Edge State Induced Andreev Oscillation in Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator-Superconductor Junctions
Abstract Not Provided
MATSCI↗
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Towards a Fully Integrated Accelerator on a Chip: Dielectric Laser Acceleration (DLA) From the Source to Relativistic Electrons
Abstract Not Provided
ACCPHY, MATSCI, OPTICS↗
Towards a Fully Integrated Accelerator on a Chip: Dielectric Laser Acceleration (DLA) From the Source to Relativistic Electrons (presentation slides)
Abstract Not Provided
ACCPHY, MATSCI, OPTICS↗
Self-consistent solution for proximity effect and Josephson current in ballistic graphene SNS Josephson junctions
We use a tight-binding Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) formalism to self-consistently calculate the proximity effect, Josephson current, and local density of states in ballistic graphene SNS Josephson junctions. Both short and long junctions, with respect to the superconducting coherence length, are considered, as well as different doping levels of the graphene. We show that self-consistency does not notably change the current-phase relationship derived earlier for short junctions using the non-selfconsistent Dirac-BdG formalism but predict a significantly increased critical current with a stronger junction length dependence. In addition, we show that in junctions with no Fermi level mismatch between the N and S regions superconductivity persists even in the longest junctions we can investigate, indicating a diverging Ginzburg-Landau superconducting coherence length in the normal region.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
Myriad phases of the Checkerboard Hubbard Model
The zero-temperature phase diagram of the checkerboard Hubbard model is obtained in the solvable limit in which it consists of weakly coupled square plaquettes. As a function of the on-site Coulomb repulsion U and the density of holes per site, x, we demonstrate the existence of at least 16 distinct phases. For instance, at zero doping, the ground state is a novel d-wave Mott insulator (d-Mott), which is not adiabatically continuable to a band insulator; by doping the d-Mott state with holes, depending on the magnitude of U, it gives way to a d-wave superconducting state, a two-flavor spin-1/2 Fermi liquid (FL), or a spin-3/2 FL.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Dynamical Layer Decoupling in a Stripe-ordered, High T_c Superconductor
In the stripe-ordered state of a strongly-correlated two-dimensional electronic system, under a set of special circumstances, the superconducting condensate, like the magnetic order, can occur at a non-zero wave-vector corresponding to a spatial period double that of the charge order. In this case, the Josephson coupling between near neighbor planes, especially in a crystal with the special structure of La{sub 2-x}Ba{sub x}CuO{sub 4}, vanishes identically. We propose that this is the underlying cause of the dynamical decoupling of the layers recently observed in transport measurements at x = 1/8.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
Inferring effective interactions from the local density of states: application to STM data from Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 delta
While the influence of impurities on the local density of states (LDOS) in a metal is notoriously non-local due to interference effects, low order moments of the LDOS in general can be shown to depend only on the local structure of the Hamiltonian. Specifically, we show that an analysis of the spatial variations of these moments permits one to 'work backwards' from scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) data to infer the local structure of the underlying effective Hamiltonian. Applying this analysis to STM data from the high temperature superconductor, Bi{sub 2}Sr{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub 8+{delta}}, we find that the variations of the electro-chemical potential are remarkably small (i.e., the disorder is, in a sense, weak) but that there are large variations in the local magnitude of the d-wave gap parameter.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Distinguishing Patterns of Charge Order: Stripes or Checkerboards
In two dimensions, quenched disorder always rounds transitions involving the breaking of spatial symmetries so, in practice, it can often be difficult to infer what form the symmetry breaking would take in the 'ideal,' zero disorder limit. We discuss methods of data analysis which can be useful for making such inferences, and apply them to the problem of determining whether the preferred order in the cuprates is 'stripes' or 'checkerboards.' In many cases we show that the experiments clearly indicate stripe order, while in others (where the observed correlation length is short), the answer is presently uncertain.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Theory of Electron Nematic Order in LaOFeAs
We study a spin S quantum Heisenberg model on the Fe lattice of the rare-earth oxypnictide superconductors. Using both large S and large N methods, we show that this model exhibits a sequence of two phase transitions: from a high temperature symmetric phase to a narrow region of intermediate 'nematic' phase, and then to a low temperature spin ordered phase. Identifying phases by their broken symmetries, these phases correspond precisely to the sequence of structural (tetragonal to monoclinic) and magnetic transitions that have been recently revealed in neutron scattering studies of LaOFeAs. The structural transition can thus be identified with the existence of incipient ('fluctuating') magnetic order.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Theory of quantum metal to superconductor transitions in highly conducting systems
