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DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Tb6RhBr10 by Materials Project

Tb6RhBr10 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Tb sites. In the first Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Rh and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbRhBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Tb–Rh bond length is 2.74 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.82–3.08 Å. In the second Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Rh and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbRhBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. The Tb–Rh bond length is 2.71 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.85–3.10 Å. In the third Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Rh and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbRhBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Tb–Rh bond length is 2.68 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.91–3.11 Å. Rh is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Tb atoms. There are five inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two Tb atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four Tb atoms. In the third Br site, Br is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Tb atoms. In the fourth Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Tb atoms. In the fifth Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Tb atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sr20P12Br3ClO48 by Materials Project

Sr20P12O48Br3Cl crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are ten inequivalent Sr sites. In the first Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.90 Å. In the second Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.90 Å. In the third Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.91 Å. In the fourth Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.91 Å. In the fifth Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to six O, one Br, and one Cl atom. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.44–3.03 Å. The Sr–Br bond length is 3.19 Å. The Sr–Cl bond length is 3.18 Å. In the sixth Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to six O and two Br atoms. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–3.03 Å. There are one shorter (3.20 Å) and one longer (3.21 Å) Sr–Br bond lengths. In the seventh Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to six O and two Br atoms. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–3.03 Å. There are one shorter (3.20 Å) and one longer (3.21 Å) Sr–Br bond lengths. In the eighth Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to six O, one Br, and one Cl atom. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.45–3.03 Å. The Sr–Br bond length is 3.19 Å. The Sr–Cl bond length is 3.18 Å. In the ninth Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to six O and two Br atoms. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–3.03 Å. There are one shorter (3.20 Å) and one longer (3.21 Å) Sr–Br bond lengths. In the tenth Sr site, Sr is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to six O, one Br, and one Cl atom. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.44–3.03 Å. The Sr–Br bond length is 3.19 Å. The Sr–Cl bond length is 3.18 Å. There are four inequivalent P sites. In the first P site, P is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There is three shorter (1.56 Å) and one longer (1.57 Å) P–O bond length. In the second P site, P is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There is three shorter (1.56 Å) and one longer (1.57 Å) P–O bond length. In the third P site, P is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There is three shorter (1.56 Å) and one longer (1.57 Å) P–O bond length. In the fourth P site, P is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There is three shorter (1.56 Å) and one longer (1.57 Å) P–O bond length. There are twenty-one inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. The O–P bond length is 1.56 Å. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the fifth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the sixth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the seventh O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the eighth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. The O–P bond length is 1.56 Å. In the ninth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. The O–P bond length is 1.56 Å. In the tenth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the eleventh O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the twelfth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the thirteenth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the fourteenth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. The O–P bond length is 1.57 Å. In the fifteenth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. The O–P bond length is 1.57 Å. In the sixteenth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the seventeenth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the eighteenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the nineteenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three Sr and one P atom. In the twentieth O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three Sr and one P atom. The O–P bond length is 1.56 Å. In the twenty-first O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three Sr and one P atom. There are two inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded to six Sr atoms to form face-sharing BrSr6 octahedra. In the second Br site, Br is bonded to six Sr atoms to form BrSr6 octahedra that share a faceface with one BrSr6 octahedra and a faceface with one ClSr6 octahedra. Cl is bonded to six Sr atoms to form ClSr6 octahedra that share faces with two equivalent BrSr6 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y6PdBr10 by Materials Project

Y6PdBr10 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Y sites. In the first Y site, Y is bonded to one Pd and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing YPdBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Y–Pd bond length is 2.73 Å. There are a spread of Y–Br bond distances ranging from 2.83–3.03 Å. In the second Y site, Y is bonded to one Pd and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing YPdBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Y–Pd bond length is 2.71 Å. There are a spread of Y–Br bond distances ranging from 2.92–3.04 Å. In the third Y site, Y is bonded to one Pd and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing YPdBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. The Y–Pd bond length is 2.73 Å. There are a spread of Y–Br bond distances ranging from 2.84–3.09 Å. Pd is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Y atoms. There are five inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Y atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Y atoms. In the third Br site, Br is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four Y atoms. In the fourth Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two Y atoms. In the fifth Br site, Br is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Y atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Tb6CoBr10 by Materials Project

