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At least 289 records · Page 16
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(AgO2)2 by Materials Project

Zn(AgO2)2 is Spinel structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4_1/amd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ag3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form AgO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnO4 tetrahedra and edges with six equivalent AgO6 octahedra. There are four shorter (2.22 Å) and two longer (2.23 Å) Ag–O bond lengths. Zn2+ is bonded to four equivalent O2- atoms to form ZnO4 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent AgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 56°. All Zn–O bond lengths are 2.01 Å. O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three equivalent Ag3+ and one Zn2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(CuO2)2 by Materials Project

Zn(CuO2)2 is Spinel structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4_1/amd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnO4 tetrahedra and edges with six equivalent CuO6 octahedra. There are four shorter (2.01 Å) and two longer (2.02 Å) Cu–O bond lengths. Zn2+ is bonded to four equivalent O2- atoms to form ZnO4 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent CuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 58°. All Zn–O bond lengths are 1.97 Å. O2- is bonded to three equivalent Cu3+ and one Zn2+ atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OZnCu3 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(MoO2)2 by Materials Project

Zn(MoO2)2 is Spinel structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4_1/amd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Mo3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form MoO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnO4 tetrahedra and edges with six equivalent MoO6 octahedra. There are four shorter (2.18 Å) and two longer (2.19 Å) Mo–O bond lengths. Zn2+ is bonded to four equivalent O2- atoms to form ZnO4 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent MoO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 57°. All Zn–O bond lengths are 2.05 Å. O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three equivalent Mo3+ and one Zn2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(CuO2)2 by Materials Project

Zn(CuO2)2 is Spinel structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Cu3+ sites. In the first Cu3+ site, Cu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnO4 tetrahedra and edges with six CuO6 octahedra. There are four shorter (1.99 Å) and two longer (2.04 Å) Cu–O bond lengths. In the second Cu3+ site, Cu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnO4 tetrahedra and edges with six CuO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Cu–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.03 Å. In the third Cu3+ site, Cu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnO4 tetrahedra and edges with six CuO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Cu–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.09 Å. In the fourth Cu3+ site, Cu3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CuO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnO4 tetrahedra and edges with six CuO6 octahedra. There are two shorter (2.00 Å) and four longer (2.02 Å) Cu–O bond lengths. Zn2+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form ZnO4 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve CuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 56–60°. There is three shorter (1.98 Å) and one longer (1.99 Å) Zn–O bond length. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Cu3+ and one Zn2+ atom to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing OZnCu3 trigonal pyramids. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three Cu3+ and one Zn2+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three Cu3+ and one Zn2+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Cu3+ and one Zn2+ atom to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing OZnCu3 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(CoS2)2 by Materials Project

Zn(CoS2)2 is Spinel structured and crystallizes in the cubic Fd-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Co3+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form CoS6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnS4 tetrahedra and edges with six equivalent CoS6 octahedra. All Co–S bond lengths are 2.26 Å. Zn2+ is bonded to four equivalent S2- atoms to form ZnS4 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent CoS6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 60°. All Zn–S bond lengths are 2.35 Å. S2- is bonded to three equivalent Co3+ and one Zn2+ atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing SZnCo3 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(NiS2)2 by Materials Project

Zn(NiS2)2 is Spinel structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4_1/amd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ni3+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form NiS6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnS4 tetrahedra and edges with six equivalent NiS6 octahedra. There are four shorter (2.30 Å) and two longer (2.31 Å) Ni–S bond lengths. Zn2+ is bonded to four equivalent S2- atoms to form ZnS4 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent NiS6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 58–60°. All Zn–S bond lengths are 2.34 Å. S2- is bonded to three equivalent Ni3+ and one Zn2+ atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing SZnNi3 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(NiS2)4 by Materials Project

