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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Long-range and local crystal structures of the S r 1 - x C a x Ru O 3 perovskites

Here, the crystal structures of the Sr 1–x Ca x RuO 3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) perovskites are investigated using both long-range and local structural probes. High-resolution synchrotron powder x-ray-diffraction characterization at ambient temperature shows that the materials have orthorhombic long-range crystal structures to high precision, and we support previous work showing that Ca 2+ substitution for Sr 2+ primarily changes the tilting of rigid corner-sharing RuO 6 octahedra at their shared oxygen vertices. X-ray pair-distribution function analysis for SrRuO 3 , CaRuO 3 , and one intermediate composition show them to display monoclinic symmetry at the local level; when averaged over different domain orientations this yields orthorhombic symmetry in the long range, and no long-range or local phase transitions are observed between 80 and 300 K for materials with intermediate compositions. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy shows that the Sr/Ca distribution is random at the nanoscale. Lastly, we plot magnetic characteristics such as the ferromagnetic T c , Curie-Weiss theta, effective moment, and ambient temperature susceptibility vs the octahedral tilt and unit-cell volume.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
NASA NTRS1986

A possible role for endogenous glucocorticoids in orchiectomy-induced atrophy of the rat levator ani muscle - Studies with RU 38486, a potent and selective antiglucocorticoid

RU38486, a potent and selective antiglucocorticoid, was employed to study a possible role for endogenous glucocorticoids in atrophy of the levator ani muscle secondary to castration of male rats. RU38486 was shown to block (3H) triamcinolone acetonide binding to cytosol from levator ani muscle. Daily oral administration of RU38486 to castrated rats partially prevented atrophy of the levator ani muscle, as well as a decrease in RNA concentration. In a control group receiving RU38486 alone, the levator ani underwent significant 20 percent hypertrophy. Administration of exogenous dexamethasone also caused pronounced atrophy of the levator ani muscle. This atrophy was prevented, to a significant degree, by simultaneous oral administration of Ru38486. It is concluded that endogenous glucocorticoids, the actions of which are blocked by RU38486, may be involved in regulation of the mass of the levator ani muscle in intact rats.

Konagaya, Masaaki↗
NASA NTRS2003

Experimental Determination of Spinel/Melt, Olivine/Melt, and Pyroxene/Melt Partition Coefficients for Re, Ru, Pd, Au, and Pt

Experimental studies have identified spinels as important hosts phases for many of the highly siderophile elements (HSE). Yet experimental studies involving chromite or Cr-rich spinel have been lacking. Experimental studies of partitioning of HSEs between silicate, oxides and silicate melt are plagued by low solubilities and the presence of small metallic nuggets at oxygen fugacities relevant to magmas, which interfere with analysis of the phases of interest. We have circumvented these problems in two ways: 1) performing experiments at oxidized conditions, which are still relevant to natural systems but in which nuggets are not observed, and 2) analysis of run products with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), allowing a combination of high sensitivity and good spatial resolution.

Righter, K.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Catalyst comprising Ir or Ir and Ru for hydrazine decomposition

A catalyst for hydrazine decomposition consisting essentially of a carrier having a pore volume of at least 0.1 cubic centimeters per gram and a specific surface area, measured in square meters per gram, equal to 195 (C.sub.p + 0.013 + 0.736 V.sub.p) where C.sub.p is the specific heat capacity of the carrier at about 25.degree. C in calories per gram per degree and V.sub.p is the pore volume of the carrier in cubic centimeters per gram and metal of the group consisting of iridium, and mixtures consisting of iridium and ruthenium deposited on said carrier in an amount between 20% and about 40% by weight of the catalyst and distributed through the pores thereof in discrete particles sufficiently separated from each other so that they do not sinter or fuse together when the catalyst is at hydrazine decomposition temperature.

Armstrong, Warren E.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

A Correlative Electron Microscopy Study of a Ru-rich Metal Grain from a Calcium-aluminum-rich Inclusion

Calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) are sub-mm to cm-sized objects composed of highly refractory Ca- and Al-rich mineral phases, hosted in chondritic meteorites. The component minerals of CAIs were thermodynamically predicted to be condense at high temperatures in the cooling solar nebula. Isotopic analyses place the age of these objects at 4.567 Ga, making them the first formed solids in our solar system. The chemical compositions and crystal structures of the Ca- and Al-rich minerals serve as imprints of the thermochemical environments in which they formed. Therefore, detailed microstructural analyses of CAIs can provide insight into the processes that prevailed in the early solar system.

