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Results for “STRONG COUPLING”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 271 records · Page 15

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DOE OSTI2011

Decoherence suppression of open quantum systems through a strong coupling to non-Markovian reservoirs

In this paper, we provide a mechanism of decoherence suppression for open quantum systems in general and that for a ''Schroedinger cat-like'' state in particular, through strong couplings to non-Markovian reservoirs. Different from the usual strategies in the literature of suppressing decoherence by decoupling the system from the environment, here the decoherence suppression employs a strong back-reaction from non-Markovian reservoirs. The mechanism relies on the existence of the singularities (bound states) of the nonequilibrium retarded Green function, which completely determines the dissipation and decoherence dynamics of open systems. As an application, we examine the decoherence dynamics of a photonic crystal nanocavity that is coupled to a waveguide. The strong non-Markovian suppression of decoherence for the ''optical cat'' state is attained.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2010

Determination of the strong coupling constant from inclusive jet cross section in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV with the D0 experiment

The strong coupling constant as and its dependence on the momentum scale is determined from the pT dependence of the inclusive jet cross section in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV measured with the D0 experiment. The jet transverse momentum range of 50 < p{sub T} < 145 GeV contributes to the determination. Using perturbative QCD caclulations to order {theta}({alpha}{sup 3}{sub s}) combined with resummed threshold corrections to order {theta}({alpha}{sup 3}{sub s}) an {alpha}{sub s}(MZ) = 0.1161{sup +0.0041}{sub -0.0048} is obtained. This is the most precise result from a hadron-hadron collider.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2012

Complex (dusty) plasmas-kinetic studies of strong coupling phenomena

'Dusty plasmas' can be found almost everywhere-in the interstellar medium, in star and planet formation, in the solar system in the Earth's atmosphere, and in the laboratory. In astrophysical plasmas, the dust component accounts for only about 1% of the mass, nevertheless this component has a profound influence on the thermodynamics, the chemistry, and the dynamics. Important physical processes are charging, sputtering, cooling, light absorption, and radiation pressure, connecting electromagnetic forces to gravity. Surface chemistry is another important aspect. In the laboratory, there is great interest in industrial processes (e.g., etching, vapor deposition) and-at the fundamental level-in the physics of strong coupling phenomena. Here, the dust (or microparticles) are the dominant component of the multi-species plasma. The particles can be observed in real time and space, individually resolved at all relevant length and time scales. This provides an unprecedented means for studying self-organisation processes in many-particle systems, including the onset of cooperative phenomena. Due to the comparatively large mass of the microparticles (10{sup -12}to10{sup -9}g), precision experiments are performed on the ISS. The following topics will be discussed: Phase transitions, phase separation, electrorheology, flow phenomena including the onset of turbulence at the kinetic level.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2013

Obliquely propagating waves in the magnetized strongly coupled one-component plasma

The quasi-localized charge approximation is used to calculate the wave spectrum of the magnetized three-dimensional strongly coupled one-component plasma at arbitrary angles θ between the wave vector and the magnetic field axis. Three frequency branches are identified whose interplay is strongly determined by β=ω{sub c}/ω{sub p}, the ratio of the cyclotron frequency ω{sub c}, and the plasma frequency ω{sub p}. The frequency dispersion relations for the three principal modes along the magnetic field cross in the case β<1, which strongly affects the transition from parallel to perpendicular wave propagation. For β>1, the frequencies of the different branches are well separated, and the long-wavelength dispersion in the intermediate and upper branch changes sign as θ is varied from 0 to π/2. In addition to the frequencies, we also investigate the waves' polarization properties.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2010

SU(2|2) for theories with sixteen supercharges at weak and strong coupling

We consider the dimensional reductions of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on RxS{sup 3} to the three-dimensional theory on RxS{sup 2}, the orbifolded theory on RxS{sup 3}/Z{sub k}, and the plane-wave matrix model. With explicit emphasis on the three-dimensional theory, we demonstrate the realization of the SU(2|3) algebra in a radial Hamiltonian framework. Using this structure we constrain the form of the spin chains, their S matrices, and the corresponding one- and two-loop Hamiltonians of the three-dimensional theory, and find putative signs of integrability up to the two-loop order. The string duals of these theories admit the IIA plane-wave geometry as their Penrose limit. Using known results for strings quantized on this background, we explicitly construct the strong-coupling dual extended SU(2|2) algebra and discuss its implications for the gauge theories.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2015