Zn(NiS2)4 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Ni+3.50+ sites. In the first Ni+3.50+ site, Ni+3.50+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form NiS6 octahedra that share edges with two equivalent ZnS6 octahedra and edges with six NiS6 octahedra. All Ni–S bond lengths are 2.27 Å. In the second Ni+3.50+ site, Ni+3.50+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form NiS6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnS6 octahedra and edges with six equivalent NiS6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 10°. All Ni–S bond lengths are 2.33 Å. Zn2+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form ZnS6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent NiS6 octahedra and edges with six equivalent NiS6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 10°. All Zn–S bond lengths are 2.53 Å. There are two inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three Ni+3.50+ and one Zn2+ atom. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three equivalent Ni+3.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(NiS2)4 by Materials Project

Zn(NiS2)4 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Ni+3.50+ sites. In the first Ni+3.50+ site, Ni+3.50+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form NiS6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ZnS6 octahedra and edges with six equivalent NiS6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 10°. All Ni–S bond lengths are 2.34 Å. In the second Ni+3.50+ site, Ni+3.50+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form NiS6 octahedra that share edges with two equivalent ZnS6 octahedra and edges with six NiS6 octahedra. There are four shorter (2.27 Å) and two longer (2.29 Å) Ni–S bond lengths. Zn2+ is bonded to six equivalent S2- atoms to form ZnS6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent NiS6 octahedra and edges with six equivalent NiS6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 10°. All Zn–S bond lengths are 2.49 Å. There are two inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three Ni+3.50+ and one Zn2+ atom. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ni+3.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(H3C)2 by Materials Project

Zn(CH3)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two dimethylzinc molecules. Zn2+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent C4- atoms. Both Zn–C bond lengths are 1.94 Å. C4- is bonded to one Zn2+ and three H1+ atoms to form corner-sharing CZnH3 tetrahedra. All C–H bond lengths are 1.10 Å. There are three inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4- atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4- atom. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(GaTe2)2 by Materials Project

ZnGa2Te4 crystallizes in the tetragonal I-4m2 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Zn2+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form ZnTe6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent GaTe6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent ZnTe6 octahedra, and edges with eight GaTe6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. There are two shorter (2.80 Å) and four longer (2.91 Å) Zn–Te bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Ga3+ sites. In the first Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form GaTe6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent ZnTe6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent GaTe6 octahedra, edges with four equivalent ZnTe6 octahedra, and edges with four equivalent GaTe6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. There are two shorter (2.84 Å) and four longer (2.91 Å) Ga–Te bond lengths. In the second Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form GaTe6 octahedra that share corners with four equivalent GaTe6 octahedra, edges with four equivalent ZnTe6 octahedra, and edges with four equivalent GaTe6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 1°. There are two shorter (2.79 Å) and four longer (2.91 Å) Ga–Te bond lengths. There are four inequivalent Te2- sites. In the first Te2- site, Te2- is bonded to two equivalent Zn2+ and three Ga3+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TeZn2Ga3 square pyramids. In the second Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to one Zn2+ and three Ga3+ atoms. The Te–Zn bond length is 2.80 Å. In the third Te2- site, Te2- is bonded to two equivalent Zn2+ and three Ga3+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TeZn2Ga3 square pyramids. In the fourth Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to one Zn2+ and three Ga3+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(H3C)2 by Materials Project

Zn(CH3)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four dimethylzinc molecules. Zn2+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent C4- atoms. Both Zn–C bond lengths are 1.94 Å. C4- is bonded to one Zn2+ and three H1+ atoms to form corner-sharing CZnH3 tetrahedra. All C–H bond lengths are 1.10 Å. There are four inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4- atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4- atom. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4- atom. The H–C bond length is 1.10 Å. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4- atom. The H–C bond length is 1.10 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(GaS2)2 by Materials Project