Tarunika Ramprasad↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Er17(TeRu2)3 by Materials Project

Er17Ru6Te3 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are thirty-four inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and one Te atom. There are two shorter (2.81 Å) and one longer (3.39 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.16 Å. In the second Er site, Er is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are two shorter (2.92 Å) and one longer (3.18 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. Both Er–Te bond lengths are 3.51 Å. In the third Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.90–3.60 Å. There are one shorter (3.46 Å) and one longer (3.49 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the fourth Er site, Er is bonded to three Ru and one Te atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ErTeRu3 tetrahedra. There are two shorter (2.85 Å) and one longer (2.98 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.14 Å. In the fifth Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are two shorter (2.82 Å) and one longer (3.49 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.40 Å) and one longer (3.43 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the sixth Er site, Er is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ru and one Te atom. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.86–3.21 Å. The Er–Te bond length is 3.13 Å. In the seventh Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are two shorter (2.82 Å) and one longer (3.48 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. Both Er–Te bond lengths are 3.41 Å. In the eighth Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.87–3.08 Å. Both Er–Te bond lengths are 3.32 Å. In the ninth Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.81–3.46 Å. There are one shorter (3.34 Å) and one longer (3.36 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the tenth Er site, Er is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ru and one Te atom. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.87–3.19 Å. The Er–Te bond length is 3.15 Å. In the eleventh Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.79–3.64 Å. Both Er–Te bond lengths are 3.35 Å. In the twelfth Er site, Er is bonded to three Ru and one Te atom to form distorted corner-sharing ErTeRu3 tetrahedra. There are two shorter (2.87 Å) and one longer (2.93 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.12 Å. In the thirteenth Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.87–3.09 Å. There are one shorter (3.30 Å) and one longer (3.32 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the fourteenth Er site, Er is bonded to three Ru and one Te atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ErTeRu3 tetrahedra. There are two shorter (2.85 Å) and one longer (2.88 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.16 Å. In the fifteenth Er site, Er is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are two shorter (2.91 Å) and one longer (3.23 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.37 Å) and one longer (3.39 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the sixteenth Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.90–3.27 Å. There are one shorter (3.38 Å) and one longer (3.39 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the seventeenth Er site, Er is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are two shorter (2.93 Å) and one longer (3.15 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.51 Å) and one longer (3.53 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the eighteenth Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.87–3.10 Å. There are one shorter (3.32 Å) and one longer (3.33 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the nineteenth Er site, Er is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ru and one Te atom. There are two shorter (2.82 Å) and one longer (3.25 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.12 Å. In the twentieth Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are two shorter (2.82 Å) and one longer (3.47 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. Both Er–Te bond lengths are 3.34 Å. In the twenty-first Er site, Er is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.90–3.28 Å. There are one shorter (3.36 Å) and one longer (3.40 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the twenty-second Er site, Er is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.90–3.31 Å. There are one shorter (3.35 Å) and one longer (3.37 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the twenty-third Er site, Er is bonded to three Ru and one Te atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ErTeRu3 tetrahedra. There are two shorter (2.80 Å) and one longer (3.02 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.13 Å. In the twenty-fourth Er site, Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.88–3.09 Å. Both Er–Te bond lengths are 3.33 Å. In the twenty-fifth Er site, Er is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to two Ru and two Te atoms. There are one shorter (3.12 Å) and one longer (3.13 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. Both Er–Te bond lengths are 3.26 Å. In the twenty-sixth Er site, Er is bonded to three Ru and one Te atom to form distorted corner-sharing ErTeRu3 tetrahedra. There are two shorter (2.87 Å) and one longer (2.93 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.12 Å. In the twenty-seventh Er site, Er is bonded to three Ru and one Te atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ErTeRu3 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.79–3.00 Å. The Er–Te bond length is 3.13 Å. In the twenty-eighth Er site, Er is bonded to three Ru and one Te atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ErTeRu3 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.84–2.97 Å. The Er–Te bond length is 3.14 Å. In the twenty-ninth Er site, Er is bonded to three Ru and one Te atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ErTeRu3 tetrahedra. There are two shorter (2.85 Å) and one longer (2.87 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.16 Å. In the thirtieth Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.78–3.61 Å. There are one shorter (3.36 Å) and one longer (3.37 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the thirty-first Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and one Te atom. There are a spread of Er–Ru bond distances ranging from 2.81–3.39 Å. The Er–Te bond length is 3.16 Å. In the thirty-second Er site, Er is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ru and one Te atom. There are two shorter (2.82 Å) and one longer (3.25 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. The Er–Te bond length is 3.12 Å. In the thirty-third Er site, Er is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to two Ru and two Te atoms. Both Er–Ru bond lengths are 3.19 Å. There are one shorter (3.18 Å) and one longer (3.19 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. In the thirty-fourth Er site, Er is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ru and two equivalent Te atoms. There are two shorter (2.90 Å) and one longer (3.61 Å) Er–Ru bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.47 Å) and one longer (3.48 Å) Er–Te bond lengths. There are twelve inequivalent Ru sites. In the first Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Er atoms. In the second Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the third Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Er atoms. In the fourth Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the fifth Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the sixth Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the seventh Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the eighth Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the ninth Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Er atoms. In the tenth Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the eleventh Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the twelfth Ru site, Ru is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Er atoms. There are six inequivalent Te sites. In the first Te site, Te is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the second Te site, Te is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the third Te site, Te is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the fourth Te site, Te is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the fifth Te site, Te is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms. In the sixth Te site, Te is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Na11(Ru4O9)4 by Materials Project

