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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 289 records · Page 16
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Use of the Manuela 3D/Radiation Scanning Tool at Nuclear Facilities - 20437

Licensees, facility operators and decommissioning contractors have a need for comprehensive, accurate and precise radiological and topographical data to plan and execute safe and efficient Decontamination and Decommissioning (D and D) projects. Traditional approaches rely greatly upon labor and administratively intensive data collection methods that require considerable time and effort to glean the relevant data to plan and perform work in a radiological work area. Orano Decommissioning Services has developed and utilized at French nuclear facilities a lightweight portable scanning instrument called MANUELA (Mobile Apparatus for Nuclear Expertise Localization Assistance). Recently Orano conducted demonstrations at two United States nuclear facilities using MANUELA that may prove useful in areas of the fuel cycle including: - ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) planning during facility operations; - Scoping and site characterization during the D and D planning phase; - Remedial action support during active decommissioning work; - Radiation and modeling planning for plant modifications; - Support Final Status Survey and demonstration of 'end state' compliance for license termination. MANUELA is currently being evaluated for use during decommissioning of nuclear facilities and could aide in demonstrating compliance with end state criteria after decommissioning. Of particular interest are decommissioning projects planned for various sites across the United States. Most of these sites present unique challenges and opportunities to safely and efficiently decommission in a regulatory compliant manner. The two demonstration site's current conditions of relatively low radiation levels inside containment proved to be ideal platforms to deploy the MANUELA instrument for evaluation of the complex geometries typically found in a nuclear facility. The MANUELA instrument was able to precisely identify local hot spots of the reactor system's primary equipment and was able to simultaneously overlay the dose information onto the scanned 3D images. Using data like this, a licensee would be able to make informed technical and personnel decisions on methods to remediate, shield or properly dispose of the radioactive source term. MANUELA can be used throughout the decommissioning process to validate progress and continue to refine the work activities to optimize the efforts of the crew which reduces downtime waiting for survey results, whereas traditional survey methodology relies on a physical survey to be performed and the data transcribed onto survey maps that are only two dimensional. The traditional format tends to be inaccurate and difficult to interpret the precise location(s) of hot spots or generalized dose rates. The resultant scan also allows the user to know the exact extent of the survey versus transposing information onto a map with only a portion of the map area scanned. MANUELA also compiles all of the relevant survey data into a downloadable table format which includes the measurement identification number, time stamp, point space location on the XYZ plane, and the dose rate value. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2018

Three-dimensional model of intracellular and intercellular Ca2+ waves propagation in endothelial cells

Highlights: • Image-based 3D simulation model for intercellular and intracellular Ca{sup 2+} waves. • Metabolic reactions were divided into membrane and cytoplasm domains. • Ca{sup 2+} and IP{sub 3} diffused across the cell and gap junctions. • Ca{sup 2+} waves are propagated from focal stimulated point in numerical simulation. • Ca{sup 2+} wave speed was in agreement with those from cell culture experiments. Intracellular and intercellular Ca{sup 2+} waves play key roles in cellular functions, and focal stimulation triggers Ca{sup 2+} wave propagation from stimulation points to neighboring cells, involving localized metabolism reactions and specific diffusion processes. Among these, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP{sub 3}) is produced at membranes and diffuses into the cytoplasm to release Ca{sup 2+} from endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) simulation model for intercellular and intracellular Ca{sup 2+} waves in endothelial cells (ECs). 3D model of 2 cells was reconstructed from confocal microscopic images and was connected via gap junctions. Cells have membrane and cytoplasm domains, and metabolic reactions were divided into each domain. Finally, the intracellular and intercellular Ca{sup 2+} wave propagations were induced using microscopic stimulation and were compared between numerical simulations and experiments. The experiments showed that initial sharp increases in intracellular Ca{sup 2+} occurred approximately 0.3 s after application of stimuli. In addition, Ca{sup 2+} wave speeds remained constant in cells, with intracellular and intercellular speeds of approximately 35 and 15 μm/s, respectively. Simulations indicated initial increases in Ca{sup 2+} concentrations at points of stimulation, and these were then propagated across stimulated and neighboring cells. In particular, initial rapid increases in intracellular Ca{sup 2+} were delayed and subsequent intracellular and intercellular Ca{sup 2+} wave speeds were approximately 25 and 12 μm/s, respectively. Simulation results were in agreement with those from cell culture experiments, indicating the utility of our 3D model for investigations of intracellular and intercellular messaging in ECs.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Rhizogrids and 3D molecular root imaging workflow

