Demonstration of NEAMS Multiphysics Tools for Fast Reactor Applications
The SHARP toolkit is a high-fidelity reactor simulation tool developed under the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Campaign. SHARP toolkit is comprised of the neutronics module PROTEUS thermal hydraulics module Nek5000, and structural mechanics module Diablo. During FY17 and FY18, the PROTEUS and Nek5000 components of SHARP were applied to solve challenging sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) problems. In particular, selected hot channel factors (HCF) for a prototype metal-fueled SFR design (the AFR-100) were analyzed in high fidelity, and the “SHARP zooming capability” for SFRs was developed and demonstrated to reduce computational expense for full core problems in cases where detailed data is needed in selected fuel assemblies. After the previous success applying SHARP to challenging SFR problems, the focus in FY19 and FY20 expanded to additional fast reactor applications including lead cooled fast reactors (LFR) and sodium cooled fast reactors (SFR). The specific technical tasks were (1) assessment of hot channel factors for LFR, for which no data currently exists, and (2) demonstration of zooming capability in assemblies of the Versatile Test Reactor (VTR). First-of-a-kind hot channel factor (HCF) estimation for LFR with high fidelity codes (PROTEUS/Nek5000) was successfully demonstrated in this study which began in FY19 and continued in FY20. Selected HCF were computed and compared with SFR data (AFR-100, EBR-II). The findings confirm that different reactor types, design parameters and uncertainties lead to different HCFs. Careful estimation of HCF for a specific design is necessary to obtain appropriate HCFs. In addition to improvement in HCF accuracy, high fidelity tools generate data to help the designer better understand the mechanism of the impact from these uncertainties. For example, the impact of cladding thickness manufacturing tolerance resulted in non-intuitive effects in the corner pins of the LFR assembly. This procedure of computing HCF using high fidelity models shows promise and flexibility for being repeated for any arbitrary reactor of choice. Along with the application on SFR and LFR, the capability of the tools has also been matured to deal with different reactor types and designs. Progress was made towards extending the previously demonstrated SHARP zooming capability to non-fueled SFR assemblies. In particular, in FY19 a gamma transport capability was implemented in both high fidelity PROTEUS solvers in order to accurately account for heat deposition caused by gamma particles, which accounts for ~10% of total core power. Neutronics verification cases were carried out for a candidate Versatile Test Reactor (VTR) design using the new gamma transport capability in PROTEUS. Comparisons were made with continuous energy MCNP calculations and shown to agree well. The models for the full core design with heterogeneous control and fuel assemblies is in progress for PROTEUS-SN and completed with MCNP. The MCNP power distributions were transferred to Nek5000 to perform thermal hydraulic calculations of the control and fuel assembly.