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At least 289 records · Page 16

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

NASA NTRS1981

Composite containment systems for jet engine fan blades

The use of composites in fan blade containment systems is investigated and the associated structural benefits of the composite system design are identified. Two basic types of containment structures were investigated. The short finned concept was evaluated using Kevlar/epoxy laminates for fins which were mounted in a 6061 T-6 aluminum ring. The long fin concept was evaluated with Kevlar/epoxy, 6Al4V titanium, and 2024 T-3 aluminum fins. The unfinned configurations consisted of the base-line steel sheet, a circumferentially oriented aluminum honeycomb, and a Kevlar cloth filled ring. Results obtained show that a substantial reduction in the fan blade containment system weight is possible. Minimization of damage within the engine arising from impact interaction between blade debris and the engine structure is also achieved.

Smith, G. T.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Application of the line-spring model to a cylindrical shell containing a circumferential or axial part-through crack

An approximate solution was obtained for a cylindrical shell containing a part-through surface crack. It was assumed that the shell contains a circumferential or axial semi-elliptic internal or external surface crack and was subjected to a uniform membrane loading or a uniform bending moment away from the crack region. A Reissner type theory was used to account for the effects of the transverse shear deformations. The stress intensity factor at the deepest penetration point of the crack was tabulated for bending and membrane loading by varying three dimensionless length parameters of the problem formed from the shell radius, the shell thickness, the crack length, and the crack depth. The upper bounds of the stress intensity factors are provided by the results of the elasticity solution obtained from the axisymmetric crack problem for the circumferential crack, and that found from the plane strain problem for a circular ring having a radial crack for the axial crack. The line-spring model gives the expected results in comparison with the elasticity solutions. Results also compare well with the existing finite element solution of the pressurized cylinder containing an internal semi-elliptic surface crack.

Delale, F.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Containment materials: Status and summary

The hydrogen containment materials are studied. The safe, reliable, and economic containment of hydrogen is essential to the success of virtually any hydrogen energy transport and storage scheme. The potential problems associated with hydrogen containment are presented.

Nelson, H. G.↗

NASA NTRS1986

Conductive Container for Semiconductor Devices

Container for semiconductor components not only protects them against mechanical damage but ensures they are not harmed by electrostatic discharges. Container holds components in fixed positions so they can be serialized and identified from their locations. Suitable for holding components during both storing and shipping. Originally developed for microwave diodes, container concept readily adaptable to transistors and integrated circuits.

Rice, J. T.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Powder containing 2H-type silicon carbide produced by reacting silicon dioxide and carbon powder in nitrogen atmosphere in the presence of aluminum

The production of powder which contains silicon carbide consisting of 40% of 2H-type silicon carbide, beta type silicon carbide and less than 3% of nitrogen is discussed. The reaction temperature to produce the powder containing 40% of 2H-type silicon carbide is set at above 1550 degrees C in an atmosphere of aluminum or aluminum compounds and nitrogen gas or an antioxidation atmosphere containing nitrogen gas. The mixture ratio of silicon dioxide and carbon powder is 0.55 - 1:2.0 and the contents of aluminum or aluminum compounds within silicon dioxide is less than 3% in weight.

Kuramoto, N.↗

NASA NTRS1986

Toxic-Waste Disposal by Combustion in Containers

Chemical wastes burned with minimal handling in storage containers. Technique for disposing of chemical munitions by burning them inside shells applies to disposal of toxic materials stored in drums. Fast, economical procedure overcomes heat-transfer limitations of conventional furnace designs by providing direct contact of oxygenrich combustion gases with toxic agent. No need to handle waste material, and container also decontaminated in process. Oxygen-rich torch flame cuts burster well and causes vaporization and combustion of toxic agent contained in shell.