Rhizogrid guided molecular root imaging workflow enables investigating root rhizosphere interactions in a near native environment. Non-invasive root images are captured, and three-dimensional root images are reconstructed using x-ray computed tomography technique. Root and rhizosphere samples are then harvested and processed for root-rhizosphere metabolite and microbial profiling.

Handakumbura, Pubudu↗
DOE OSTI2022

CSEM Fluid Monitoring Methodology Using Real Data Examples

Conference presentation at International Meeting for Applied Geoscience & Energy (IMAGE), Houston, Texas, August 28 – September 1, 2023. Using field data from hydrocarbon and CO 2 applications, we illustrate the importance of a workflow and adaption to the target on hand. Verifying the geophysical acquisition and processing steps with 3D modeling and checking them against a 3D anisotropic log-derived model maintains confidence in the workflow and minimizes the influence on the data. This allows us to predict data validity and to certify the data with respect to the borehole logs.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2020

In Situ Analysis of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Simultaneous High-Speed Infrared and X-ray Imaging

Laser powder bed fusion is a metal additive manufacturing technique that has received significant scientific and industrial attention over the past decades. However, the quality and reproducibility of parts manufactured by this technique is still a problem. Overcoming this issue requires an understanding of multiple complex physical phenomena which occur simultaneously during the process. Here, we illustrate a powerful new technique which synchronizes high-speed x-ray imaging with high-speed infrared imaging to study laser powder bed fusion processes in real time. Using this technique, we demonstrate the simultaneous observation of multiple phenomena including three-dimensional melt pool visualization, vapor plume dynamics, spatter formation, thermal history, and point cooling rates. The paired observation of these dynamic phenomena is critical to understanding the fundamentals of laser powder bed fusion, and the overall impact of process parameters on print quality.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2018

Risk-Based Explosion Assessment Internal Explosion of Exploration Upper Stage in Vehicle Assembly Building

This paper presents risk-based explosion analyses used to determine if an explosion of NASA's Space Launch System (SLS) Exploration Upper Stage (EUS) during fueling in Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) High Bay 4 can hazard the Space Launch System (SLS) being processed in Bay 3. This paper focuses on blast fragmentation as it was the controlling hazard. An estimate of the amount of Net Explosion Weight (NEW) was used to develop a fragment list (mass, shape, takeoff velocity/angle) given an explosion occurs at ground level in Bay 4. Intervening superstructure that exists between Bay 4 and Bay 3 (that could potentially block EUS fragments) was modeled based on detailed visual images (VISSIM) and AUTOCAD/structural drawings. The fragment list was input to a 3D trajectory application that performs multiple random explosion simulations; each simulation varying fragment ballistic coefficient and takeoff angle/velocity. Individual fragments are tracked until stopped by the intervening superstructure or reach Bay 3, potentially impacting the SLS. The probability of impacting the SLS is then determined from the random simulations; the results are used to help decision-makers determine the efficacy of co-processing within the VAB and decide what mitigations may be appropriate.

Explosion Assessment↗
DOE OSTI2021

Performance of Compact Pulsed Thermal Imaging System for In-Service Applications. Pulsed thermal tomography nondestructive examination of additively manufactured reactor materials and components