Discovery of iron group impurity ion spin states in single crystal Y{sub 2}SiO{sub 5} with strong coupling to whispering gallery photons

Interaction of Whispering Gallery Modes (WGMs) with dilute spin ensembles in solids is an interesting paradigm of Hybrid Quantum Systems potentially beneficial for Quantum Signal Processing applications. Unexpected ion transitions are measured in single crystal Y{sub 2}SiO{sub 5} using WGM spectroscopy with large Zero Field Splittings at 14.7 GHz, 18.4 GHz, and 25.4 GHz, which also feature considerable anisotropy of the g-tensors as well as two inequivalent lattice sites, indicating spins from Iron Group Ion (IGI) impurities. The comparison of undoped and Rare-Earth doped crystals reveal that the IGIs are introduced during co-doping of Eu{sup 3+} or Er{sup 3+} with concentration at much lower levels of order 100 ppb. The strong coupling regime between an ensemble of IGI spins and WGM photons have been demonstrated at 18.4 GHz and near zero field. This approach together with useful optical properties of these ions opens avenues for “spins-in-solids” Quantum Electrodynamics.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2020

Predicted strong coupling of solid-state spins via a single magnon mode

Abstract We propose an approach to realize a hybrid quantum system composed of a diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center spin coupled to a magnon mode of the low-damping, low-moment organic ferrimagnet vanadium tetracyanoethylene. We derive an analytical expression for the spin-magnon cooperativity as a function of NV position under a micron-scale perpendicularly magnetized disk, and show that, surprisingly, the cooperativity will be higher using this magnetic material than in more conventional materials with larger magnetic moments, due to in part to the reduced demagnetization field. For reasonable experimental parameters, we predict that the spin-magnon-mode coupling strength is g ∼ 2π×10 kHz. For isotopically pure 12 C diamond we predict strong coupling of an NV spin to the unoccupied magnon mode, with cooperativity C λ = 15 for a wide range of NV spin locations within the diamond, well within the spatial precision of NV center implantation. Thus our proposal describes a practical pathway for single-spin-state-to-single-magnon-occupancy transduction and for entangling NV centers over micron length scales.

Candido, Denis R. (ORCID:0000000267083280)↗

DOE OSTI2024

Effects of renormalon scheme and perturbative scale choices on determinations of the strong coupling from e + e − event shapes

We study the role of renormalon cancellation schemes and perturbative scale choices in extractions of the strong coupling constant α s ( m Z ) and the leading nonperturbative shift parameter Ω 1 from resummed predictions of the e + e − event shape thrust. We calculate the thrust distribution to N L 3 L ′ resummed accuracy in soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) matched to the fixed-order O ( α s 2 ) prediction, and perform a new high-statistics computation of the O ( α s 3 ) matching in , although we do not include the latter in our final α s fits due to some observed systematics that require further investigation. We are primarily interested in testing the phenomenological impact sourced from varying amongst three renormalon cancellation schemes and two sets of perturbative scale profile choices. We then perform a global fit to available data spanning center-of-mass energies between 35–207 GeV in each scenario. Relevant subsets of our results are consistent with prior SCET-based extractions of α s ( m Z ) , but we are also led to a number of novel observations. Notably, we find that the combined effect of altering the renormalon cancellation scheme and profile parameters can lead to few-percent-level impacts on the extracted values in the α s − Ω 1 plane, indicating a potentially important systematic theory uncertainty that should be accounted for. We also observe that fits performed over windows dominated by dijet events are typically of a higher quality than those that extend into the far tails of the distributions, possibly motivating future fits focused more heavily in this region. Finally, we discuss how different estimates of the three-loop soft matching coefficient c S ˜ 3 can also lead to measurable changes in the fitted { α s , Ω 1 } values. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2026

Towards determination of the strong coupling $α_s(m_Z)$ from four-flavor lattice QCD using the continuous $β$-function method

The precise value of the strong coupling $α_s(m_{Z})$ at the $Z$-boson mass $m_{Z}$ is essential for high-energy phenomenology and precision tests of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). We present the status of a program targeting a $\sim 0.3\%$ determination of $α_s(m_{Z})$ using the renormalization group $β$-function in the infinite volume gradient flow scheme based on lattice QCD simulations of degenerate four-flavor highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) ensembles. In particular, we analyze both tree-level cutoff effects and finite-mass effects. We also outline the next steps of the analysis, including the infinite-volume and continuum extrapolations required for a precise determination of $α_s(m_Z)$.

