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Results for “ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTIONS”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 253 records · Page 14
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Transition from thermal to turbulent equilibrium with a resulting electromagnetic spectrum

A recent paper [Ziebell et al., Phys. Plasmas 21, 010701 (2014)] discusses a new type of radiation emission process for plasmas in a state of quasi-equilibrium between the particles and enhanced Langmuir turbulence. Such a system may be an example of the so-called “turbulent quasi-equilibrium.” In the present paper, it is shown on the basis of electromagnetic weak turbulence theory that an initial thermal equilibrium state (i.e., only electrostatic fluctuations and Maxwellian particle distributions) transitions toward the turbulent quasi-equilibrium state with enhanced electromagnetic radiation spectrum, thus demonstrating that the turbulent quasi-equilibrium discussed in the above paper correctly describes the weakly turbulent plasma dynamically interacting with electromagnetic fluctuations, while maintaining a dynamical steady-state in the average sense.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2017

Drekar v.2.0

Drekar is an application code that solves partial differential equations for fluids that can be optionally coupled to electromagnetics. Drekar solves low-mach compressible and incompressible computational fluid dynamics (CFD), compressible and incompressible resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), and multiple species plasmas interacting with electromagnetic fields. Drekar discretization technology includes continuous and discontinuous finite element formulations, stabilized finite element formulations, mixed integration finite element bases (nodal, edge, face, volume) and an initial arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) capability. Drekar contains the implementation of the discretized physics and leverages the open source Trilinos project for both parallel solver capabilities and general finite element discretization tools. The code will be released open source under a BSD license. The code is used for fundamental research for simulation of fluids and plasmas on high performance computing environments.

Seefeldt, Ben↗
DOE OSTI2011

Coherent {pi}{sup 0}-photoproduction on the deuteron including polarization observables

Coherent {pi}{sup 0}-photoproduction on the deuteron including polarization effects in the energy region from {pi}-threshold up to 1 GeV is studied using an enhanced elementary pion photo-production operator on the free nucleon and a realistic NN potential model for the deuteron wave function. Results for double polarization observables are predicted for which the sensitivity to various models for the elementary pion photoproduction amplitude is investigated. We find considerable dependence of the results on the elementary amplitude. In addition, results for differential cross section are predicted and compared with the experimental data from TAPS and a satisfactory agreement was found.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Differential cross sections and spin density matrix elements for {gamma}p {yields} {phi}p from CLAS

Preliminary differential cross-sections and the {rho}{sub MM'}{sup 0} spin density matrix elements (SDME) for the reaction {gamma}{rho} {yields} {phi}p for both charged-({phi} {yields} K{sup +}K-) and neutral-mode ({phi} {yields} K{sub L}{sup 0}K{sub S}{sup 0}) topologies obtained from CLAS are presented. Our kinematic coverage is from near production threshold ({radical}(s){approx}1.97 GeV) to ({radical}(s) 2.84 GeV), with a wide coverage in the production angle. As seen in previous LEPS results, the differential cross-sections show a localized 'bump' between ({radical}(s){approx}2 and 2.2 GeV that is not expected from a simple Pomeron exchange picture. Comparisons between the charged- and neutral-mode results and possible effects from the K{sup +}{Lambda}(1520) channel are discussed. Our SDME results confirm the well-known deviations from t-channel helicity conservation (TCHC) for Pomeron exchange, but s-channel helicity conservation (SCHC) is also seen to be broken.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

A resonance interpretation for the nonmonotonic behavior of the {phi} photoproduction cross section near threshold

We study whether the nonmonotonic behavior found in the differential cross section of the {phi}-meson photoproduction near threshold can be described by a resonance. The resonant contribution is evaluated by using an effective Lagrangian approach. We find that, with the assumption of a J{sup P} 3/2{sup -} resonance with mass of 2.10{+-}0.03 GeV and width of 0.465{+-}0.141 GeV, LEPS data can indeed be well described. The ratio of the helicity amplitudes A{sub 1/2}/A{sub 3/2} calculated from the resulting coupling constants differs in sign from that of the known D{sub 13}(2080). We further find that the addition of this postulated resonance can substantially improve the agreement between the existing theoretical predictions and the recent {omega} photoproduction data if a large value of the OZI evading parameter xOZI = 12 is assumed for the resonance.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

{Lambda}K*{Lambda}(1116) photoproduction and nucleon resonances

In this presentation, we report our recent studies on the {Lambda}K*{Lambda}(1116) photoproduction off the proton target, using the tree-level Born approximation, via the effective Lagrangian approach. In addition, we include the nine (three- or four-star confirmed) nucleon resonances below the threshold {radical}(s{sub th}){approx_equal}2008 MeV, to interpret the discrepancy between the experiment and previous theoretical studies, in the vicinity of the threshold region. From the numerical studies, we observe that the S{sub 11}(1535) and S11(1650) play an important role for the cross-section enhancement near the {radical}(s{sub th}). It also turns out that, in order to reproduce the data, we have the vector coupling constants gK*S{sub 11}(1535){Lambda} = (7.0{approx}9.0) and gK*S{sub 11}(1650){Lambda} (5.0{approx}6.0).

