<a study of the effects of protective filters and lenses on color judgement< final report
Effect of protective filters and lenses on color judgment by humans
COLOR PERCEPTION↗
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Results for “Judgment”
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Biomedical and Human Factors Requirements for a Manned Earth Orbiting Station
This report is the result of a study conducted by Republic Aviation Corporation in conjunction with Spacelabs, Inc.,in a team effort in which Republic Aviation Corporation was prime contractor. In order to determine the realistic engineering design requirements associated with the medical and human factors problems of a manned space station, an interdisciplinary team of personnel from the Research and Space Divisions was organized. This team included engineers, physicians, physiologists, psychologists, and physicists. Recognizing that the value of the study is dependent upon medical judgments as well as more quantifiable factors (such as design parameters) a group of highly qualified medical consultants participated in working sessions to determine which medical measurements are required to meet the objectives of the study. In addition, various Life Sciences personnel from NASA (Headquarters, Langley, MSC) participated in monthly review sessions. The organization, team members, consultants, and some of the part-time contributors are shown in Figure 1. This final report embodies contributions from all of these participants.
EARTH ORBIT↗
Intermodality judgements of signal duration.
Inter- and intramodal comparisons of light and tone durations in two-alternative forced-choice situation, noting possible judgment errors
PERCEPTUAL SPEED↗
Magnitude estimation of perceived distance over various distance ranges
Magnitude estimation judgments of perceived distance for stationary space vehicle under conditions simulating outer space
Arnoult, M. D.↗
The noisiness of tones plus noise
Judgment tests conducted to determine noise levels or loudness of tones plus noise
Bishop, D. E.↗
Judged noisiness of modulated and multiple tones in broad-band noise.
Noise level perception and subjective judgments for broadband noise with single, modulated and multiple tones, considering tone correction procedures
Bishop, D. E.↗
Magnitude estimation - The exponent and range of response
Magnitude estimation judgments on space vehicle distance and responses studied according to stimulus range
Markley, R. P.↗
Study of the effects of the Doppler shift on perceived noisiness
Judgment of effects of Doppler shifts on perceived noisiness of aircraft made by subjects in anechoic chamber
Bennett, R.↗
Magnitude estimation - Range of response and the exponent
Space vehicle apparent distance magnitude estimation judgments, investigating stimulus range effects on response range and Stevens type power function exponent
Markley, R. P.↗
Simulated indoor sonic booms judged relative to noise from subsonic aircraft
Judgment tests were conducted in which subjects equated the subjective unwantedness or noisiness of simulated indoor sonic booms with the flyover noise of a subsonic jet aircraft as heard indoors. It was found that the spectral content of the booms, as affected by changes in the rise time of the booms, influenced the relative subjective noisiness of the booms in a way predictable from certain physical measures of Max and EPNL. However, a correction factor is required for predicting from physical measures the subjective noisiness of sonic booms when compared to nonimpulsive subsonic aircraft flyover noise measured in the same physical units. It appears that a somewhat different correction value is required for booms heard outdoors than when heard indoors.
Kryter, K. D.↗
Lateral stability and control derivatives of a jet fighter airplane extracted from flight test data by utilizing maximum likelihood estimation
A method of parameter extraction for stability and control derivatives of aircraft from flight test data, implementing maximum likelihood estimation, has been developed and successfully applied to actual lateral flight test data from a modern sophisticated jet fighter. This application demonstrates the important role played by the analyst in combining engineering judgment and estimator statistics to yield meaningful results. During the analysis, the problems of uniqueness of the extracted set of parameters and of longitudinal coupling effects were encountered and resolved. The results for all flight runs are presented in tabular form and as time history comparisons between the estimated states and the actual flight test data.
Parrish, R. V.↗
Sensing land pollution.
Land pollution is described in numerous ways by various societies. Pollutants of land are material by-products of human activity and range from environmentally ineffective to positively toxic. The pollution of land by man is centuries old and correlates directly with economy, technology and population. In order to remotely sense land pollution, standards or thresholds must be established. Examples of the potential for sensing land pollution and quality are presented. The technological capabilities for remotely sensed land quality is far advanced over the judgment on how to use the sensed data. Until authoritative and directive decisions on land pollution policy are made, sensing of pollutants will be a random, local and academic affair.