Tb6CoBr10 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Tb sites. In the first Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–6°. The Tb–Co bond length is 2.60 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.85–3.12 Å. In the second Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–6°. The Tb–Co bond length is 2.62 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.90–3.15 Å. In the third Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Tb–Co bond length is 2.68 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.81–3.11 Å. Co is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Tb atoms. There are five inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four Tb atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Tb atoms. In the third Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Tb atoms. In the fourth Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two Tb atoms. In the fifth Br site, Br is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Tb atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Au3Br8N3 by Materials Project

Au3N3Br8 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Au+3.67+ sites. In the first Au+3.67+ site, Au+3.67+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four Br+0.25- atoms. There are two shorter (2.45 Å) and two longer (2.48 Å) Au–Br bond lengths. In the second Au+3.67+ site, Au+3.67+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two Br+0.25- atoms. Both Au–Br bond lengths are 2.38 Å. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven Br+0.25- atoms. There are a spread of N–Br bond distances ranging from 3.56–3.93 Å. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four Br+0.25- atoms. There are two shorter (3.51 Å) and two longer (3.52 Å) N–Br bond lengths. There are four inequivalent Br+0.25- sites. In the first Br+0.25- site, Br+0.25- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Au+3.67+ and two N3- atoms. In the second Br+0.25- site, Br+0.25- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Au+3.67+ and two N3- atoms. In the third Br+0.25- site, Br+0.25- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Au+3.67+ and two equivalent N3- atoms. In the fourth Br+0.25- site, Br+0.25- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Au+3.67+ and three equivalent N3- atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Er6CoBr10 by Materials Project

Er6CoBr10 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Er sites. In the first Er site, Er is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing ErCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–5°. The Er–Co bond length is 2.62 Å. There are a spread of Er–Br bond distances ranging from 2.77–3.07 Å. In the second Er site, Er is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing ErCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–7°. The Er–Co bond length is 2.54 Å. There are a spread of Er–Br bond distances ranging from 2.81–3.07 Å. In the third Er site, Er is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing ErCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–7°. The Er–Co bond length is 2.57 Å. There are a spread of Er–Br bond distances ranging from 2.88–3.08 Å. Co is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Er atoms. There are five inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four Er atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Er atoms. In the third Br site, Br is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Er atoms. In the fourth Br site, Br is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Er atoms. In the fifth Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two Er atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Tb6RuBr10 by Materials Project

Tb6RuBr10 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Tb sites. In the first Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Ru and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbRuBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–5°. The Tb–Ru bond length is 2.70 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.91–3.08 Å. In the second Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Ru and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbRuBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Tb–Ru bond length is 2.68 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.84–3.09 Å. In the third Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Ru and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbRuBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–5°. The Tb–Ru bond length is 2.71 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.82–3.11 Å. Ru is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Tb atoms. There are five inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four Tb atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two Tb atoms. In the third Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Tb atoms. In the fourth Br site, Br is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Tb atoms. In the fifth Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Tb atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Tb6IrBr10 by Materials Project

Tb6IrBr10 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Tb sites. In the first Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Ir and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbIrBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Tb–Ir bond length is 2.71 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.85–3.10 Å. In the second Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Ir and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbIrBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Tb–Ir bond length is 2.74 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.82–3.08 Å. In the third Tb site, Tb is bonded to one Ir and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TbIrBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Tb–Ir bond length is 2.68 Å. There are a spread of Tb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.92–3.08 Å. Ir is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Tb atoms. There are five inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four Tb atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Tb atoms. In the third Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Tb atoms. In the fourth Br site, Br is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Tb atoms. In the fifth Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two Tb atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(BrO6)3 by Materials Project