ZnGa2S4 crystallizes in the monoclinic Cm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two ZnGa2S4 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In one of the ZnGa2S4 sheets, Zn2+ is bonded to four S2- atoms to form ZnS4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent GaS6 octahedra and corners with six equivalent ZnS4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 61°. There are a spread of Zn–S bond distances ranging from 2.25–2.59 Å. There are two inequivalent Ga3+ sites. In the first Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form GaS6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent ZnS4 tetrahedra, corners with three equivalent GaS4 tetrahedra, and edges with six equivalent GaS6 octahedra. There are three shorter (2.45 Å) and three longer (2.59 Å) Ga–S bond lengths. In the second Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to four S2- atoms to form GaS4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent GaS6 octahedra and corners with six equivalent GaS4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 56°. There are a spread of Ga–S bond distances ranging from 2.27–2.36 Å. There are four inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent Zn2+ atoms. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded to one Zn2+ and three equivalent Ga3+ atoms to form corner-sharing SZnGa3 tetrahedra. In the third S2- site, S2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four Ga3+ atoms. In the fourth S2- site, S2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent Ga3+ atoms. In one of the ZnGa2S4 sheets, Zn2+ is bonded to four S2- atoms to form ZnS4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent GaS6 octahedra and corners with six equivalent ZnS4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 61–62°. There are a spread of Zn–S bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.68 Å. There are two inequivalent Ga3+ sites. In the first Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form GaS6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent ZnS4 tetrahedra, corners with three equivalent GaS4 tetrahedra, and edges with six equivalent GaS6 octahedra. There are three shorter (2.45 Å) and three longer (2.59 Å) Ga–S bond lengths. In the second Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to four S2- atoms to form GaS4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent GaS6 octahedra and corners with six equivalent GaS4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 56°. There are one shorter (2.27 Å) and three longer (2.35 Å) Ga–S bond lengths. There are four inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent Zn2+ atoms. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded to one Zn2+ and three equivalent Ga3+ atoms to form distorted corner-sharing SZnGa3 tetrahedra. In the third S2- site, S2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four Ga3+ atoms. In the fourth S2- site, S2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent Ga3+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(NCl)2 by Materials Project

ZnN2Cl2 is Silicon tetrafluoride-derived structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Imma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four ZnN2Cl2 clusters. Zn2+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to two equivalent N and two equivalent Cl1- atoms. Both Zn–N bond lengths are 2.17 Å. Both Zn–Cl bond lengths are 2.16 Å. N is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Zn2+ atom. Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Zn2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(BH4)2 by Materials Project

Zn(BH4)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4_122 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Zn2+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight H+0.50+ atoms. There are four shorter (1.88 Å) and four longer (2.18 Å) Zn–H bond lengths. B3- is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four H+0.50+ atoms. There is two shorter (1.22 Å) and two longer (1.24 Å) B–H bond length. There are two inequivalent H+0.50+ sites. In the first H+0.50+ site, H+0.50+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Zn2+ and one B3- atom. In the second H+0.50+ site, H+0.50+ is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to one Zn2+ and one B3- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Broadband and Tunable Microwave Absorption Properties from Large Magnetic Loss in Ni–Zn Ferrite

Highly effective electromagnetic (EM) wave absorber materials with strong reflection loss (RL) and a wide absorption bandwidth (EBW) in gigahertz (GHz) frequencies are crucial for advanced wireless applications and portable electronics. Traditional microwave absorbers lack magnetic loss and struggle with impedance matching, while ferrites are stable, exhibit excellent magnetic and dielectric losses, and offer better impedance matching. However, achieving the desired EBW in ferrites remains a challenge, necessitating further composition design. In this study, impedance matching is successfully enhanced and EBW in Ni–Zn ferrite is broadened by successive doping with Mn and Co , without incorporation of any polymer filler. It is found that Ni 0.4 Co 0.1 Zn 0.5 Fe 1.9 Mn 0.1 O 4 material exhibits exceptional EM wave absorption, with a maximum RL of −48.7 dB. It also featured a significant EBW of 10.8 GHz, maintaining a 90% absorption rate (RL < −10 dB) for a thickness of 4.5 mm. These outstanding properties result from substantial magnetic losses and favorable impedance matching. These findings represent a significant step forward in the development of microwave absorber materials, addressing EM wave pollution concerns within GHz frequencies, including the frequency band used in popular 5G technology.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Simultaneously Integrating Single Atomic Cobalt Sites and Co 9 S 8 Nanoparticles into Hollow Carbon Nanotubes as Trifunctional Electrocatalysts for Zn–Air Batteries to Drive Water Splitting