Bowden, L. W.↗
On the tidal effects in the motion of artificial satellites.
The general perturbations in the elliptic and vectorial elements of a satellite as caused by the tidal deformations of the non-spherical Earth are developed into trigonometric series in the standard ecliptical arguments of Hill-Brown lunar theory and in the equatorial elements of the satellite. The integration of the differential equations for variation of elements of the satellite in this theory is easy because all arguments are linear or nearly linear in time. The trigonometrical expansion permits a judgment about the relative significance of the amplitudes and periods of different tidal 'waves' over a long period of time. Graphs are presented of the tidal perturbations in the elliptic elements of the BE-C satellite which illustrate long term periodic behavior. The tidal effects are clearly noticeable in the observations and their comparison with the theory permits improvement of the 'global' Love numbers for the Earth.
Musen, P.↗
Computer program for the design of toroidal transformers
Program relieves designer of most of the computational details, while he maintains control over most engineering decisions. Number of specifications that must be supplied by user allows for considerable flexibility and for exercise of engineering judgment. Speed of program makes it possible to run many cases, economically determining effect of various parameter changes.
Dayton, J. A., Jr.↗
Application of automated multispectral analysis to Delaware's coastal vegetation mapping
There are no author-identified significant results in this report. Overlay maps of Delaware's wetlands have been prepared, showing the dominant species or group of species of vegetation present. Five such categories of vegetation were used indicating marshes dominated by: (1) salt marsh cord grass; (2) salt marsh hay and spike grass; (3) reed grass; (4) high tide bush and sea myrtle; and (5) a group of fresh water species found in impounded areas built to attract water fowl. Fifteen such maps cover Delaware's wetlands from the Pennsylvania to the Maryland borders. The mapping technique employed utilizes the General Electric multispectral data processing system. This system is a hybrid analog-digital system designed as an analysis tool to be used by an operator whose own judgment and knowledge of ground truth can be incorporated at any time into the analyzing process. The result is a high speed, cost effective method for producing enhanced photomaps showing a number of spectral classes, each enhanced spectral class being representative of a vegetative species or group of species.
Klemas, V.↗
Analysis of passenger acceptance of commercial flights having characteristics similar to STOL
Previous work in the development of quantitative models for the prediction of passenger reaction to motion and vehicle environment parameters in flight was extended to include a class of aircraft appropriate for low-density, short-haul service. The results indicate that it is possible to obtain quantitative response inputs from an usually small special test-subject group which will be representative of the general traveling public. Additional data which indicate the importance of comfort as a factor in evaluating ride quality was obtained, and identification of the factors which contribute to judgments regarding comfort level was improved. Seat comfort and seat spacing is very vital in the smaller aircraft. Mathematical modeling applied in conjuction with passenger reaction data was shown to be very useful for establishing ride-quality design criteria.
Kuhlthau, A. R.↗
Techniques for Forecasting Air Passenger Traffic
The basic techniques of forecasting the air passenger traffic are outlined. These techniques can be broadly classified into four categories: judgmental, time-series analysis, market analysis and analytical. The differences between these methods exist, in part, due to the degree of formalization of the forecasting procedure. Emphasis is placed on describing the analytical method.
Taneja, N.↗
Cortical potentials evoked by confirming and disconfirming feedback following an auditory discrimination.
Vertex potentials elicited by visual feedback signals following an auditory intensity discrimination have been studied with eight subjects. Feedback signals which confirmed the prior sensory decision elicited small P3s, while disconfirming feedback elicited P3s that were larger. On the average, the latency of P3 was also found to increase with increasing disparity between the judgment and the feedback information. These effects were part of an overall dichotomy in wave shape following confirming vs disconfirming feedback. These findings are incorporated in a general model of the role of P3 in perceptual decision making.
Squires, K. C.↗