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerging method for cost-efficient fabrication of complex topology nuclear reactor parts from high-strength corrosion resistance alloys, such as stainless steel and Inconel. AM of metallic structures for nuclear energy applications is currently based on laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process, which has the capability of melting metallic powder and net shaping the structures with relatively high precision. Some of the challenges with using LPBF method for nuclear manufacturing include the possibility of introducing pores into metallic structures. Integrity of AM structures needs to be evaluated nondestructively because material flaws could lead to premature failures due to creep in high temperature nuclear reactor environment. Currently, there exist limited capabilities to evaluate actual AM structures nondestructively. Pulsed Thermography (PT) imaging provides a capability for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of sub-surface defects in arbitrary size structures. The PT method is based on recording material surface temperature transients with infrared (IR) camera following thermal pulse delivered on material surface with flash light. The PT method has advantages for NDE of actual AM structures because the method involves one-sided non-contact measurements and fast processing of large sample areas captured in one image. The data cube of PT measurements consists of surface temperature taken at sequential time intervals T(x,y,t). Material defects can be detected either by analyzing the thermograms T(x,y,t) data cube, or by using thermal tomography (TT) algorithm to obtain 3D spatial reconstruction of thermal effusivity e(x,y,z). To reduce the cost and enable in-service NDE in spatially constrained environment, it is highly desirable to develop PT with compact and inexpensive IR camera. Following initial qualification of an AM component for deployment in a nuclear reactor, a compact PT system can also be used for in-service nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications. However, data cube obtained with PT based on compact IR camera suffers from strong thermal noises and loss of features due to relatively low sampling rate. In this report we describe two unsupervised machine learning (ML) algorithms for enhancement of PT images obtained with compact IR camera. In one approach, we introduce Sparse Coding Discrete Cosine Transform (SC/DCT) algorithm to remove additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) from spatial thermal effusivity reconstructions. In another approach we introduce a Spatial Temporal Denoised Thermal Source Separation (STDTSS) ML algorithm to process thermograms. The STDTSS algorithm consists of spatial and temporal denoising using Gaussian and Savitzky–Golay filtering, followed by the matrix decomposition using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to automatically detect flaws. In the work described in this report, we constructed a compact PT system using a relatively small and low-cost FLIR A65 camera, consisting on uncooled microbolometer detector. Performance of SC/DCT algorithm was demonstrated on enhancing TT images of Inconel 718 AM plate. Performance of the STDTSS methods was investigated using thermography data obtained from imaging stainless steel 316L specimens produced with LPBF method with imprinted calibrated porosity defects.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Comparison of automated chemical-guided segmentation and human annotation of soil organic matter in X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging in contrasted soil types

Soil organic matter (OM) formation and persistence is strongly influenced by the spatial distribution of organic substrates and microscale soil heterogeneity by dictating OM accessibility to microorganisms. However, traditional size and/or density fractionation techniques disrupt aggregate architecture, eliminating spatial information needed to fully understand intra-aggregate OM distribution. To quantify three-dimensional OM spatial distribution and automate segmentation in X-ray microcomputed tomography (µCT) imaging without human annotation bias, we developed an iodine gas vapor (I2) based staining workflow that eliminates labor-intensive manual annotation while maintaining segmentation accuracy, using aggregates from four taxonomically diverse soils (Xerofluvent, Haploxeroll Sphagnofibrist, Palehumult) with an 8-fold range of soil organic carbon. Human annotation of 10 µCT slices by the experienced and inexperienced annotators resulted in variations up to 3% in the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), reflecting a degree of inherent subjectivity of manual labeling. Such inconsistencies are expected to compound as the number of manually annotated slices increases. Dual-energy µCT imaging at 33.1 keV (below the iodine (I) K-edge) and 33.2 keV (above the I K-edge) was used to resolve aggregate microstructure following I2 staining. The automated image subtraction pipeline identified OM regions by the I Kedge induced brightness increases, achieving DSC values of 0.58–0.83 relative to an experienced annotator. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the reconstruction alpha value—optimized via the open-source tool TomocuPy—and the 3D registration slice count were the primary determinants of accuracy, providing a novel benchmark for dual-energy soil imaging. The pipeline without GPU acceleration achieved 9.6 to 43.2 times faster than manual annotation. Using GPU-accelerated image post-processing and affine transformation matrices, the pipeline successfully segmented OM elements for large-scale datasets (3232×3232 pixel, 2048 slices) within ~5200 s from raw file acquisition to segmented output. The high-throughput approach enables the quantification of OM spatial distribution across diverse and heterogeneous soil.

