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At least 253 records · Page 14
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on TlAsO6 by Materials Project

TlAsO6 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbca space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Tl is bonded to six O atoms to form TlO6 octahedra that share corners with four equivalent AsO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Tl–O bond distances ranging from 2.25–2.37 Å. As is bonded to four O atoms to form AsO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four equivalent TlO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 56–60°. There are a spread of As–O bond distances ranging from 1.70–1.75 Å. There are six inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Tl and one As atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Tl atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Tl and one As atom. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Tl atom. In the fifth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Tl and one As atom. In the sixth O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Tl and one As atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cs2TlHCl5 by Materials Project

Cs2TlHCl5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Cl atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Cl bond distances ranging from 3.60–3.94 Å. Tl is bonded in an octahedral geometry to one H and five Cl atoms. The Tl–H bond length is 1.81 Å. There are a spread of Tl–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.66 Å. H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Tl atom. There are four inequivalent Cl sites. In the first Cl site, Cl is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Cs and one Tl atom. In the second Cl site, Cl is bonded to four equivalent Cs and one Tl atom to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing ClCs4Tl square pyramids. In the third Cl site, Cl is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to four equivalent Cs and one Tl atom. In the fourth Cl site, Cl is bonded to four equivalent Cs and one Tl atom to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing ClCs4Tl square pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

An innovative heterogeneous transfer learning framework to enhance the scalability of deep reinforcement learning controllers in buildings with integrated energy systems

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)-based control shows enhanced performance in the management of integrated energy systems when compared with Rule-Based Controllers (RBCs), but it still lacks scalability and generalisation due to the necessity of using tailored models for the training process. Transfer Learning (TL) is a potential solution to address this limitation. However, existing TL applications in building control have been mostly tested among buildings with similar features, not addressing the need to scale up advanced control in real-world scenarios with diverse energy systems. This paper assesses the performance of an online heterogeneous TL strategy, comparing it with RBC and offline and online DRL controllers in a simulation setup using EnergyPlus and Python. The study tests the transfer in both transductive and inductive settings of a DRL policy designed to manage a chiller coupled with a Thermal Energy Storage (TES). The control policy is pre-trained on a source building and transferred to various target buildings characterised by an integrated energy system including photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems, different building envelope features, occupancy schedule and boundary conditions (e.g., weather and price signal). The TL approach incorporates model slicing, imitation learning and fine-tuning to handle diverse state spaces and reward functions between source and target buildings. Results show that the proposed methodology leads to a reduction of 10% in electricity cost and between 10% and 40% in the mean value of the daily average temperature violation rate compared to RBC and online DRL controllers. Moreover, online TL maximises self-sufficiency and self-consumption by 9% and 11% with respect to RBC. Conversely, online TL achieves worse performance compared to offline DRL in either transductive or inductive settings. However, offline Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agents should be trained at least for 15 episodes to reach the same level of performance as the online TL. Therefore, the proposed online TL methodology is effective, completely model-free and it can be directly implemented in real buildings with satisfying performance.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2025

Applying Transfer Learning for Street-Scale Nuisance Flood Forecasting in Coastal-Urban Cities

An important challenge with Machine Learning (ML) is its transferability; that is, whether a ML model trained on one set of data can be applied to a second set of data without requiring a full re-training of the model. Transfer Learning (TL) addresses this challenge by transferring knowledge learned in the source domain (the data it was trained on) to the target domain (a second set of data that is statistically different but related, which the model was not trained on). This study investigates the use of TL for street-scale nuisance flood forecasting by exploring whether a ML model trained on data collected for one set of streets can effectively forecast flooding for another set of streets in the same city using TL. The envisioned use case is a city deploying a new flood depth monitoring sensor on a street and using TL to apply a ML model, trained on sensor data from an existing flood depth sensor network, to this new street. Eventually, the new flood depth sensor will have a sufficient dataset for training its own ML model, but TL can be used to fill the gap in time while this new dataset is being generated. This method is explored using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model trained on data for the flood-prone streets of Norfolk City, Virginia. The data used for training includes environmental time series (rainfall, tide), topographic features (Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Depth To Water (DTW)), and street-scale flood depth time series obtained from a high-fidelity physics-based model, acting as a synthetic street-scale stream depth sensor dataset since actual stream depth sensor data is generally unavailable for most cities. A set of 180 flood-prone streets was used to train a base model, while another set of 180 flood-prone streets was used to re-train that model using different TL strategies. The results show that full-weight re-training proved most effective and minimal re-training of only the output layer was insufficient. The advantage of TL was most pronounced when target data was limited, meaning data collected at the new water depth sensor location included generally less than 18 flood events. As target data increased beyond 18 flood events, the benefit of TL diminished relative to training a ML model directly on the local flood events. These findings can assist cities as they implement street-scale flood sensing systems to create accurate forecasts for new sensing locations that do not yet have sufficient data records to train a local ML model.

