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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 289 records · Page 16
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1996

Head Up Displays. (Latest citations from the Aerospace Database)

The bibliography contains citations concerning the design, fabrication, and applications of head up displays (HUDs). Applications include military aircraft, helicopters, space shuttle, and commercial aircraft. Functions of the display include instrument approach, target tracking, and navigation. The head up display provides for an integrated avionics system with the pilot in the loop. (Contains 50-250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.)

DISPLAY DEVICES↗
NASA NTRS1997

Aviation Simulators for the Desktop: Panel and Demonstrations

Panel Members are: Christine M. Mitchell (Georgia Tech), Michael T. Palmer (NASA Langley), Greg Pisani (NASA Ames), and Amy R. Pritchett (MIT). The Panel members are affiliated with aviation human factors groups from NASA Ames, NASA Langley, MITCHELL Department of Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering, and Georgia Technics Center for Human-Machine Systems Research. Panelists will describe the simulator(s) used in their respective institutions including a description of the FMS aircraft models, software, hardware, and displays. Panelists will summarize previous, on-going, and planned empirical studies conducted with the simulators. Greg Pisanich will describe two NASA Ames simulation systems: the Stone Soup Simulator (SSS), and the Airspace Operations Human Factors Simulation Laboratory. The the Stone Soup Simulator is a desktop-based, research flight simulator that includes mode control, flight management, and datalink functionality. It has been developed as a non-proprietary simulator that can be easily distributed to academic and industry researchers who are collaborating on NASA research projects. It will be used and extended by research groups represented by at least two panelists (Mitchell and Palmer). The Airspace Operations Simulator supports the study of air traffic control in conjunction with the flight deck. This simulator will be used provide an environment in which many AATT and free flight concepts can be demonstrated and evaluated. Mike Palmer will describe two NASA Langley efforts: The Langley Simulator and MD-11 extensions to the NASA Amesbury simulator. The first simulator is publicly available and combines a B-737 model with a high fidelity flight management system. The second simulator enhances the S3 simulator with MD-11 electronic flight displays together with modifications to the flight and FMS models to emulate MD-11 dynamics and operations. Chris Mitchell will describe GT-EFIRT (Georgia Tech-Electronic Flight Instrument Research Tool) and B-757 enhancements to the NASA Ames S3. GT-EFIRT is a medium fidelity simulator used to conduct preliminary studies of the CATS (crew activity tracking system). Like the Langley efforts with S3, the Georgia Tech enhancements will allow it to emulate the dynamics and operations of a widely used glass cockpit. Amy Pritchett will describe the MIT simulator(s) that have been used in a range of research investigating cockpit displays, warning devices, and flight deck-ATC interaction.

Pisanich, Greg↗
NASA NTRS2009

Internet Protocol Display Sharing Solution for Mission Control Center Video System

With the advent of broadcast television as a constant source of information throughout the NASA manned space flight Mission Control Center (MCC) at the Johnson Space Center (JSC), the current Video Transport System (VTS) characteristics provides the ability to visually enhance real-time applications as a broadcast channel that decision making flight controllers come to rely on, but can be difficult to maintain and costly. The Operations Technology Facility (OTF) of the Mission Operations Facility Division (MOFD) has been tasked to provide insight to new innovative technological solutions for the MCC environment focusing on alternative architectures for a VTS. New technology will be provided to enable sharing of all imagery from one specific computer display, better known as Display Sharing (DS), to other computer displays and display systems such as; large projector systems, flight control rooms, and back supporting rooms throughout the facilities and other offsite centers using IP networks. It has been stated that Internet Protocol (IP) applications are easily readied to substitute for the current visual architecture, but quality and speed may need to be forfeited for reducing cost and maintainability. Although the IP infrastructure can support many technologies, the simple task of sharing ones computer display can be rather clumsy and difficult to configure and manage to the many operators and products. The DS process shall invest in collectively automating the sharing of images while focusing on such characteristics as; managing bandwidth, encrypting security measures, synchronizing disconnections from loss of signal / loss of acquisitions, performance latency, and provide functions like, scalability, multi-sharing, ease of initial integration / sustained configuration, integration with video adjustments packages, collaborative tools, host / recipient controllability, and the utmost paramount priority, an enterprise solution that provides ownership to the whole process, while maintaining the integrity of the latest technological displayed image devices. This study will provide insights to the many possibilities that can be filtered down to a harmoniously responsive product that can be used in today's MCC environment.

