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At least 271 records · Page 15
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1995

The Outer Heliosphere: Solar Wind, Cosmic Ray and VLF Radio Emission Variations

The Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft now 45 astronomical units (AU) from Earth continue to monitor the outer heliosphere field and particles environment on a daily basis during their journey to the termination shock of the solar wind. Strong transient shocks continue to be detected in the solar wind plasma. The largest of these are associated with Global Merged Interaction Regions (GMIR's) which, in turn, block cosmic ray entry into the inner heliosphere and are apparently responsible for triggering the two major episodes of VLF radio emissions now thought to come from the heliopause. Distance estimates to the termination shock are consistent with those determined from observations of anomalous cosmic rays. Current observations and implications for heliospheric structure are discussed.

McNutt, Ralph L., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Recent increase in Jupiter's decimetric radio emission

Observations of the linear polarization properties of Jupiter's decimetric radioemission showed the planet's total intensity to increase between late summer 1973 and July 1974. Measurements were made with the NASA 64-m parabolic antenna operating at a wavelength of 13.1 cm. Data were plotted as a function of the longitude of the central meridian. Both data sets showed similar periodic intensity variation with longitude. However, the 1974 data points were consistently above the corresponding 1973 values. The flux density difference was attributed to the increase in the planet's decimetric radio emission. Measured at wavelengths of 21 cm and 11 to 13 cm the average peak flux densities were plotted as a function of the epoch of each observation.

Klein, M. J.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Circularly polarized radio emission from the T Tauri star Hubble 4

Multiwavelength VLA observations of the weak-lined T Tauri star (WTTS) Hubble 4, which is located in the nearby (about 140 pc) Taurus-Auriga star-forming region, are reported. The emission is characterized by a nearly flat spectral energy distribution with a spectral index of 0 (S sub nu varies as nu exp alpha). Right circular polarization was detected at both 3.6 and 6 cm at levels of 19 +/- 5 percent and 18 +/- 3 percent, respectively, with an upper limit of not more than 15 percent (3 sigma) at 20 cm. The star was in a state of low radio activity, with flux densities of 1.3-1.7 mJy and a radio luminosity of 10 exp 16.5 ergs/Hz s. The unambiguous detection of circularly polarized radio emission from Hubble 4 provides direct evidence for the existence of ordered magnetic fields in this WTTS.

Skinner, Stephen L.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Solar radio emission

Active areas of both observational and theoretical research in which rapid progress is being made are discussed. These include: (1) the dynamic spectrum or frequency versus time plot; (2) physical mechanisms in the development of various types of bursts; (3) microwave type 1, 2, 3, and moving type 4 bursts; (4) bursts caused by trapped electrons; (5) physics of type 3bursts; (6) the physics of type 2 bursts and their related shocks; (7) the physics of both stationary and moving traps and associated type 1 and moving type 4 bursts; and (8) the status of the field of solar radio emission.

Goldman, M. V.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Kinetic cyclotron and synchrotron maser instabilities - Radio emission processes by direct amplification of radiation

This article reviews the theory of the kinetic (cyclotron and synchroton) mase instabilities. The subject has been extensively developed in recent years by many authors, who have been incited by the research of the auroral kilometric radiation and other applications. The maser mechanism is appealing because it is simple and efficient, and can lead to direct amplification of radiation. Two types of electron distribution functions have been investigated so far. These are the loss-cone and hollow-beam disributions which may exist pervasively in many regions within and beyond the solar system. It is likely that the maser instabilities can have many potentially important applications to numerous radio emission processes observed in astrophysical research.

Wu, C. S.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Observation of non-drifting radio emissions associated with the intense solar activity in March 1991

Three very unusual radio bursts, separated in time by 4 hours and 35 minute-intervals were observed on March 28, 1991 by the radio and plasma wave (URAP) experiment on the Ulysses spacecraft. Although they are preceded by drifting type III bursts at high frequencies, they show no frequency drift at frequencies from 52 kHz down to 16 kHz. In addition, they have extraordinary sawtooth-like profiles; they have a very rapid exponential rise of about 20 minutes independent of frequency and a much longer nonexponential decay which increases with decreasing frequency. The bursts are interpreted as due to synchrotron emission, which seems to fit many of their characteristics. This radio emission appears to be associated with an expanding source region. However, the observed intensity may be somewhat higher than expected and the possible role of the precursor type III radio bursts in triggering the low frequency non-drifting remains unanswered.

Reiner, M. J.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Ordinary mode radio emission from Uranus

On Jan. 24, 1986, during the inbound trajectory to Uranus, the planetary radio astronomy instrument on Voyager 2 detected left-hand-polarized emission for several hours at frequencies near 200 kHz. Unlike the dominant source observed on the nightside of the planet, only a single episode of this inbound emission was seen, and the emission was extremely weak. Generating less than 500 kW, it is probably the weakest freely propagating planetary radio emission thus far observed by Voyager. This weak emission is associated with a source region in the vicinity of the north (dayside) magnetic pole of Uranus, where magnetic-field lines point approximately in the direction of the spacecraft when the emission is observed. Therefore the wave normal angle relative to B is probably less than 90 deg in the generation region. It is concluded that direct wave generation in the magnetoionic ordinary mode is most likely. The source location for this emission is consistent with a region magnetically conjugate to the dominant nightside source, which is located in the vicinity of the south magnetic pole. The ordinary mode emission is discussed in the context of the electron-cyclotron maser mechanism.

