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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 289 records · Page 16
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Tripartite entanglement in single-neutron interferometer experiments

We present experimental evidence of the generation of distinct types of genuine multipartite entanglement between the spin, energy, and path degrees of freedom within single-neutron quantum systems. This is achieved via the development of new spin manipulation apparatuses for neutron interferometry and the entanglement is detected via appropriately designed and optimized non-linear witnesses. We demonstrate the extraordinarily high controllability and fidelity of the generated entangled states.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Quantum metrology timing limits of the Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer and of general two-photon measurements

We examine the precision limits of Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) timing measurements, as well as precision limits applying to generalized two-photon measurements. As a special case, we consider the use of two-photon measurements using photons with variable bandwidths and frequency correlations. When the photon bandwidths are not equal, maximizing the measurement precision involves a trade-off between high interference visibility and strong frequency anticorrelations, with the optimal precision occurring when the photons share non-maximal frequency anticorrelations. We show that a generalized measurement has precision limits that are qualitatively similar to those of the HOM measurement whenever the generalized measurement is insensitive to the net delay of both photons. Finally, by examining the performance of states with more general frequency distributions, our analysis allows for engineering of the joint spectral amplitude for use in realistic situations, in which both photons may not have ideal spectral properties.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Signals of primordial black holes at gravitational wave interferometers

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form as a result of primordial scalar perturbations at small scales. This PBH formation scenario has associated gravitational wave (GW) signatures from second-order GWs induced by the primordial curvature perturbation, and from GWs produced during an early PBH dominated era. We investigate the ability of next generation GW experiments, including BBO, LISA, and CE, to probe this PBH formation scenario in a wide mass range. Measuring the stochastic GW background with GW observatories can constrain the allowed parameter space of PBHs for masses 10 9 – 10 27 g. We also discuss possible GW sources from an unconstrained region where light PBHs (< 10 9 g) temporarily dominate the energy density of the universe before evaporating. Here we show how PBH formation impacts the reach of GW observatories to the primordial power spectrum and provide constraints implied by existing PBH bounds.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2024

Requirements for probing chiral Casimir-Polder forces in a molecular Talbot-Lau interferometer

We theoretically investigate the influence of chiral Casimir-Polder (CP) forces in Talbot-Lau interferometry, based on three nanomechanical gratings. We study scenarios where the second grating is either directly written into a chiral material or where the nanomask is coated with chiral substances. We show requirements for probing enantiospecific effects in matter-wave interferometry in the transmission signal and the interference fringe visibility, which depend on the de Broglie wavelength and the molecular chirality. The proposed setup is particularly sensitive to CP forces in the nonretarded regime where chiral effects can be comparable in magnitude to their electric and magnetic counterparts. While the first and third gratings do not change the phase of the matter wave, applying a coating of chiral substances to them enhances the instrument's chiral selectivity. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