Brown, Michael A.↗
NASA NTRS2014

Integrated Launch Operations Applications Remote Display Developer

This internship provides the opportunity to support the creation and use of Firing Room Displays and Firing Room Applications that use an abstraction layer called the Application Control Language (ACL). Required training included video watching, reading assignments, face-to-face instruction and job shadowing other Firing Room software developers as they completed their daily duties. During the training period various computer and access rights needed for creating the applications were obtained. The specific ground subsystems supported are the Cryogenics Subsystems, Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) and Liquid Oxygen (LO2). The cryogenics team is given the task of finding the best way to handle these very volatile liquids that are used to fuel the Space Launch System (SLS) and the Orion flight vehicles safely.

Cryogenic Rocket Propellants↗
NASA NTRS2014

Design and Development of Functionally Operative and Visually Appealing Remote Firing Room Displays

This internship provided an opportunity for an intern to work with NASA's Ground Support Equipment (GSE) for the Spaceport Command and Control System (SCCS) at Kennedy Space Center as a remote display developer, under NASA mentor Kurt Leucht. The main focus was on creating remote displays for the hypergolic and high pressure helium subsystem team to help control the filling of the respective tanks. As a remote display developer for the GSE hypergolic and high pressure helium subsystem team the intern was responsible for creating and testing graphical remote displays to be used in the Launch Control Center (LCC) on the Firing Room's computer monitors. To become more familiar with the subsystem, the individual attended multiple project meetings and acquired their specific requirements regarding what needed to be included in the remote displays. After receiving the requirements, the next step was to create a display that had both visual appeal and logical order using the Display Editor, on the Virtual Machine (VM). In doing so, all Compact Unique Identifiers (CUI), which are associated with specific components within the subsystem, will need to be included in each respective display for the system to run properly. Then, once the display was created it needed to be tested to ensure that the display runs as intended by using the Test Driver, also found on the VM. This Test Driver is a specific application that checks to make sure all the CUIs in the display are running properly and returning the correct form of information. After creating and locally testing the display it will need to go through further testing and evaluation before deemed suitable for actual use. By the end of the semester long experience at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, the individual should have gained great knowledge and experience in various areas of display development and testing. They were able to demonstrate this new knowledge obtained by creating multiple successful remote displays that will one day be used by the hypergolic and high pressure helium subsystem team in one of the LCC's firing rooms to fill the new Orion spacecraft.

Ground Support Systems↗
NASA NTRS2014

Development and Testing of Functionally Operative and Visually Appealing Remote Firing Room Displays and Applications

This internship provided an opportunity for an intern to work with NASA's Ground Support Equipment (GSE) for the Spaceport Command and Control System (SCCS) at Kennedy Space Center as a remote display developer, under NASA technical mentor Kurt Leucht. The main focus was on creating remote displays and applications for the hypergolic and high pressure helium subsystem team to help control the filling of the respective tanks. As a remote display and application developer for the GSE hypergolic and high pressure helium subsystem team the intern was responsible for creating and testing graphical remote displays and applications to be used in the Launch Control Center (LCC) on the Firing Room's computers. To become more familiar with the subsystem, the individual attended multiple project meetings and acquired their specific requirements regarding what needed to be included in the software. After receiving the requirements for the displays, the next step was to create displays that had both visual appeal and logical order using the Display Editor, on the Virtual Machine (VM). In doing so, all Compact Unique Identifiers (CUI), which are associated with specific components within the subsystem, were need to be included in each respective display for the system to run properly. Then, once the display was created it was to be tested to ensure that the display runs as intended by using the Test Driver, also found on the VM. This Test Driver is a specific application that checks to make sure all the CUIs in the display are running properly and returning the correct form of information. After creating and locally testing the display it needed to go through further testing and evaluation before deemed suitable for actual use. For the remote applications the intern was responsible for creating a project that focused on channelizing each component included in each display. The core of the application code was created by setting up spreadsheets and having an auto test generator, generate the complete code structure. This application code was then loaded and ran on a testing environment set to ensure the code runs as anticipated. By the end of the semester-long experience at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, the individual should have gained great knowledge and experience in various areas of both display and application development and testing. They were able to demonstrate this new knowledge obtained by creating multiple successful remote displays that will one day be used by the hypergolic and high pressure helium subsystem team in the LCC's firing rooms to service the new Orion spacecraft. The completed display channelization application will be used to receive verification from NASA quality engineers.