Soil microbial biomass↗
NASA NTRS2023

Interrogating Solar Flare Loop Models with IRIS Observations 2: Plasma Properties, Energy Transport, and Future Directions

During solar flares a tremendous amount of magnetic energy is released and transported through the Sun’s atmosphere and out into the heliosphere. Despite over a century of study, many unresolved questions surrounding solar flares are still present. Among those are how does the solar plasma respond to flare energy deposition, and what are the important physical processes that transport that energy from the release site in the corona through the transition region and chromosphere? Attacking these questions requires the concert of advanced numerical simulations and high spatial-, temporal-, and spectral-resolution observations. While flares are 3D phenomenon, simulating the NLTE flaring chromosphere in 3D and performing parameter studies of 3D models is largely outwith our current computational capabilities. We instead rely on state-of-the-art 1D field-aligned simulations to study the physical processes that govern flares. Over the last decade, data from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) have provided the crucial observations with which we can critically interrogate the predictions of those flare loop models. Here in Paper 2 of a two-part review of IRIS and flare loop models, I discuss how forward modelling flares can help us understand the observations from IRIS, and how IRIS can reveal where our models do well and where we are likely missing important processes, focussing in particular on the plasma properties, energy transport mechanisms, and future directions of flare modelling.

solar flares↗
DOE OSTI2023

Using micro-XRF to characterize chloride ingress through cold joints in 3D printed concrete

Digital fabrication methods with concrete have been rapidly developing, with many problems related to component production and material control being solved in recent years. These processes produce inherently layered cementitious components that are anisotropic, and in many cases, produces a weak interface between layers, which are generally referred to as cold joints. While material strength at these interfaces has been well studied in recent years, durability has received less attention, even though cold joints can function as channels for aggressive agents, such as chlorides. This work presents a method using micro-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) to image chloride ingress into layer interfaces of 3D printed fine-grained concrete specimens produced with varying layer deposition time intervals, and also compares it to neutron imaging of moisture uptake. The results show that cold joints formed after a 1 day time interval are highly susceptible to chloride ingress, and that curing conditions play a major role in how quickly interfacial transport can take place. The μXRF method is also shown to be useful for study of transport of chlorides in cold joints, due to its spatial resolution and direct analysis of an aggressive species of interest.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1975

Acquisition of quantitative physiological data and computerized image reconstruction using a single scan TV system

Single scan operation of television X-ray fluoroscopic systems allow both analog and digital reconstruction of tomographic sections from single plan images. This type of system combined with a minimum of statistical processing showed excellent capabilities for delineating small changes in differential X-ray attenuation. Patient dose reduction is significant when compared to normal operation or film recording. Flat screen, low light level systems were both rugged and light in weight, making them applicable for a variety of special purposes. Three dimensional information was available from the tomographic methods and the recorded data was sufficient when used with appropriate computer display devices to give representative 3D images.

Baily, N. A.↗
DOE OSTI2020

High-Energy X-ray Tomographic Analysis of Precursor Metal Powders (Ti-6Al-4V) Used for Additive Manufacturing

We utilized high-energy x-ray tomography to characterize Ti-6Al-4V metal powders (both as-received and recycled) used in powder-bed additive manufacturing process. The image processing workflow was developed to process and analyze large amount of data objectively by computer program. The distribution of size and shape of the metal particles as well as defect (mainly porosity) inside the particles was analyzed with the statistical representation and resolution in micrometer. The result revealed that circular-shaped porosity with various sizes could be embedded in the powder particles. These porosities could potentially be transferred to the 3D printed part and critically affect the mechanical performance of the component. The present study shows the effectiveness of characterizing metal powders using x-ray imaging techniques where sufficient number of particles can be sampled within tens of minutes with a minimum sample preparation and high accuracy. Clear structural differences in the as-received and recycled powders were delineated that helps in determining the feasibility of using the recycled powders.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2015

