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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 289 records · Page 16
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Human Lung Cellular Response to HCoV-229E Infection, Post-Translational Modification Proteomics Time Course (ACS-TZ-DP6)

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the human lung cellular response to wild type human coronavirus strain 229E (HCoV-229E) infection. Sample data was obtained for mock-infected and HCoV-229E infected immortalized human lung epithelial cells (A549) (MOI 3) and immortalized human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) (MOI 3). Whole cell lysates were collected at 8, 16, and 24 hours post infection and were processed for post translational modification (PTM) proteomics analysis to determine the HCoV-229E phosphoproteome, redox proteome, and acetylation proteome.

Sims, Amy C [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory↗
DOE OSTI2022

Translating advances in microbial bioproduction to sustainable biotechnology

Advances in synthetic biology have radically changed our ability to rewire microorganisms and significantly improved the scalable production of a vast array of drop-in biopolymers and biofuels. The success of a drop-in bioproduct is contingent on market competition with petrochemical analogues and weighted upon relative economic and environmental metrics. While the quantification of comparative trade-offs is critical for accurate process-level decision making, the translation of industrial ecology to synthetic biology is often ambiguous and assessment accuracy has proven challenging. In this review, we explore strategies for evaluating industrial biotechnology through life cycle and techno-economic assessment, then contextualize how recent developments in synthetic biology have improved process viability by expanding feedstock availability and the productivity of microbes. By juxtaposing biological and industrial constraints, we highlight major obstacles between the disparate disciplines that hinder accurate process evaluation. The convergence of these disciplines is crucial in shifting towards carbon neutrality and a circular bioeconomy.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

CrossMP: Enabling Cross-Modality Translation between Single-Cell RNA-Seq and Single-Cell ATAC-Seq through Web-Based Portal

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in profiling multiomic modalities within individual cells simultaneously. One such example is integrating combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and single-cell transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) data. Integrated analysis of diverse modalities has helped researchers make more accurate predictions and gain a more comprehensive understanding than with single-modality analysis. However, generating such multimodal data is technically challenging and expensive, leading to limited availability of single-cell co-assay data. Here, we propose a model for cross-modal prediction between the transcriptome and chromatin profiles in single cells. Our model is based on a deep neural network architecture that learns the latent representations from the source modality and then predicts the target modality. It demonstrates reliable performance in accurately translating between these modalities across multiple paired human scATAC-seq and scRNA-seq datasets. Additionally, we developed CrossMP, a web-based portal allowing researchers to upload their single-cell modality data through an interactive web interface and predict the other type of modality data, using high-performance computing resources plugged at the backend.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Myths of German Graphite in World War II, with Original Translations

We re-examine the common narrative that a 1941 experimental error by physicists Walther Bothe and Peter Jensen led Germany to abandon graphite as a reactor moderator during World War II. We first detail the history of both German and American graphite experiments, noting that the Americans faced similar setbacks but succeeded only at the end of a costly 18-month graphite purification program. We then use Monte Carlo N-Particle simulations to reconstruct Bothe's 1941 experiment. We find the thermal absorption cross section of Bothe's Siemens electrographite to be 12.2 mb, in contrast to his reported 7.9 mb. This discrepancy arises because the neutrons in Bothe's experiment did not reach thermal equilibrium, leading to an underestimation of neutron absorption. Additionally, despite misconceptions that the Germans were unaware of boron impurities, we share evidence that Wilhelm Hanle accurately measured boron and cadmium impurities in the electrographite. To support our findings, we provide 9 excerpted and 3 complete English translations of classified wartime reports by Heisenberg, Joos, Bothe, Jensen, Höcker, Hanle, and Kremer. Our work aims to illuminate the rational constraints behind Germany's decision to forgo graphite moderation.

Park, Patrick J.↗
DOE OSTI2026

Solar PV Energy: Myths and Realities (Spanish Translation)

Solar energy is growing at record rates, but its rapid expansion brings little-discussed challenges. I will present the global deployment goals and how these translate into future amounts of waste and critical material needs. I will also address common myths about end of life, toxicity, and the real impacts of technological changes, and why research in reliability and field testing is essential to ensure a resilient, sustainable network prepared for the next decades of photovoltaic growth.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Altering translation allows E. coli to overcome chemically stabilized G-quadruplexes

To investigate the effects of stabilizing G-quadruplexes on Escherichia coli, cells were grown in the presence of the G-quadruplex stabilizing compound, NMM, and RNA-seq was performed. This was done for the control cell strain (MG1655 dtolC) as well as a strain with a decrease in a translation elongation factor (MG1655 dtolC tufA::kan). TPM values were used for differential gene expression analysis between each growth condition. All samples were grown and sequenced in triplicate.

Keck, James L.↗
NASA NTRS1957

Performance Comparison at Mach Numbers 1.8 and 2.0 of Full Scale and Quarter Scale Translating-Spike Inlets

The performance of a full-scale translating-spike inlet was obtained at Mach numbers of 1.8 and 2.0 and at angles of attach from 0 deg to 6 deg. Comparisons were made between the full-scale production inlet configuration and a geometrically similar quarter-scale model. The inlet pressure-recovery, cowl pressure-distribution, and compressor-face distortion characteristics of the full-scale inlet agreed fairly well with the quarter-scale results. In addition, the results indicated that bleeding around the periphery ahead of the compressor-face station improved pressure recovery and compressor-face distortion, especially at angle of attack.

Anderson, B. H.↗