Desch, M. D.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Radio emission from the sun and stars

Radio astronomy of the sun has reached a high level of maturity, while radio astronomy of the stars is now a burgeoning new field of study. The present review is mainly concerned with radiation which is emitted by 'normal' stars, defined here to include those appearing on classical Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams. The mechanisms for both steady, quiescent emission and intense, strongly varying outbursts are discussed. Included are discussions of bremsstrahlung, gyrosynchrotron emission, electron-cyclotron masers, and plasma radiation. The manifestation of these mechanisms in various kinds of solar radiation are considered along with stellar manifestations.

Dulk, G. A.↗
NASA NTRS1991

The relation between infrared and radio emission in spiral galaxies

A remarkable correlation between the far infrared and the radio continuum emission of star forming galaxies was one of the early results based on IRAS data, and has remained one of the most intriguing. Recent work has extended the correlation to early type galaxies, revealing a slightly different ratio in lenticulars. When radio and infrared maps of disk galaxies are compared, the radio disks appear systematically more diffuse. This has been interpreted as a manifestation of the diffusion of cosmic-ray electrons, and has allowed a fresh look at the behavior of magnetic fields and cosmic rays in spiral galaxies, and at their relation to the rest of the interstellar medium.

Helou, George↗
NASA NTRS1998

Radio Emissions Observed by Galileo near Io

The Galileo spacecraft observed spin modulation of radio wave emissions near Io in the frequency range from about 600 kHz to about 1.2 MHz. Assuming transverse EM radiation, we have used the modulation of the high-frequency sweep-frequency receiver signals of the electric dipole antenna over many spins to estimate the plane through the source. The emission has a range of frequencies close to the local upper hybrid frequency of the plasma near Io. We conclude that the emission may be associated with either the plasma torus or magnetic flux tubes in the wake of Io (the Alfven current system). We postulate this emission may be associated with a free-energy source such as density gradients, energetic plasma beams and/or an electron distribution with a temperature anisotropy. All of these free-energy sources are observed or expected in the torus near Io. The observations are the first in the hectometric frequency range that have a source associated with Io or in the Io torus.

Menietti, J. D.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Interstellar matter in early-type galaxies. III - Radio emission and star formation

The relationship between the IR and radio luminosity in early-type galaxies is examined using the correlation among spiral galaxies as a diagnostic of the presence of star formation. For ellipticals, the presence of long-wavelength IR emission enhances the probability that the galaxy is a radio source and is also correlated with the strength of that source. These findings are consistent with the idea that active radio nuclei are due to black holes being fueled by accretion of gas. The majority of S0s detected in both radio and far-IR have a similar ratio of IR to radio luminosity as has been found in spirals, and which is considered to be indicative of recent star formation. Sensitive radio limits for several galaxies reveal another substantial population of S0s with moderately strong IR emission unaccompanied by radio power.

Walsh, D. E. P.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Radio emission from rapidly-rotating cool giant stars

The results of a VLA program are reported to examine the radio continuum emission from 11 rapidly-rotating cool giant stars, all of which were originally believed to be single stars. Six of the 11 stars were detected as radio sources, including FK Com and HR 9024, for which there exist multifrequency observations. HD 199178, UZ Lib (now known to be a binary system), and HD 82558, for which there is only 6-cm data. The radio properties of these stars are compared with those of the active, rapidly rotating evolved stars found in the RS CVn binary systems.

Drake, Stephen A.↗
NASA NTRS1985

On the proposed triggering of Jovian radio emissions

Calvert (1985) has proposed that a solar type III radio bursts can trigger the onset of certain Jovian hectometer wavelength emissions. It is shown, using the data obtained by the Voyager Planetary Radio Astronomy experiment, that this triggering hypothesis is not supported statistically. Furthermore, the causality of this proposed triggering is questioned because much of the Jovian hectometer emission is due to a quasi-continuous radio source rotating, in lighthouse fashion, with Jupiter. Thus, an observed 'onset' of emission is simply a function of the observer's position in local time around Jupiter.

Desch, M. D.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Neptune's non-thermal radio emissions - Phenomenology and source locations

During the inbound and the outbound leg of Voyager 2's encounter with Neptune, the Planetary Radio Astronomy (PRA) experiment aboard the spacecraft detected short radio bursts at frequencies within the range of about 500-1300 kHz, and broad-banded smoothly varying emission patterns within the frequency range from about 40-800 kHz. Both emissions can be described in terms of a period of 16.1 hours determining Neptune's rotation period. Furthermore, just near closest approach, a narrow-banded smoothly varying radio component was observed occurring between 600 and 800 kHz. After giving a brief overview about some general characteristics of Neptune's nonthermal radio emission, the source locations of Neptune's emission components are determined, using an offset tilted dipole model for Neptune's magnetic field. Assuming that the emission originates near the electron gyrofrequency a geometrical beaming model is developed in order to fit the observed emission episodes.

Rabl, Gerald K. F.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Radio emissions from the aurora

Observations are reported of radio waves in the range 2.5-6 MHz, emitted by the aurora. Two distinct types of emissions are seen: bursts, which are broad band emissions with a time scale of the order of .1 sec, and roars, which are narrow band (300 kHz) emissions with a time scale of ten minutes.

Kellogg, P. J.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Voyager detection of nonthermal radio emission from Saturn

The detection of bursts of nonthermal radio noise from Saturn by the planetary radio astonomy experiment onboard the Voyager spacecraft is discussed. The emissions occur near 200 kHz with a peak flux density comparable to higher frequency Jovian emissions. The radiation is right-hand polarized and is most likely emitted in the extraordinary magnetoionic mode from Saturn's northern hemisphere. Modulation is apparent in the data which is consistent with a planetary rotation period of 10 hr 39.9 min.

Kaiser, M. L.↗