Complete Tem-Tomography: 3D Structure of Gems Cluster

GEMS (glass with embedded metal and sulfide) grains in interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) are considered to be one of the ubiquitous and fundamental building blocks of solids in the Solar System. They have been considered to be interstellar silicate dust that survived various metamorphism or alteration processes in the protoplanetary disk but the elemental and isotopic composition measurements suggest that most of them have been formed in the protoplanetary disk as condensates from high temperature gas. This formation model is also supported by the formation of GEMS-like grains with respect to the size, mineral assemblage, texture and infrared spectrum by condensation experiments from mean GEMS composition materials. Previous GEMS studies were performed only with 2D observation by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or scanning TEM (STEM). However, the 3D shape and structure of GEMS grains and the spatial distribution of Fe/FeS's has critical information about their formation and origin. Recently, the 3D structure of GEMS grains in ultrathin sections of cluster IDPs was revealed by electron tomography using a TEM/STEM (JEM-2100F, JEOL). However, CT images of thin sections mounted on Cu grids acquired by conventional TEM-tomography are limited to low tilt angles (e. g., less than absolute value of 75 deg. In fact, previous 3D TEM observations of GEMS were affected by some artifacts related to the limited tilt range in the TEM used. Complete tomographic images should be acquired by rotating the sample tilt angle over a range of more than absolute value of 80 deg otherwise the CT images lose their correct structures. In order to constrain the origin and formation process of GEMS grains more clearly, we performed complete electron tomography for GEMS grains. Here we report the sample preparation method we have developed for this study, and the preliminary results.

Matsuno, J.↗
DOE OSTI2022

A Novel Method for Preoperative Positioning of Total Ankle Replacement Using 3D Digital Model

Abstract Objective To establish a digital model of the ankle joint through 3D imaging technology and explore the preoperative placement of ankle replacement prostheses. Methods Computed tomography images of intact ankle joints from 54 cases in the outpatient and inpatient departments of our hospital were collected; according to the INBONE® total ankle system surgery process, the surgery model and surgical osteotomy were finished using MIMICS based on computer simulation method. The shortest distance was measured between the center point and the anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral, respectively, to ensure the precise position of the ankle replacement prosthesis by digital simulation surgery. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed by bivariate correlation analysis. Results The dataset of this study included 48 cases of the sub‐data set (26 males and 22 females) and included 27 cases of left ankle and 21 cases of right ankle. The average medial malleolar angle was 18.67°± 2.87°, the average amount of bone resection was 12.13 ± 1.86 cm 3 , the mid‐anterior distance was 1.72 ± 0.19 cm, the mid‐posterior distance was 2.00 ± 0.19 cm, the ratio of mid‐anterior to mid‐posterior was 0.87, the mid‐medial distance was 1.26 ± 0.17 cm, the mid‐lateral distance was 1.19 ± 0.16 cm, and the ratio of mid‐medial to mid‐lateral was 1.06. After osteotomy, the anteroposterior diameter was 3.73 ± 0.32 cm, the transverse diameter was 2.46 ± 0.27 cm, and the ratio of anteroposterior diameter to transverse diameter was 1.53. In the bottom view, the shape after osteotomy is rectangular. The mid‐anterior distance was strongly negatively correlated with age, the mid‐anterior distance and the amount of bone resection, the mid‐medial distance and the amount of bone resection, the mid‐lateral distance and the amount of bone resection, the mid‐lateral distance and the anteroposterior diameter, the anteroposterior diameter and the transverse diameter were all strongly positively correlated. Conclusion The projection point of the lower tibia centerline on the tibial horizontal osteotomy surface is located at a position slightly anterior to the midpoint of the transverse diameter after ankle arthroplasty. The rational positioning of the total ankle replacement is located at both a position slightly anterior to the midpoint of the transverse diameter and midpoint of the anteroposterior diameter, which can be used as a reference method before total ankle arthroplasty surgery.