Display Devices↗
NASA NTRS1999

Electrolytes for Li-Ion Cells in Low Temperature Applications

A number of upcoming NASA missions require energy storage devices which display high energy density and can effectively operate at low temperature. Lithium-ion batteries have been identified as the most promising technology which can meet these stringent requirements.

electrolytes↗
DOE OSTI2015

Bridging the gap: adapting advanced display technologies for use in hybrid control rooms

The Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), runs the OECD Halden Reactor Project (HRP), featuring a state-of-the-art research simulator facility in Halden, Norway, called HAMMLAB. HAMMLAB serves two main purposes: the study of human behaviour in interaction with complex process systems; and the development, test and evaluation of prototype control centres and their individual systems. By studying operator performance in HAMMLAB and integrating the knowledge gained into new designs, the HRP contributes to improving operational safety, reliability, efficiency and productivity. The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program has contracted IFE to assist DOE national laboratory staff at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in adapting HAMMLAB design concepts for the purpose of control room modernization at nuclear power plants in the U.S. In support of this effort, the DOE has built a simulator research facility at INL called the Human Systems Simulation Laboratory (HSSL). The HSSL is centered on control room modernization, in which industry provided plant instrumentation and controls are modified for upgrade opportunities. The HSSL houses the LWRS simulator, which is a reconfigurable full-scale and full-scope control room simulator. Consisting of 45 large touchscreens on 15 panels, the LWRS simulator is currently using this glass top technology to digitally represent and replicate the functionality of the analog I&C systems in existing control rooms. The LWRS simulator is reconfigurable in that different plant training simulator models obtained from the utilities can be run on the panels, and the panels can be physically moved and arranged to mimic the layout of those control rooms. The glass top technology and reconfigurability capabilities allow the LWRS simulator to be the research platform that is necessary to design, prototype, and validate human-system interface (HSI) technologies that can replace existing analog I&C. IFE has recently assisted INL in establishing the technical infrastructure for implementation of HSI prototypes from HAMMLAB into the HSSL to demonstrate relevant control room replacement systems in support of the LWRS program. In March, 2014, IFE delivered the first HSI prototype utilizing this infrastructure — a large screen overview display for INL's simulator. The co-operation now continues by developing Procedure Support Displays targeted for operators in hybrid control room settings. These prototypes are being validated with U.S. reactor operators in the HSSL and optimized to enhance their performance. This research serves as a crucial stepping stone toward incorporation of advanced display technologies into conventional main control rooms.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Criticality safety enhancements for SCALE 6.2 and beyond

SCALE is a widely used suite of tools for nuclear systems modeling and simulation that provides comprehensive, verified and validated, user-friendly capabilities for criticality safety, reactor physics, radiation shielding, and sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Since 1980, regulators, industry, and research institutions around the world have relied on SCALE for nuclear safety analysis and design. SCALE 6.2 provides several new capabilities and significant improvements in many existing features for criticality safety analysis. Enhancements are realized for nuclear data; multigroup resonance self-shielding; continuous-energy Monte Carlo analysis for sensitivity/uncertainty analysis, radiation shielding, and depletion; and graphical user interfaces. An overview of these capabilities is provided in this paper, and additional details are provided in several companion papers.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
NASA NTRS1974

PLOTTER: An independent computer program for the generation of graphical displays

A computer program is described for generating graphical information from input data or auxiliary analysis programs on a variety of graphical devices. Options are presented for tabulating the data in columnar format and for plotting auxiliary text in the vicinity of the plotted information. Display device selection is accomplished by interfacing the basic computer code through routines which convert the internally generated plot vectors to hardware commands for the display device. The plotting techniques employed in the computer program are discussed. User's instructions are presented with examples which illustrate the use of the program in generating plotted information from various sources and presenting the information in alternate plot formats. Technical discussion of the computer code is presented giving the physical characteristics, computer loading instructions and descriptions of the subroutines.

