Square Ising ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic lattices in a magnetic field - A new perturbation approach
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Aronowitz, S.↗
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Contingency study for the third international Sun-Earth Explorer (ISEE-3) satellite
The third satellite of the international Sun-Earth Explorer program was inserted into a periodic halo orbit about L sub 1, the collinear libration point between the Sun and the Earth-Moon barycenter. A plan is presented that was developed to enable insertion into the halo orbit in case there was a large underperformance of the Delta second or third stage during the maneuver to insert the spacecraft into the transfer trajectory. After one orbit of the Earth, a maneuver would be performed near perigee to increase the energy of the orbit. A relatively small second maneuver would put the spacecraft in a transfer trajectory to the halo orbit, into which it could be inserted for a total cost within the fuel budget. Overburns (hot transfer trajectory insertions) were also studied.
Dunham, D. W.↗
Micropulsations in the electric field near the plasmapause, observed by ISEE-1
The occurrence of micropulsations near and inside the plasmapause was surveyed. The observed pulsations, classified as Pc3 and Pi2, are discussed. In addition one single event of Pc1 was observed. The frequencies in the Pc3 and Pi2 bands, the amplitude ranges, and the direction of rotation for the electric field vector are reported.
Moe, T. E.↗
Results of an ISEE-1 experiment to study the interactions between energetic particles and discrete VLF waves in the magnetosphere
Despite the malfunctioning of the digital portion of the experiment which is encoding the absolute amplitude of the wave spectrum with a fixed bias of approximately 20 dB, the analog portion of the instrument is acquiring excellent data concerning the wave function and relative amplitude. Results obtained over a 2-year period which have important implications for magnetospheric wave-particle interactions are examined in the areas of emission generation by nonconducted coherent waves, and cold plasma distribution in the inner magnetosphere.
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Deceleration of the solar wind in the Earth foreshock region: ISEE 2 and IMP 8 observations
The deceleration of the solar wind in the region of the interplanetary space filled by ions backstreaming from the Earth bow shock was studied using a two spacecraft technique. This deceleration, which is correlated with the "diffuse" but not with the "reflected" ion population, depends on the solar wind bulk velocity: at low velocities (below 300 km/sec) the velocity decrease is about 5 km/sec, while at higher velocities (above 400 km/sec) the decrease may be as large as 30 km/sec. Along with this deceleration, the solar wind undergoes a deflection of about 1 deg away from the direction of the Earth bow shock. The energy balance shows that the kinetic energy loss far exceeds the thermal energy which is possibly gained by the solar wind, therefore, at least part of this energy must go into waves and/or into the backstreaming ions.
Bonifazi, C.↗
University of California electron and X-ray experiments on ISEE-3
The history of the University of California solar and interplanetary electron experiment and the solar X-ray experiment is outlined, and the two instruments used are described. The roles of personnel are mentioned and the data analysis projects completed or begun are summarized. A bibliography is included.
Anderson, K. A.↗
Deceleration of the solar wind in the earth's foreshock region - Isee 2 and Imp 8 observations
The deceleration of the solar wind in the region of the interplanetary space filled by ions backstreaming from the earth's bow shock and associated waves is studied using a two-spacecraft technique. This deceleration depends on the solar wind bulk velocity; at low velocities (below 300 km/s) the velocity decrease is about 5 km/s, while at higher velocities (above 400 km/s) the decrease may be as large as 30 km/s. The energy balance shows that the kinetic energy loss far exceeds the thermal energy which is possibly gained by the solar wind; therefore at least part of this energy must go into waves and/or into the backstreaming ions.
Bonifazi, C.↗
Pancake pitch angle distributions in warm ions observed with ISEE 1
Observations of pancake (peak flux near 90-deg pitch angle) distributions of low-energy (not greater than 100 eV) ions are reported. Pancake distributions occur often in H(+) and He(+) simultaneously while O(+) fluxes are either undetectable or field-aligned. These H(+) and He(+) pancake distributions typically display characteristic energies of the order of 10 eV and are frequently mixed with higher density, colder isotropic, quasi-Maxwellian components. They appear often within the outer regions of the plasmasphere, and seem to occur most frequently on the dayside and near the magnetic equator.
Horwitz, J. L.↗
Upstream waves and particles - An overview of ISEE results
A brief survey is presented of papers given at the Upstream Wave and Particle Workshop held at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory on April 15-16, 1980. Particular consideration is given to upstream energetic particles, upstream plasma waves, and acceleration processes. An attempt is made to view the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction as a general process and to state some of the obvious astrophysical implications.