Wu, Shi‐xun↗
DOE OSTI2024

Fine-tuning TrailMap: The utility of transfer learning to improve the performance of deep learning in axon segmentation of light-sheet microscopy images

Light-sheet microscopy has made possible the 3D imaging of both fixed and live biological tissue, with samples as large as the entire mouse brain. However, segmentation and quantification of that data remains a time-consuming manual undertaking. Machine learning methods promise the possibility of automating this process. This study seeks to advance the performance of prior models through optimizing transfer learning. We fine-tuned the existing TrailMap model using expert-labeled data from noradrenergic axonal structures in the mouse brain. By changing the cross-entropy weights and using augmentation, we demonstrate a generally improved adjusted F1-score over using the originally trained TrailMap model within our test datasets.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2018

Gamma imaging and mapping advancements

The Savannah River National Lab (SRNL) in partnership with Los Alamos National Lab (LANL) developed an in-situ GrayQb™ radiation mapping device eliminating the need to remove the radiation sensitive phosphor storage plate (PSP) from the device for scanning between exposures. By incorporating a customized version of the LANL patented MiniMax camera-based PSP reader system into the GrayQb™ housing, the exposed PSP can now be read in-situ and digitally transmitted to a remote computer for viewing. The ability to generate radiation contour maps showing source locations and relative radiological levels present in an area has high utility for targeting clean-up efforts, maintaining worker ALARA, determining leak locations and radiological situational awareness. In-situ GrayQb™ reduces the number of required interactions with the device providing deployment cost savings, increasing personnel safety and removing human handling errors during the manual scan process. Additionally, by negating the need for an external scanner, the device becomes more mobile. Other upgrades to the device included identification of a more sensitive imaging medium and incorporation of a dual pinhole rendering the device physically capable of obtaining 3D images. Laboratory tests with Am-241 sources using a mockup of the in-situ GrayQ™, successfully demonstrated the ability to digitally capture radiation source information using the dual pinhole and camera-based PSP reader.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
NASA NTRS2004

Joint-probability Analysis of the Natural Variability of Tropical Oceanic Precipitation

Data projects pertaining to KWAJEX are described.Data sets delivered to the Goddard Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC): 1) Kwajalein Experiment (KWAJEX) S-band calibrated, quality-controlled radar data, 1221 1 files of 3D volume data and 6832 files of 2D low-level reflectivity. 2) Raw and quality-control- processed versions of University of Washington Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer measurements obtained during KWAJEX. 3) A time series of synoptic-scale gif images of the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS) IR data for the KWAJEX period. The GMS satellite data set for the KWAJEX period was obtained from the University of Wisconsin and reprocessed into format amenable for comparison with radar data.Aircraft microphysics flight-leg definitions for all aircraft and all missions during KWAJEX were completed to facilitate microphysics data processing.

Yuter, Sandra E.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Scalable Nanoimprint Manufacturing of Functional Multilayer Metasurface Devices

Optical metasurfaces, consisting of subwavelength-scale meta-atom arrays, hold great promise of overcoming the fundamental limitations of conventional optics. Due to their structural complexity, metasurfaces usually require high-resolution yet slow and expensive fabrication processes. Here, using a metasurface polarimetric imaging device as an example, the photonic structures and the Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) processes are designed, creating two separate NIL molds over a patterning area of > 20 mm2 with designed Moiré alignment markers by electron-beam writing, and further subsequently integrate silicon and aluminum metasurface structures on a chip. Uniquely, the silicon and aluminum metasurfaces are fabricated by using the nanolithography and 3D pattern-transfer capabilities of NIL, respectively, achieving nanometer-scale linewidth uniformity, sub-200 nm translational overlay accuracy, and <0.017 rotational alignment error while significantly reducing fabrication complexity and surface roughness. Here, the micro-sized multilayer metasurfaces have high circular polarization extinction ratios as large as ≈20 and ≈80 in blue and red wavelengths. Further, the metasurface chip-integrated CMOS imager demonstrates high accuracy in broad-band, full Stokes parameter analysis in the visible wavelength ranges and single-shot polarimetric imaging. This novel, NIL-based, multilayered nanomanufacturing approach is applicable to the scalable production of large-area functional structures for ultra-compact optic, electronic, and quantum devices.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