Glatt, C. R.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Color matrix display simulation based upon luminance and chromatic contrast sensitivity of early vision

This paper describes the design and operation of a new simulation model for color matrix display development. It models the physical structure, the signal processing, and the visual perception of static displays, to allow optimization of display design parameters through image quality measures. The model is simple, implemented in the Mathematica computer language, and highly modular. Signal processing modules operate on the original image. The hardware modules describe backlights and filters, the pixel shape, and the tiling of the pixels over the display. Small regions of the displayed image can be visualized on a CRT. Visual perception modules assume static foveal images. The image is converted into cone catches and then into luminance, red-green, and blue-yellow images. A Haar transform pyramid separates the three images into spatial frequency and direction-specific channels. The channels are scaled by weights taken from human contrast sensitivity measurements of chromatic and luminance mechanisms at similar frequencies and orientations. Each channel provides a detectability measure. These measures allow the comparison of images displayed on prospective devices and, by that, the optimization of display designs.

Martin, Russel A.↗
DOE OSTI2018

Producing EGS4 Shower Displays with the Unified Graphics System

The EGS4 Code System has been coupled with the SLAC Unified Graphics System in such a manner as to provide a means for displaying showers on UGS77-supported devices. This is most easily accomplished by attaching an auxiliary subprogram package (SHOWGRAF) t o existing EGS4 User Codes and making use of a graphics display or a post-processor code called EGS4PL. SHOWGRAF shower displays directly on interactive ing three-dimensional rotations, translations, may be used to create IBM 5080 color display devices, support- and zoom features, and providing illustration of particle types and energies by color and/or intensity. Alternatively, SHOWGRAF may be used to record a two-dimensional projection of the shower in a device-independent graphics file. The EGS4PL post-processor may then be used to convert this file into device-dependent graphics code for any UGS77-supported device. Options exist within EGS4PL that allow for two-dimensional translations and zoom, for creating line structure to indicate particle types and energies, and for optional display of particles by type. All of this is facilitated by means of the command processor EGS4PL EXEC together with new options (5080 and PDEV) with the standard EGS4IN EXEC routine for running EGS4 interactively under VM/SP.

Cowan, R.↗
DOE OSTI2016

Communicating with residential electrical devices via a vehicle telematics unit

A method of communicating with residential electrical devices using a vehicle telematics unit includes receiving information identifying a residential electrical device to control; displaying in a vehicle one or more controlled features of the identified residential electrical device; receiving from a vehicle occupant a selection of the displayed controlled features of the residential electrical device; sending an instruction from the vehicle telematics unit to the residential electrical device via a wireless carrier system in response to the received selection; and controlling the residential electrical device using the sent instruction.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2017

Time-Dependent Mechanical Response of APbX 3 (A = Cs, CH 3 NH 3 ; X = I, Br) Single Crystals [The Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Lead-Halide Perovskite Single Crystals are Independent of A-site Cation Chemistry]

The ease of processing hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite (HOIPs) films, belonging to a material class with composition ABX 3 , from solution and at mild temperatures promises their use in deformable technologies, including flexible photovoltaic devices, sensors, and displays. To successfully apply these materials in deformable devices, knowledge of their mechanical response to dynamic strain is necessary. The authors elucidate the time- and rate-dependent mechanical properties of HOIPs and an inorganic perovskite (IP) single crystal by measuring nanoindentation creep and stress relaxation. The observation of pop-in events and slip bands on the surface of the indented crystals demonstrate dislocation-mediated plastic deformation. The magnitudes of creep and relaxation of both HOIPs and IPs are similar, negating prior hypothesis that the presence of organic A-site cations alters the mechanical response of these materials. Moreover, these samples exhibit a pronounced increase in creep, and stress relaxation as a function of indentation rate whose magnitudes reflect differences in the rates of nucleation and propagation of dislocations within the crystal structures of HOIPs and IP. In conclusion, this contribution provides understanding that is critical for designing perovskite devices capable of withstanding mechanical deformations.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2011

Backup Alignment Devices on Shuttle: Heads-Up Display or Crew Optical Alignment Sight