Tsurutani, B. T.↗
ISEE-1, -2 and -3 observation of the interaction between an interplanetary shock and the earth's magnetosphere - A rapid traversal of the magnetopause
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Winterhalter, D.↗
Energetic particles flux experiment for ISEE mother/daughter spacecraft
The history of the energetic particle experiments on the International Sun Earth Explorer 1 and 2 spacecraft is outlined, and descriptions of the instruments are given. The inflight performance and data analysis are summarized. The research is completed and ongoing are described and a bibliography is included.
Anderson, K. A.↗
Helium, hydrogen, and oxygen velocities observed on ISEE-3
The velocities of hydrogen, helium, and oxygen ions over a full range of solar wind conditions were recorded by the ion composition instrument and Los Alamos National Laboratory plasma instrument aboard the International Sun Earth Explorer. Interspecie velocity differences were observed frequently. For solar wind velocities between 300 and 400 km s(-1) the helium velocity exceeded the hydrogen velocity by 5 km s(-1) the average difference was 14 km s(-1), however no evidence was found for a nonzero average velocity difference between helium and oxygen ions even at the higher velocities. Velocity differences were examined in a number of streams and across a number of interplanetary shocks. Generally helium hydrogen velocity differences are bounded by the Alfven speed. Velocity differences show abrupt changes across interplanetary discontinuities, presumably tangential. The electrostatic potential change across a shock produces differences between the velocities of ions having different charges.
Ogilvie, K. W.↗
Observations of large electric fields near the plasmasheet boundary by ISEE-1
Large electric field spikes of up to about 80 mV/m, at distances of seven to 23 earth radii, were detected within one minute of encountering the high-altitude plasma sheet boundary, as identified by energetic particle detectors. If these high-altitude events, whose strong electric fields occur in enhanced low-frequency turbulence and field-aligned current flow regions and are individually well-correlated with small-scale gradients in particle fluxes and small-scale currents, are mappings of the low-altitude electrostatic shocks, these data may be taken as evidence that poleward auroral field lines map to the boundary of the plasma sheet.
Cattell, C. A.↗
Helium, hydrogen, and oxygen velocities observed on ISEE 3
(Previously announced in STAR as N82-25075)
Ogilvie, K. W.↗
Plasma regimes in the deep geomagnetic tail - ISEE 3
The spacecraft remained close to or within a previously unexplored part of the distant (60-220 earth radii) geomagnetic tail nearly continuously from January 1 to March 30, 1983. Analysis of the data reveals that all of the plasma regimes identified previously with near-earth measurements (plasma sheet, low-latitude boundary layer, plasma mantle, lobe, and magnetosheath) remain recognizable in the distant tail. These regimes, however, are found to be intermingled in a more chaotic fashion than near the earth. Within the plasma sheet at approximately 200 earth radii, typical flow velocities are about 500 km/s tailward, considerably higher than in the near-earth plasma sheet. Earthward flow within the plasma sheet is observed occasionally, indicating the temporary presence of a neutral line beyond 220 earth radii. Also found are strong bidirectional electron anisotropies throughout much of the distant plasma sheet, boundary layer, and magnetosheath.
Bame, S. J.↗
Plasma properties of driver gas following interplanetary shocks observed by ISEE-3
Plasma fluid parameters calculated from solar wind and magnetic field data to determine the characteristic properties of driver gas following a select subset of interplanetary shocks were studied. Of 54 shocks observed from August 1978 to February 1980, 9 contained a well defined driver gas that was clearly identifiable by a discontinuous decrease in the average proton temperature. While helium enhancements were present downstream of the shock in all 9 of these events, only about half of them contained simultaneous changes in the two quantities. Simultaneous with the drop in proton temperature the helium and electron temperature decreased abruptly. In some cases the proton temperature depression was accompanied by a moderate increase in magnetic field magnitude with an unusually low variance, by a small decrease in the variance of the bulk velocity, and by an increase in the ratio of parallel to perpendicular temperature. The cold driver gas usually displayed a bidirectional flow of suprathermal solar wind electrons at higher energies.
Zwickl, R. D.↗
Magnetopause studies using data from the ISEE mission
Magnetic field reconnection at the magnetopause and the energy balance are considered.
Sonnerup, B. U. O.↗
ISEE observations of magnetopause reconnection: The energy balance
The total energy balance for two events with the objective of obtaining check on the interpretation in terms of reconnection is examined. To within experimental uncertainties, the plasma and magnetic field data are consistent with reconnection. An enthalpy increase comparable to the kinetic energy increase occurs in the magnetopause. Thus substantial dissipation is present in the rotational discontinuity. An ion heat flow associated with a beam of reflected magnetosheath particles carried away some 20% of the total converted electromagnetic energy.
Paschmann, G.↗