Mandlecha, Yash (ORCID:000000020587962X)↗

DOE OSTI2026

Towards determination of the strong coupling $α_s(m_Z)$ from four-flavor lattice QCD using the continuous $β$-function method

Mandlecha, Yash [Michigan State U.; Michigan State↗

DOE OSTI2012

Uncertainty methodology for the strongly coupled physical phenomena associated with annular flow

Best-Estimate plus Uncertainty (BEPU) methods are slowly supplanting the use of deterministic analysis methods for thermal-hydraulic analyses. As the uncertainty methodologies evolve it is expected that, where both experimental techniques allow and data are available, there will be a shift to quantifying the uncertainty in increasingly more fundamental parameters. For example, for annular flow in a three-field analysis environment (vapor, liquid film, droplet), the driving parameters would be: a) film interfacial shear stress, b) droplet drag, c) droplet entrainment rate and d) droplet deposition rate. An improved annular flow modeling package was recently developed and implemented in an in-house version of the COBRA-TF best-estimate subchannel analysis tool (Lane, 2009). Significant improvement was observed in the code-to-data predictions of several steam-water annular flow tests following the implementation of this modeling package; however, to apply this model set in formal BEPU analysis requires uncertainty distributions to be determined. The unique aspect of annular flow, and the topic of the present work, is the strong coupling between the interfacial drag, entrainment and deposition phenomena. Ideally the uncertainty in each phenomenon would be isolated; however, the situation is further complicated by an inability to experimentally isolate and measure the individual rate processes (particularly entrainment rate), which results in available experimental data that are inherently integral in nature. This paper presents a methodology for isolating the individual physical phenomena of interest, to the extent that the currently available experimental data allow, and developing the corresponding uncertainty distributions for annular flow. (authors)

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗

DOE OSTI2015

A STRONGLY COUPLED REACTOR CORE ISOLATION COOLING SYSTEM MODEL FOR EXTENDED STATION BLACK-OUT ANALYSES

The reactor core isolation cooling (RCIC) system in a boiling water reactor (BWR) provides makeup cooling water to the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) when the main steam lines are isolated and the normal supply of water to the reactor vessel is lost. The RCIC system operates independently of AC power, service air, or external cooling water systems. The only required external energy source is from the battery to maintain the logic circuits to control the opening and/or closure of valves in the RCIC systems in order to control the RPV water level by shutting down the RCIC pump to avoid overfilling the RPV and flooding the steam line to the RCIC turbine. It is generally considered in almost all the existing station black-out accidents (SBO) analyses that loss of the DC power would result in overfilling the steam line and allowing liquid water to flow into the RCIC turbine, where it is assumed that the turbine would then be disabled. This behavior, however, was not observed in the Fukushima Daiichi accidents, where the Unit 2 RCIC functioned without DC power for nearly three days. Therefore, more detailed mechanistic models for RCIC system components are needed to understand the extended SBO for BWRs. As part of the effort to develop the next generation reactor system safety analysis code RELAP-7, we have developed a strongly coupled RCIC system model, which consists of a turbine model, a pump model, a check valve model, a wet well model, and their coupling models. Unlike the traditional SBO simulations where mass flow rates are typically given in the input file through time dependent functions, the real mass flow rates through the turbine and the pump loops in our model are dynamically calculated according to conservation laws and turbine/pump operation curves. A simplified SBO demonstration RELAP-7 model with this RCIC model has been successfully developed. The demonstration model includes the major components for the primary system of a BWR, as well as the safety system components such as the safety relief valve (SRV), the RCIC system, the wet well, and the dry well. The results show reasonable system behaviors while exhibiting rich dynamics such as variable flow rates through RCIC turbine and pump during the SBO transient. The model has the potential to resolve the Fukushima RCIC mystery after adding the off-design two-phase turbine operation model and other additional improvements.