NASA s Space Shuttle was built to withstand multiple failures while still keeping the crew and vehicle safe. Although the design of the Space Shuttle had a great deal of redundancy built into each system, there were often additional ways to keep systems in the best configuration if a failure were to occur. One such method was to use select pieces of hardware in a way for which they were not primarily intended. The primary function of the Heads-Up Display (HUD) was to provide the crew with a display of flight critical information during the entry phase. The primary function of the Crew Optical Alignment Sight (COAS) was to provide the crew an optical alignment capability for rendezvous and docking phases. An alignment device was required to keep the Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) well aligned for a safe Entry; nominally this alignment device would be the two on-board Star Trackers. However, in the event of a Star Tracker failure, the HUD or COAS could also be used as a backup alignment device, but only if the device had been calibrated beforehand. Once the HUD or COAS was calibrated and verified then it was considered an adequate backup to the Star Trackers for entry IMU alignment. There were procedures in place and the astronauts were trained on how to accurately calibrate the HUD or COAS and how to use them as an alignment device. The calibration procedure for the HUD and COAS had been performed on many Shuttle missions. Many of the first calibrations performed were for data gathering purposes to determine which device was more accurate as a backup alignment device, HUD or COAS. Once this was determined, the following missions would frequently calibrate the HUD in order to be one step closer to having the device ready in case it was needed as a backup alignment device.

Chavez, Melissa A.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Constructing and manipulating color imagery from digital data

The development of a multispectral scanner data analysis console is reported that incorporates a wideband tape unit, a teletypewriter, a digital computer, and color display as well as numeric display terminals. The device is able to digitize infrared scanner images and displays color differences according to signal differences between analog channels.

Davis, J. E.↗
DOE OSTI2013

Co-Percolating Graphene-Wrapped Silver Nanowire Network for High Performance, Highly Stable, Transparent Conducting Electrodes

Transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) require high transparency and low sheet resistance for applications in photovoltaics, photodetectors, flat panel displays, touch screen devices and imagers. Indium tin oxide (ITO), or other transparent conductive oxides, have typically been used, and provide a baseline sheet resistance (RS) vs. transparency (T) relationship. However, ITO is relatively expensive (due to limited abundance of Indium), brittle, unstable, and inflexible; moreover, ITO transparency drops rapidly for wavelengths above 1000 nm. Motivated by a need for transparent conductors with comparable (or better) RS at a given T, as well as flexible structures, several alternative material systems have been investigated. Single-layer graphene (SLG) or few-layer graphene provide sufficiently high transparency (≈97% per layer) to be a potential replacement for ITO. However, large-area synthesis approaches, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), typically yield films with relatively high sheet resistance due to small grain sizes and high-resistance grain boundaries (HGBs). In this paper, we report a hybrid structure employing a CVD SLG film and a network of silver nanowires (AgNWs): RS as low as 22 Ω/ (stabilized to 13 Ω/ after 4 months) have been observed at high transparency (88% at λ = 550 nm) in hybrid structures employing relatively low-cost commercial graphene with a starting RS of 770 Ω/. This sheet resistance is superior to typical reported values for ITO, comparable to the best reported TCEs employing graphene and/or random nanowire networks, and the film properties exhibit impressive stability under mechanical pressure, mechanical bending and over time. The design is inspired by the theory of a co-percolating network where conduction bottlenecks of a 2D film (e.g., SLG, MoS2) are circumvented by a 1D network (e.g., AgNWs, CNTs) and vice versa. The development of these high-performance hybrid structures provides a route towards robust, scalable and low-cost approaches for realizing high-performance TCE.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1988

PC-CUBE: A Personal Computer Based Hypercube

PC-CUBE is an ensemble of IBM PCs or close compatibles connected in the hypercube topology with ordinary computer cables. Communication occurs at the rate of 115.2 K-band via the RS-232 serial links. Available for PC-CUBE is the Crystalline Operating System III (CrOS III), Mercury Operating System, CUBIX and PLOTIX which are parallel I/O and graphics libraries. A CrOS performance monitor was developed to facilitate the measurement of communication and computation time of a program and their effects on performance. Also available are CXLISP, a parallel version of the XLISP interpreter; GRAFIX, some graphics routines for the EGA and CGA; and a general execution profiler for determining execution time spent by program subroutines. PC-CUBE provides a programming environment similar to all hypercube systems running CrOS III, Mercury and CUBIX. In addition, every node (personal computer) has its own graphics display monitor and storage devices. These allow data to be displayed or stored at every processor, which has much instructional value and enables easier debugging of applications. Some application programs which are taken from the book Solving Problems on Concurrent Processors (Fox 88) were implemented with graphics enhancement on PC-CUBE. The applications range from solving the Mandelbrot set, Laplace equation, wave equation, long range force interaction, to WaTor, an ecological simulation.

Ho, Alex↗