We derive the theory of the quantum (zero temperature) superconductor to metal transition in disordered materials when the resistance of the normal metal near criticality is small compared to the quantum of resistivity. This can occur most readily in situations in which 'Anderson's theorem' does not apply. We explicitly study the transition in superconductor-metal composites, in an swave superconducting film in the presence of a magnetic field, and in a low temperature disordered d-wave superconductor. Near the point of the transition, the distribution of the superconducting order parameter is highly inhomogeneous. To describe this situation we employ a procedure which is similar to that introduced by Mott for description of the temperature dependence of the variable range hopping conduction. As the system approaches the point of the transition from the metal to the superconductor, the conductivity of the system diverges, and the Wiedemann-Franz law is violated. In the case of d-wave (or other exotic) superconductors we predict the existence of (at least) two sequential transitions as a function of increasing disorder: a d-wave to s-wave, and then an s-wave to metal transition.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
The Optimal Inhomogeneity for Superconductivity: Finite Size Studies
We report the results of exact diagonalization studies of Hubbard models on a 4 x 4 square lattice with periodic boundary conditions and various degrees and patterns of inhomogeneity, which are represented by inequivalent hopping integrals t and t{prime}. We focus primarily on two patterns, the checkerboard and the striped cases, for a large range of values of the on-site repulsion U and doped hole concentration, x. We present evidence that superconductivity is strongest for U of order the bandwidth, and intermediate inhomogeneity, 0 < t{prime} < t. The maximum value of the 'pair-binding energy' we have found with purely repulsive interactions is {Delta}{sub pb} = 0.32t for the checkerboard Hubbard model with U = 8t and t{prime} = 0.5t. Moreover, for near optimal values, our results are insensitive to changes in boundary conditions, suggesting that the correlation length is sufficiently short that finite size effects are already unimportant.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
Superconductivity in Zigzag CuO Chains
Superconductivity has recently been discovered in Pr{sub 2}Ba{sub 4}Cu{sub 7}O{sub 15-{delta}} with a maximum T{sub c} of about 15K. Since the CuO planes in this material are believed to be insulating, it has been proposed that the superconductivity occurs in the double (or zigzag) CuO chain layer. On phenomenological grounds we propose a theoretical interpretation of the experimental results in terms of a new phase for the zigzag chain, labelled by C{sub 1}S{sub 3/2}. This phase has a gap in the relative charge mode and a partial gap in the relative spin mode. It has gapless uniform charge and spin excitations and can have a divergent superconducting susceptibility, even for repulsive interactions. A microscopic model for the zigzag CuO chain is proposed, and on the basis of density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) and bosonization studies, we adduce evidence that supports our proposal.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
An Exact Chiral Spin Liquid with Non-Abelian Anyons
We establish the existence of a chiral spin liquid (CSL) as the exact ground state of the Kitaev model on a decorated honeycomb lattice, which is obtained by replacing each site in the familiar honeycomb lattice with a triangle. The CSL state spontaneously breaks time reversal symmetry but preserves other symmetries. There are two topologically distinct CSLs separated by a quantum critical point. Interestingly, vortex excitations in the topologically nontrivial (Chern number {+-}1) CSL obey non-Abelian statistics.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
On the Absence of Ferromagnetism in Typical 2D Ferromagnets
We consider the Ising systems in d dimensions with nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic interactions and long-range repulsive (antiferromagnetic) interactions that decay with power s of the distance. The physical context of such models is discussed; primarily this is d = 2 and s = 3 where, at long distances, genuine magnetic interactions between genuine magnetic dipoles are of this form.We prove that when the power of decay lies above d and does not exceed d + 1, then for all temperatures the spontaneous magnetization is zero. In contrast, we also show that for powers exceeding d + 1 (with d {ge} 2) magnetic order can occur.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
Critical Thickness for Itinerant Ferromagnetism in Ultrathin Films of SrRuO_3
Ultrathin films of the itinerant ferromagnet SrRuO{sub 3} were studied using transport and magneto-optic polar Kerr effect. We find that below 4 monolayers the films become insulating and their magnetic character changes as they loose their simple ferromagnetic behavior. We observe a strong reduction in the magnetic moment which for 3 monolayers and below lies in the plane of the film. Exchange-bias behavior is observed below the critical thickness, and may point to induced antiferromagnetism in contact with ferromagnetic regions.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Inverse Proximity Effect in Superconductor-ferromagnet Bilayer Structures
Measurements of the polar Kerr effect using a zero-area-loop Sagnac magnetometer on Pb/Ni and Al/(Co-Pd) proximity-effect bilayers show unambiguous evidence for the 'inverse proximity effect,' in which the ferromagnet (F) induces a finite magnetization in the superconducting (S) layer. To avoid probing the magnetic effects in the ferromagnet, the superconducting layer was prepared much thicker than the light's optical penetration depth. The sign and size of the effect, as well as its temperature dependence agree with recent predictions by Bergeret et al.[1].
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
STM Studies of Near-Optimal Doped Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 delta
In this paper we summarize our STM studies of the density of electronic states in nearly optimally doped Bi{sub 2}Sr{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub 8 + {delta}} in zero field. We report on the inhomogeneity of the gap structure, density of states modulations with four-lattice constant period, and coherence peak modulation.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