Reported Toxicity and Quality-of-Life Profiles in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Treated With Definitive Radiation Therapy or Chemoradiation
Radiation therapy is an effective but burdensome treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC). We aimed to characterize the severity and time pattern of patient-reported symptoms and quality of life in a large cohort of patients with HNC treated with definitive radiation therapy, with or without systemic treatment.
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ALKBH5-Modified HMGB1-STING Activation Contributes to Radiation Induced Liver Disease via Innate Immune Response
Radiation therapy, which is vital for the treatment of primary liver cancer, comes with unavoidable liver injury, which limits its implementation. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is involved in many molecular functions. However, its role in radiation-induced liver diseases (RILD) remains unknown. Herein, we investigate the role of m6A methylation in RILD.
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Ten-Year Experience in Implementing Single-Fraction Lung SBRT for Medically Inoperable Early-Stage Lung Cancer
To review 10 years of using single-fraction lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SF-SBRT) for medically inoperable peripheral early-stage lung cancer.
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Developing a Peptide That Inhibits DNA Repair by Blocking the Binding of Artemis and DNA Ligase IV to Enhance Tumor Radiosensitivity
Artemis and DNA Ligase IV are 2 critical elements in the nonhomologous end joining pathway of DNA repair, acting as the nuclease and DNA ligase, respectively. Enhanced cellular radiosensitivity by inhibition of either protein contributes to a promising approach to develop molecular targeted radiosensitizers. The interaction between Artemis and DNA Ligase IV is required for the activation of Artemis as nuclease at 3’overhang DNA; thus, we aim to generate an inhibitory peptide targeting the interaction between Artemis and DNA Ligase IV for novel radiosensitizer development.
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The Influence of Patient–Provider Language Concordance in Cancer Care: Results of the Hispanic Outcomes by Language Approach (HOLA) Randomized Trial
Delivering linguistically competent care is critical to serving patients who have limited English proficiency (LEP) and represents a key national strategy to help reduce health disparities. Current acceptable standards of communication with patients who have LEP include providers communicating through professional interpretive services or bilingual providers speaking the patients’ preferred language directly. This randomized clinical trial tests the effect of patient-provider language concordance on patient satisfaction.
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Clinical Value of Upfront Cranial Radiation Therapy in Osimertinib-Treated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Brain Metastases
As a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), osimertinib has a powerful ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and a high potency for controlling brain metastases (BMs) from EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The clinical value of cranial radiation therapy in osimertinib-treated NSCLC with BMs remains largely unknown.
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Forecasting Individual Patient Response to Radiation Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer With a Dynamic Carrying Capacity Model
To model and predict individual patient responses to radiation therapy.
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Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Topical Steroid Versus Placebo for Prevention of Radiation Dermatitis in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Receiving Chemoradiation
Radiation dermatitis is one of the most common acute toxicities induced by chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC). The benefit of topical steroids in the management of radiation dermatitis is still unclear. This phase 3, multi-institutional, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of topical steroids for radiation dermatitis in patients with locally advanced HNC receiving CRT.
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Quality of Life Is Independently Associated With Neurocognitive Function in Patients With Brain Tumors: Analysis of a Prospective Clinical Trial
We conducted the first prospective longitudinal study examining the independent association between patient-reported health-related quality of life (hrQoL) (physical, social/family, emotional, functional, and brain cancer-specific) and neurocognitive function (NCF), while controlling for mood symptoms in patients with primary brain tumors.
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