The development of rechargeable metal–air batteries and water electrolyzers are highly constrained by electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the construction of efficient trifunctional electrocatalysts for ORR/OER/HER are highly desirable yet challenging. Herein, hollow carbon nanotubes integrated single cobalt atoms with Co9S8 nanoparticles (CoSA + Co 9 S 8 /HCNT) are fabricated by a straightforward in situ self-sacrificing strategy. The structure of the CoSA + Co 9 S 8 /HCNT are verified by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Theoretical calculations and experimental results embrace the synergistic effects between Co 9 S 8 nanoparticles and single cobalt atoms through optimizing the electronic configuration of the CoN4 active sites to lower the reaction barrier and facilitating the ORR, OER, and HER simultaneously. Consequently, rechargeable liquid and all-solid-state flexible Zn–air batteries based on CoSA + Co 9 S 8 /HCNT exhibit remarkable stability and excellent power density of 177.33 and 51.85 mW cm -2 , respectively, better than Pt/C + RuO 2 counterparts. Moreover, the as-fabricated Zn–air batteries can drive an overall water splitting device assembled with CoSA + Co 9 S 8 /HCNT and achieve a current density of 10 mA cm -2 at a low voltage of 1.59 V, also superior to Pt/C + RuO 2 . Therefore, we conclude, this work presents a promising approach to an efficient trifunctional electrocatalyst toward practical applications.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Lewis Acid Site Assisted Bifunctional Activity of Tin Doped Gallium Oxide and Its Application in Rechargeable Zn‐Air Batteries

The enhanced safety, superior energy, and power density of rechargeable metal‐air batteries make them ideal energy storage systems for application in energy grids and electric vehicles. However, the absence of a cost‐effective and stable bifunctional catalyst that can replace expensive platinum (Pt)‐based catalyst to promote oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the air cathode hinders their broader adaptation. Here, in this work, it is demonstrated that Tin (Sn) doped β‐gallium oxide (β‐Ga 2 O 3 ) in the bulk form can efficiently catalyze ORR and OER and, hence, be applied as the cathode in Zn‐air batteries. The Sn‐doped β‐Ga 2 O 3 sample with 15% Sn (Sn x =0.15 ‐Ga 2 O 3 ) displayed exceptional catalytic activity for a bulk, non‐noble metal‐based catalyst. When used as a cathode, the excellent electrocatalytic bifunctional activity of Sn x =0.15 ‐Ga 2 O 3 leads to a prototype Zn‐air battery with a high‐power density of 138 mW cm −2 and improved cycling stability compared to devices with benchmark Pt‐based cathode. The combined experimental and theoretical exploration revealed that the Lewis acid sites in β‐Ga 2 O 3 aid in regulating the electron density distribution on the Sn‐doped sites, optimize the adsorption energies of reaction intermediates, and facilitate the formation of critical reaction intermediate (O*), leading to enhanced electrocatalytic activity.

Lewis acid sites↗
DOE OSTI2023

Microstructural evolution and intermetallic formation in Zn-3Mg (wt%) powder mixture processed by high-pressure torsion

Severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques have been used extensively over the past 40 years for producing strong metals and alloys. High-pressure torsion (HPT) is one of the most promising SPD techniques for achieving high strength through nanoscale grain refinement and phase transformation. In this research, a mixture of pure zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg) powders, Zn-3Mg (wt%), was HPT-processed under a pressure of 6 GPa for 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 turns at room temperature to achieve a high strength biodegradable material. In order to understand the effects of pre-consolidation on the resulting microstructure and hardness, HPT processing was performed on loose powders placed in the die and also on a pre-compacted powder mixture and the resulting HPT disks were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, and Vickers microhardness. In both cases, the HPT disk microstructures contained nanoscale grains, and stable and metastable strain-induced intermetallics, but an unusual softening appeared at large shear strains. Grain size, grain morphology, and the formation of different intermetallics were analyzed to explain the unusual hardness distribution, and it was found that an inverse Hall-Petch relationship between hardness and grain size exists. It is suggested that thermally-activated phenomena such as grain boundary sliding contributed to the strain-induced softening of this nano-structured biomaterial due to its low melting point. Finally, the current results are compared with those for HPT-processed cast alloys and hybrids of the same composition.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