RCIC↗

DOE OSTI2015

Size effect of strong-coupled superconducting In{sub 2}Bi nanoparticles: An investigation of short-range electron phonon coupling

We report the influence of the nanosized effect on the superconducting properties of bimetallic In{sub 2}Bi nanoparticles. In this study, the temperature- and applied magnetic field-dependence of the magnetization were utilized to investigate the electron-phonon coupling effect while controlling particle sizes 〈d〉 from 21(2) to 42(5) nm. As the particle size decreases, the electron-phonon constant λ{sub EP} decreases rapidly, signaling the short-range electron-phonon coupling effect which acts to confine the electrons within a smaller volume, thereby giving rise to a higher superconducting transition temperature T{sub C}. An enhanced superconducting transition was observed from the temperature dependence of magnetization, revealing a main diamagnetic Meissner state below T{sub C} ∼ 5.72(5) K for 〈d〉 = 31(1) nm In{sub 2}Bi nanoparticles. The variation of the T{sub C} is very sensitive to the particle size, which might be due to crystallinity and size uniformity of the samples. The electron-phonon coupling to low lying phonons is found to be the leading mechanism for the observed strong-coupling superconductivity in the In{sub 2}Bi system.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

DOE OSTI2014

The Weibel instability in a strongly coupled plasma

In this paper, the growth rate of the Weibel instability is calculated for an energetic relativistic electron beam penetrated into a strongly coupled plasma, where the collision effects of background electron-ion scattering play an important role in equations. In order to calculate the growth rate of the Weibel instability, two different models of anisotropic distribution function are used. First, the distribution of the plasma and beam electrons considered as similar forms of bi-Maxwellian distribution. Second, the distribution functions of the plasma electrons and the beam electrons follows bi-Maxwellian and delta-like distributions, respectively. The obtained results show that the collision effect decreases the growth rate in two models. When the distribution function of electrons beam is in bi-Maxwellian form, the instability growth rate is greater than where the distribution function of beam electrons is in delta-like form, because, the anisotropic temperature for bi-Maxwellian distribution function in velocity space is greater than the delta-like distribution function.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2010

Atomic spatial coherence with spontaneous emission in a strong-coupling cavity

The role of spontaneous emission in the interaction between a two-level atom and a pumped microcavity in the strong-coupling regime is discussed. In particular, using a quantum Monte Carlo simulation, we investigate atomic spatial coherence. It is found that atomic spontaneous emission destroys the coherence between neighboring lattice sites, while cavity decay does not. Furthermore, our computation of the spatial coherence function shows that the in-site locality is little affected by the cavity decay but greatly depends on the cavity pump amplitude.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2016

Nonlinear ion modes in a strongly coupled plasma in the presence of nonthermal ion fluids and polarization force

The nonlinear propagation of ion-acoustic (IA) waves in a strongly coupled plasma system containing Maxwellian electrons and nonthermal ions has been theoretically and numerically investigated. The well-known reductive perturbation technique is used to derive both the Burgers and Korteweg−de Vries (KdV) equations. Their shock and solitary wave solutions have also been numerically analyzed in understanding localized electrostatic disturbances. It has been observed that the basic features (viz. polarity, amplitude, width, etc.) of IA waves are significantly modified by the effect of polarization force and other plasma parameters (e.g., the electron-to-ion number density ratio and ion-to-electron temperature ratio). This is a unique finding among all theoretical investigations made before, whose probable implications are discussed in this investigation. The implications of the results obtained from this investigation may be useful in understanding the wave propagation in both space and laboratory plasmas.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2013

Tunneling effects in tilted magnetic fields in n-InGaAs/GaAs structures with strongly coupled double quantum wells

The effects of tunneling between two parallel two-dimensional electron gases in n-InGaAs/GaAs nanostructures with strongly coupled double quantum wells with a change in the in-plane component of a tilted magnetic field (up to B{sub Double-Vertical-Line} = 9.0 T) in the temperature range T = 1.8-70.0 K are investigated. A nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the inverse quantum lifetime {tau}{sub q}{sup -}(T) is obtained from analysis of the dependence of the longitudinal resistance on the parallel component of the tilted magnetic field at fixed temperatures, {rho}{sub xx}(B{sub Double-Vertical-Line }, T). The quadratic portion of this dependence is found to be due to the contribution of inelastic electron-electron scattering. The decrease in the inverse quantum lifetime {tau}{sub q}{sup -}(T) at T > 0.1T{sub F} cannot be described within known theories; it seems, it is not related to the processes of electron momentum relaxation.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2024

Searching for Strongly Coupled Dark Sectors with Unsupervised and Generative Learning

Recipient of the URA Early Career Award for groundbreaking searches for dark matter arising from strongly coupled dark sectors with the CMS detector, pioneering work in ML-based model-independent anomaly detection for collider and astrophysics experiments, and leadership in the development of new AI/ML techniques to improve event reconstruction and detector simulation in particle physics, as well as novel strategies to accelerate AI inference and throughput with heterogeneous computing using coprocessors as a service.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