Electronic structure of reduced CeO 2 (111) surfaces interacting with hydrogen as revealed through electron energy loss spectroscopy in comparison with theoretical investigations
Based on both, ab-initio cluster calculations as well as periodic density functional based loss function calculations, we have assigned the origins of the valence electron excitation regime in electron energy loss spectra of well-ordered ceria films in (111) orientation at various states of reduction as well as after exposing the reduced films to hydrogen from the gas phase (Li et al, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 58 (2019) 14686–14693). The explicit calculation of intensity distributions using the dipole approximation allow us to draw conclusions about the nature of oxygen vacancies, which occur upon reduction and how those interact with hydrogen to form hydride species. Herein, we also reports a brief discussion of vibrational excitations of hydrogen loaded ceria and corroborates previous interpretations, based on inelastic neutron scattering.