Na11(Ru4O9)4 is Orthorhombic Perovskite-like structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are eleven inequivalent Na1+ sites. In the first Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.34–2.60 Å. In the second Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.36–2.88 Å. In the third Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.34–2.78 Å. In the fourth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.38–2.82 Å. In the fifth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–2.78 Å. In the sixth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–3.09 Å. In the seventh Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.41–2.69 Å. In the eighth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.37–2.72 Å. In the ninth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.36–2.57 Å. In the tenth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.37–2.56 Å. In the eleventh Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.31–2.51 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent Ru+3.81+ sites. In the first Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–47°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.16 Å. In the second Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–49°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.13 Å. In the third Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–47°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.14 Å. In the fourth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–52°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.12 Å. In the fifth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–48°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.09 Å. In the sixth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–45°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.07 Å. In the seventh Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.09 Å. In the eighth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–46°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.08 Å. In the ninth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–48°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.08 Å. In the tenth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–47°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.07 Å. In the eleventh Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–47°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.09 Å. In the twelfth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–48°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.09 Å. In the thirteenth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–52°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.07 Å. In the fourteenth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–44°. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.07 Å. In the fifteenth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 2.03–2.09 Å. In the sixteenth Ru+3.81+ site, Ru+3.81+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form edge-sharing RuO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ru–O bond distances ranging from 2.03–2.08 Å. There are thirty-six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms to form distorted ONa4Ru2 pentagonal pyramids that share corners with two equivalent ONa2Ru3 square pyramids, an edgeedge with one ONa2Ru3 square pyramid, and an edgeedge with one ONa3Ru2 trigonal bipyramid. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms to form distorted ONa3Ru2 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with four ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids and an edgeedge with one ONa4Ru2 pentagonal pyramid. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to one Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form distorted ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with four ONa3Ru2 trigonal bipyramids and edges with four ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form distorted ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with three ONa3Ru2 trigonal bipyramids and an edgeedge with one ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramid. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the twenty-second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the twenty-third O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms to form distorted ONa3Ru2 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with six ONa3Ru2 trigonal bipyramids and edges with two ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the twenty-fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the twenty-fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the twenty-sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the twenty-seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the twenty-eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form distorted edge-sharing ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the twenty-ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the thirtieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the thirty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the thirty-second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and two Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the thirty-third O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form distorted ONa2Ru3 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramid, an edgeedge with one ONa4Ru2 pentagonal pyramid, edges with two equivalent ONa2Ru3 square pyramids, and edges with two ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the thirty-fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms to form distorted ONa2Ru3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent ONa4Ru2 pentagonal pyramids, a cornercorner with one ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramid, edges with two equivalent ONa2Ru3 square pyramids, and edges with two ONa2Ru3 trigonal bipyramids. In the thirty-fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to one Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms. In the thirty-sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Na1+ and three Ru+3.81+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