Roy, Binata [Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, V↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on DyTlPd by Materials Project

DyPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Dy is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.06 Å) and one longer (3.16 Å) Dy–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.22 Å) and four longer (3.37 Å) Dy–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Dy and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.84 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Dy and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.92 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Dy and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on YTlPd by Materials Project

YPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.07 Å) and one longer (3.17 Å) Y–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.23 Å) and four longer (3.38 Å) Y–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Y and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.92 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Y and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.84 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Y and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on YbTlPd by Materials Project

YbPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Yb is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Yb–Pd bond lengths are 3.10 Å. There are two shorter (3.27 Å) and four longer (3.39 Å) Yb–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Yb and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.88 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Yb and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.88 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Yb and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Li5Tl2 by Materials Project

Li5Tl2 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3m space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of three Li5Tl2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. there are three inequivalent Li sites. In the first Li site, Li is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Li and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are six shorter (2.90 Å) and two longer (2.98 Å) Li–Li bond lengths. All Li–Tl bond lengths are 3.32 Å. In the second Li site, Li is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Li–Tl bond lengths are 2.95 Å. In the third Li site, Li is bonded to three equivalent Li and four equivalent Tl atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing LiLi3Tl4 tetrahedra. There are one shorter (2.84 Å) and three longer (2.88 Å) Li–Tl bond lengths. Tl is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to ten Li atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Tl5Te3 by Materials Project

Tl5Te3 crystallizes in the tetragonal I-4 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Tl1+ sites. In the first Tl1+ site, Tl1+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to one Tl1+ and four Te+1.67- atoms. The Tl–Tl bond length is 3.46 Å. There are a spread of Tl–Te bond distances ranging from 3.33–3.57 Å. In the second Tl1+ site, Tl1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one Tl1+ and four Te+1.67- atoms. The Tl–Tl bond length is 3.49 Å. There are a spread of Tl–Te bond distances ranging from 3.34–3.57 Å. In the third Tl1+ site, Tl1+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to four Tl1+ and two Te+1.67- atoms. There are one shorter (3.24 Å) and one longer (3.46 Å) Tl–Te bond lengths. There are three inequivalent Te+1.67- sites. In the first Te+1.67- site, Te+1.67- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to six Tl1+ and one Te+1.67- atom. The Te–Te bond length is 3.07 Å. In the second Te+1.67- site, Te+1.67- is bonded in a distorted q6 geometry to ten Tl1+ atoms. In the third Te+1.67- site, Te+1.67- is bonded in a distorted octahedral geometry to two equivalent Tl1+ and four equivalent Te+1.67- atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CeTlPd by Materials Project

CePdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ce is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.11 Å) and one longer (3.23 Å) Ce–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.28 Å) and four longer (3.46 Å) Ce–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ce and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.86 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Ce and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.96 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Ce and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on ErTlPd by Materials Project

ErPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.04 Å) and one longer (3.15 Å) Er–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.20 Å) and four longer (3.35 Å) Er–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Er and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.82 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Er and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.91 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Er and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on GdTlPd by Materials Project

GdPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Gd is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.09 Å) and one longer (3.19 Å) Gd–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.26 Å) and four longer (3.40 Å) Gd–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Gd and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.85 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Gd and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.94 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Gd and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on LaTlPd by Materials Project

LaPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. La is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.16 Å) and one longer (3.29 Å) La–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.36 Å) and four longer (3.52 Å) La–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent La and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.89 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent La and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 3.03 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent La and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on NdTlPd by Materials Project

NdPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Nd is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.12 Å) and one longer (3.24 Å) Nd–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.30 Å) and four longer (3.46 Å) Nd–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Nd and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.87 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Nd and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.99 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Nd and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on TbTlPd by Materials Project

TbPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Tb is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.07 Å) and one longer (3.17 Å) Tb–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.23 Å) and four longer (3.38 Å) Tb–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Tb and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.84 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Tb and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.93 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Tb and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SmTlPd by Materials Project

SmPdTl crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to five Pd and six equivalent Tl atoms. There are four shorter (3.10 Å) and one longer (3.21 Å) Sm–Pd bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.27 Å) and four longer (3.42 Å) Sm–Tl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Pd sites. In the first Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Sm and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.86 Å. In the second Pd site, Pd is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Sm and three equivalent Tl atoms. All Pd–Tl bond lengths are 2.96 Å. Tl is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Sm and four Pd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Mg5Tl2 by Materials Project

Mg5Tl2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Ibam space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Mg sites. In the first Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Mg and four equivalent Tl atoms. Both Mg–Mg bond lengths are 3.22 Å. There are a spread of Mg–Tl bond distances ranging from 2.99–3.22 Å. In the second Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one Mg and four equivalent Tl atoms. The Mg–Mg bond length is 3.37 Å. There are two shorter (2.99 Å) and two longer (3.12 Å) Mg–Tl bond lengths. In the third Mg site, Mg is bonded to eight Mg and four equivalent Tl atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and face-sharing MgMg8Tl4 cuboctahedra. Both Mg–Mg bond lengths are 3.12 Å. All Mg–Tl bond lengths are 3.08 Å. Tl is bonded in a distorted q6 geometry to ten Mg atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on TlCoMo2 by Materials Project

Mo2CoTl crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Mo sites. In the first Mo site, Mo is bonded to four equivalent Mo and four equivalent Tl atoms to form distorted edge-sharing MoTl4Mo4 tetrahedra. All Mo–Mo bond lengths are 2.76 Å. All Mo–Tl bond lengths are 2.76 Å. In the second Mo site, Mo is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Mo, four equivalent Co, and six equivalent Tl atoms. All Mo–Co bond lengths are 2.76 Å. All Mo–Tl bond lengths are 3.19 Å. Co is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to four equivalent Mo and four equivalent Tl atoms. All Co–Tl bond lengths are 2.76 Å. Tl is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to ten Mo and four equivalent Co atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