Houseman, J.↗

NASA NTRS1986

Liquid-vapor interface locations in a spheroidal container under low gravity

As a part of the general study of liquid behavior in low gravity environments, an experimental investigation was conducted to determine if there are equilibrium liquid-vapor interface configurations that can exist at more than one location in oblate spheroidal containers under reduced gravity conditions. Static contact angles of the test liquids on the spheroid surface were restricted to near 0 deg. The experiments were conducted in a low gravity environment. An oblate spheroidal tank was tested with an eccentricity of 0.68 and a semimajor axis of 2.0 cm. Both quantitative and qualitative data were obtained on the liquid-vapor interface configuration and position inside the container. The results of these data, and their impat on previous work in this area, are discussed. Of particular interest are those equilibrium interface configurations that can exist at multiple locations in the container.

Carney, M. J.↗

NASA NTRS1988

Low temperature storage container for transporting perishables to space station

This invention is directed to the long term storage of frozen and refrigerated food and biological samples by the space shuttle to the space station. A storage container is utilized which has a passive system so that fluid/thermal and electrical interfaces with the logistics module is not required. The container for storage comprises two units, each having an inner storage shell and an outer shell receiving the inner shell and spaced about it. The novelty appears to lie in the integration of thermally efficient cryogenic storage techniques with phase change materials, including the multilayer metalized surface thin plastic film insulation and the vacuum between the shells. Additionally the fiberglass constructed shells having fiberglass honeycomb portions, and the lining of the space between the shells with foil combine to form a storage container which may keep food and biological samples at very low temperatures for very long periods of time utilizing a passive system.

Dean, William G↗

NASA NTRS1988

Containment of a silicone fluid free surface in reduced gravity

In support of the surface tension driven convection experiment planned for flight aboard the Space Shuttle, tests were conducted under reduced gravity in the 2.2-sec drop tower and the 5.0-sec Zero-G facility at the Lewis Research Center. The dynamics of controlling the test fluid, a 10-centistoke viscosity silicone fluid, in a low-gravity environment were investigated using different container designs and barrier coatings. Three container edge designs were tested without a barrier coating: a square edge, a sharp edge with a 45-deg slope, and a saw-tooth edge. All three edge designs were successful in containing the fluid below the edge.

Pline, A.↗

NASA NTRS1989

Structure/permeability relationships of silicon-containing polyimides

The permeability to H2, O2, N2, CO2 and CH4 of three silicone-polyimide random copolymers and two polyimides containing silicon atoms in their backbone chains, was determined at 35.0 C and at pressures up to about 120 psig (approximately 8.2 atm). The copolymers contained different amounts of BPADA-m-PDA and amine-terminated poly (dimethyl siloxane) and also had different numbers of siloxane linkages in their silicone component. The polyimides containing silicon atoms (silicon-modified polyimides) were SiDA-4,4'-ODA and SiDA-p-PDA. The gas permeability and selectivity of the copolymers are more similar to those of their silicone component than of the polyimide component. By contrast, the permeability and selectivity of the silicon-modified polyimides are more similar to those of their parent polyimides, PMDA-4,4'-ODA and SiDA-p-PDA. The substitution of SiDA for the PMDA moiety in a polyimide appears to result in a significant increase in gas permeability, without a correspondingly large decrease in selectivity. The potential usefulness of the above polymers and copolymers as gas separation membranes is discussed.

Stern, S. A.↗

NASA NTRS1990

Vacuum-Gauge Connection For Shipping Container

External connector enables measurement of vacuum in stored part. Remote-readout connector added to shipping container and connected to thermo-couple vacuum gauge in vacuum-insulated cryogenic line packed in container. Enables monitoring of condition of vacuum without opening container.

Henry, Robert H.↗

NASA NTRS1990

Containments for liquids at zero gravity

A theory proposed by Concus and Finn (1974) and recently developed by Finn (1983 and 1984) yields explicit geometrical criteria for the position of the free surface of a liquid at zero gravity in a cylindrical container of specified cross section. These criteria were applied by Concus and Finn to three container geometries: the bathtub, the trapezoid, and the keyhole. It is possible to find geometrical criteria that promise a liquid interface of finite height, with the base still covered with liquid, or a liquid interface of infinite height, with the liquid wetting a well defined portion of the wall. In the present work, calculations are presented for a fourth geometry, the non-concentric cylinders. In addition, the earlier calculations of Concus and Finn are extended, and a unified graphical presentation of all four geometries is given that can be used directly for the design of containments for liquids at zero gravity.