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Confined states in photonic-magnonic crystals with complex unit cell

We have investigated multifunctional periodic structures in which electromagnetic waves and spin waves can be confined in the same areas. Such simultaneous localization of both sorts of excitations can potentially enhance the interaction between electromagnetic waves and spin waves. The system we considered has a form of one dimensional photonic-magnonic crystal with two types of magnetic layers (thicker and thinner ones) separated by sections of the dielectric photonic crystals. We focused on the electromagnetic defect modes localized in the magnetic layers (areas where spin waves can be excited) and decaying in the sections of conventional (nonmagnetic) photonic crystals. We showed how the change of relative thickness of two types of the magnetic layers can influence on the spectrum of spin waves and electromagnetic defect modes, both localized in magnetic parts of the system.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2011

High-energy photon-hadron scattering in holographic QCD

This article provides an in-depth look at hadron high-energy scattering by using gravity dual descriptions of strongly coupled gauge theories. Just like deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) and deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) serve as clean experimental probes into nonperturbative internal structure of hadrons, elastic scattering amplitude of a hadron and a (virtual) photon in gravity dual can be exploited as a theoretical probe. Since the scattering amplitude at sufficiently high energy (small Bjorken x) is dominated by parton contributions (=Pomeron contributions) even in strong coupling regime, there is a chance to learn a lesson for generalized parton distribution (GPD) by using gravity dual models. We begin with refining derivation of the Brower-Polchinski-Strassler-Tan (BPST) Pomeron kernel in gravity dual, paying particular attention to the role played by the complex spin variable j. The BPST Pomeron on warped spacetime consists of a Kaluza-Klein tower of 4D Pomerons with nonlinear trajectories, and we clarify the relation between Pomeron couplings and the Pomeron form factor. We emphasize that the saddle-point value j* of the scattering amplitude in the complex j-plane representation is a very important concept in understanding qualitative behavior of the scattering amplitude. The total Pomeron contribution to the scattering is decomposed into the saddle-point contribution and at most a finite number of pole contributions, and when the pole contributions are absent (which we call saddle-point phase), kinematical variable (q,x,t)-dependence of ln(1/q) evolution and ln(1/x) evolution parameters {gamma}{sub eff} and {lambda}{sub eff} in DIS and t-slope parameter B of DVCS in HERA experiment are all reproduced qualitatively in gravity dual. All of these observations shed a new light on modeling of GPD. Straightforward application of those results to other hadron high-energy scattering is also discussed.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Photoneutron cross sections for Au

Photoneutron cross sections were measured for Au in the entire energy range of the ({gamma},n) channel based on a direct neutron-counting technique with quasimonochromatic {gamma} rays produced in inverse Compton-scattering of laser photons with relativistic electrons. We present results of the measurement in comparison with the past data.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Proposal for GPD studies at COMPASS

The study of nucleon structure through Generalised Parton Distributions (GPD) is one major part of the future COMPASS-II physics program and can be performed using exclusive reactions like Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) and Meson Production. The high energy of the muon beam allows to measure the x{sub B}-dependence of the t-slope of the DVCS cross section. The use of positive and negative polarised muon beams allows to determine the Beam Charge and Spin Difference of the DVCS cross sections to access the real part of the Compton form factor related to the dominant GPD H. The sensitivity of both measurements is examined and confronted to existing models or global fits of the data. Preliminary beam test data were analyzed and demonstrated the feasibility of the identification of the DVCS reaction using the COMPASS experimental set-up.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