Smedley, G.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Secure Container For Discarded Hypodermic Needles

Container designed for safe retention of discarded blood-collecting hypodermic needles and similar sharp objects used in life-science experiments aboard spacecraft. Needles inserted through self-closing lid and retained magnetically. They are inserted, sharp end first, through spring-loaded flap. Long needles and needles on syringes cannot turn around in container. Can be emptied, cleaned, and reused. Used on Earth to provide unusually secure containment of sharp objects.

Lee, Angelene M.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Radiation monitoring container device (16-IML-1)

In this experiment, layers of radiation detectors and biological specimens, bacterial spores (Bacillus subtillis), shrimp eggs (Altemia salina), and maize seeds (Zea mays) are sandwiched together in the Radiation Monitoring Container. The detectors, sheets of plastic materials, record the nuclear track of cosmic radiation. The dosimeter package contains conventional detectors made of materials such as lithium fluoride or magnesium-silica-terbium. The thermoluminescent materials (TLD) will, when moderately heated, emit luminescent photons linearly depending upon the dose of radiation received. The experiment, enclosed in a box-like container, is mounted on the aft end cone of the Spacelab, the area where the shielding is somewhat less than other locations.

Nagaoka, S.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Sharps container

This invention relates to a system for use in disposing of potentially hazardous items and more particularly a Sharps receptacle for used hypodermic needles and the like. A Sharps container is constructed from lightweight alodined nonmagnetic metal material with a cup member having an elongated tapered shape and length greater than its transverse dimensions. A magnet in the cup member provides for metal retention in the container. A nonmagnetic lid member has an opening and spring biased closure flap member. The flap member is constructed from stainless steel. A Velcro patch on the container permits selective attachment at desired locations.

Lee, Angelene M.↗

NASA NTRS1992

An experimental study of oscillatory thermocapillary convection in cylindrical containers

An experimental study of oscillatory thermocapillary in small cylindrical containers with a heating wire placed along the center axis is performed by investigating the flow structures and temperature distributions under various conditions. To supplement the flow visualization the surface is scanned using an infrared imager. Here, 2 cS viscosity (Pr = 27) silicone oil is used as the test fluid. It is observed that beyond a certain temperature difference between the container wall and the heating wire, a distinctive unsteady flow pattern appears. This unsteady phenomenon is identified as oscillatory thermocapillary. After the onset of oscillations the flow structure becomes nonaxisymmetric and wave motion is observed at the free surface. It is shown that the critical temperature difference is independent of container dimensions if the aspect ratio is fixed.

Kamotani, Y.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Compression strength failure mechanisms in unidirectional composite laminates containing a hole

Experiments on graphite-epoxy laminated plates containing unloaded small holes show that these laminates are notch insensitive. That is, the uniaxial strength of these laminates with small holes exceeds the strength predicted by a point stress criterion using the stress concentration factor for the in-plane stress field. Laminates containing large holes exhibit notch sensitive behavior and consequently their strength is reasonably well predicted by the stress concentration effect. This hole size effect is manifested both in tension and in compression. Apparently, some mechanism must cause in-plane stress relief for laminates containing small holes. The purpose of this research was to study the influence of geometric nonlinearity on the micromechanical response of a filamentary composite material in the presence of a strain gradient caused by a discontinuity such as a hole. A mathematical model was developed at the micromechanical level to investigate this geometrically nonlinear effect.

Johnson, Eric R.↗

NASA NTRS1987

Lanthanide-containing polyimides

The preparation of a variety of lanthanide-containing polyimide films is described, and results of their characterization are presented. The properties investigated include the glass transition temperature, thermooxidative stability, magnetic susceptibility, and electrical conductivity of the polymer. Films containing lanthanide chlorides, fluorides, and sulfides are flexible, but those containing lanthanide nitrates are extremely brittle. The addition of lanthanide acetates and acetylacetonates caused immediate gelation of two of the synthesis-mixture ingredients. It was found that, in general, the addition of lanthanide to the polyimide increases the density and glass transition temperature of the polymer but slightly decreases the thermooxidative stability.

Stoakley, D. M.↗