STUDY OF FOUR YOUNG TeV PULSAR WIND NEBULAE WITH A SPECTRAL EVOLUTION MODEL

We study four young pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) detected in TeV {gamma}-rays, G21.5-0.9, G54.1+0.3, Kes 75, and G0.9+0.1, using the spectral evolution model developed and applied to the Crab Nebula in our previous work. We model the evolution of the magnetic field and the particle distribution function inside a uniformly expanding PWN considering a time-dependent injection from the pulsar and radiative and adiabatic losses. Considering uncertainties in the interstellar radiation field (ISRF) and their distance, we study two cases for each PWN. Because TeV PWNe have a large TeV {gamma}-ray to X-ray flux ratio, the magnetic energy of the PWNe accounts for only a small fraction of the total energy injected (typically a few Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -3}). The {gamma}-ray emission is dominated by inverse Compton scattering off the infrared photons of the ISRF. A broken power-law distribution function for the injected particles reproduces the observed spectrum well, except for G0.9+0.1. For G0.9+0.1, we do not need a low-energy counterpart because adiabatic losses alone are enough to reproduce the radio observations. High-energy power-law indices at injection are similar (2.5-2.6), while low-energy power-law indices range from 1.0 to 1.6. The lower limit of the particle injection rate indicates that the pair multiplicity is larger than 10{sup 4}. The corresponding upper limit of the bulk Lorentz factor of the pulsar winds is close to the break energy of the broken power-law injection, except for Kes 75. The initial rotational energy and the magnetic energy of the pulsars seem anticorrelated, although the statistics are poor.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Extraction of the Compton Form Factor H from DVCS Measurements in the Quark Sector

Working at twist 2 accuracy and assuming the dominance of the Generalized Parton Distribution H we study the helicity-dependent and independent cross sections measured in Hall A, the beam spin asymmetries measured in Hall B at Jefferson Laboratory and beam charge, beam spin and target spin asymmetries measured by Hermes. We extract the real and imaginary parts of the Compton Form Factor H, the latter being obtained with a 20-50 % uncertainty. We pay extra attention to the estimation of systematic errors on the extraction of H. We discuss our results and compare to other extractions as well as to the popular VGG model.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Photoproduction of K{Sigma}(1385) from the nucleon

The reactions of K{Sigma}(1385) photoproduction, i.e., {gamma}p {yields} K{sup +}{Sigma}{sup 0}(1385) and {gamma} {yields} K{sup +}{Sigma}{sup -}(1385), are investigated in the resonance energy region for studying the role of the nucleon and {Delta} resonances of masses around 2 GeV. The Lagrangians for describing the decays of these resonances into the K{Sigma}(1385) channel are constructed and the decay amplitudes are obtained, which allows us to determine the coupling constants using the predictions of quark models or the data listed by the Particle Data Group. The resulting cross sections are compared to the data from the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility and the SPring-8, which indicates nontrivial contributions from the two-star-rated resonances in the Particle Data Group as well as from some missing resonances predicted by a quark model.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Incoherent {phi} photo-production from deuteron in SPring-8/LEPS

We present measurements of differential cross sections and decay asymmetries of incoherent {phi}-meson photo-production from the deuteron at forward angles using linearly polarized photons beam in energy range from the production threshold to E = 2.4 GeV. The experiment was performed at the SPring-8/LEPS facility. The differential cross section of incoherent production shows a large suppression compared with the free proton case. The reduction for the deuteron cannot be clearly explained in terms of simple isospin asymmetry. The decay asymmetry of incoherent {phi} photo-production shows that the eta exchange process is small. Since the exclusive K{sup +}K{sup -}p cross section shows the same reduction with incoherent, both the proton and neutron cross section reduce similarly. Consequently, the {pi}-{eta} interference effect is small too. The present results suggest that our understanding of {phi} photo-production within a nucleus should be rearranged.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Charged pion photoproduction with the {Delta}(1232) baryon beyond the resonance region

We investigate the charged pion photoproduction off the proton target with the {Delta}(1232) baryon, i.e., {gamma}p{yields}{pi}{sup -{Delta}++}(1232) and {gamma}p{yields}{pi}{sup +{Delta}0}(1232), based on the effective Lagrangian method, beyond the resonance region, {radical}(s) > or approx. 2 GeV. We employ the {pi}- and {rho}-meson Regge trajectories in the t channel, in addition to the proton and {Delta} pole, in the s and u channels, respectively, and the contact-interaction contributions. A specific scheme for the form factor which satisfies the Ward-Takahashi identity, crossing symmetry, and on-shell condition is taken into account. We also consider a smooth interpolation between the Regge and Feynman propagators for the t-channel meson exchanges as a function of the Mandelstam variable s. We present the numerical results for the energy and angular dependences of the cross sections and the double- and single-polarization observables. It turns out that the present framework reproduces the experimental data qualitatively very well. In particular, the interpolation between the two propagators plays a crucial role in reproducing the high-energy experimental data correctly. The {pi}{sup +} decay-angle distribution is also studied using the {Delta}{sup ++}-decay frame, i.e., the Gottfried-Jackson frame. The present results will be a useful guide for future high-energy photon-beam experiments.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Repulsive and attractive Casimir interactions in liquids

The Casimir interactions in solid-liquid-solid systems as a function of separation distance have been studied by the Lifshitz theory. The dielectric permittivity functions for a wide range of materials are described by Drude, Drude-Lorentz, and oscillator models. We find that the Casimir forces between gold and silica or MgO materials are both repulsive and attractive. We also find the stable forms for the systems. Our studies would provide good guidance for future experimental studies on dispersion interactions.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