YO11Br2(O2)2BrO3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two hypobromous acid;dihydrate molecules; four oxygen molecules; and one YO11Br2 ribbon oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. In the YO11Br2 ribbon, Y is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O atoms. There are a spread of Y–O bond distances ranging from 2.11–2.61 Å. There are eleven inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.65 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.65 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to one Y and one O atom. The O–O bond length is 1.30 Å. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Y and one O atom. The O–O bond length is 1.33 Å. In the fifth O site, O is bonded in a water-like geometry to one Y and one O atom. The O–O bond length is 1.33 Å. In the sixth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Y and one O atom. In the seventh O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O atoms. In the eighth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Y and one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.80 Å. In the ninth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.65 Å. In the tenth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Y and one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.80 Å. In the eleventh O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.65 Å. There are two inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three O atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg(BrO4)2 by Materials Project

Hg(O4Br)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic P2_12_12_1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two Hg(O4Br)2 ribbons oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. Hg is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O atoms. There are a spread of Hg–O bond distances ranging from 2.06–2.62 Å. There are eight inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.68 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Hg atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Hg atom. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.66 Å. In the fifth O site, O is bonded in a water-like geometry to one Hg and one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.70 Å. In the sixth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Hg and one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.73 Å. In the seventh O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Hg and one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.71 Å. In the eighth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.67 Å. There are two inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three O atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y6CoBr10 by Materials Project

Y6CoBr10 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Y sites. In the first Y site, Y is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing YCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–6°. The Y–Co bond length is 2.56 Å. There are a spread of Y–Br bond distances ranging from 2.85–3.10 Å. In the second Y site, Y is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing YCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–6°. The Y–Co bond length is 2.65 Å. There are a spread of Y–Br bond distances ranging from 2.91–3.09 Å. In the third Y site, Y is bonded to one Co and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing YCoBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. The Y–Co bond length is 2.68 Å. There are a spread of Y–Br bond distances ranging from 2.80–3.08 Å. Co is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Y atoms. There are five inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Y atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four Y atoms. In the third Br site, Br is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Y atoms. In the fourth Br site, Br is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Y atoms. In the fifth Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two Y atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2017

BrO and Inferred Bry Profiles over the Western Pacific: Relevance of Inorganic Bromine Sources and a Bry Minimum in the Aged Tropical Tropopause Layer

We report measurements of bromine monoxide (BrO) and use an observationally constrained chemical box model to infer total gas-phase inorganic bromine (Br(sub y)) over the tropical western Pacific Ocean (tWPO) during the CONTRAST field campaign (January-February 2014). The observed BrO and inferred Bry profiles peak in the marine boundary layer (MBL), suggesting the need for a bromine source from sea-salt aerosol (SSA), in addition to organic bromine (CBry ). Both profiles are found to be C-shaped with local maxima in the upper free troposphere (FT). The median tropospheric BrO vertical column density (VCD) was measured as 1.6 x 10(exp 13) molec cm(exp -2), compared to model predictions of 0.9 x 10(exp 13) molec cm(exp -2) in GEOS-Chem (CBr(sub y) but no SSA source), 0.4 x 10(exp 13) molec cm(exp -2) in CAM-Chem (CBr(sub y) and SSA), and 2.1 x 10(exp 13) molec cm(exp -2) in GEOS-Chem (CBry and SSA). Neither global model fully captures the Cshape of the Br(sun y) profile. A local Br(sub y) maximum of 3.6 ppt (2.9-4.4 ppt; 95% confidence interval, CI) is inferred between 9.5 and 13.5 km in air masses influenced by recent convective outflow. Unlike BrO, which increases from the convective tropical tropopause layer (TTL) to the aged TTL, gas-phase Br(sub y) decreases from the convective TTL to the aged TTL. Analysis of gas-phase Br(sub y) against multiple tracers (CFC-11, H2O/O3 ratio, and potential temperature) reveals a Br(sub y) minimum of 2.7 ppt (2.3-3.1 ppt; 95% CI) in the aged TTL, which agrees closely with a stratospheric injection of 2.6 +/- 0.6 ppt of inorganic Br(sub y) (estimated from CFC-11 correlations), and is remarkably insensitive to assumptions about heterogeneous chemistry. Bry increases to 6.3 ppt (5.6-7.0 ppt; 95% CI) in the stratospheric "middleworld" and 6.9 ppt (6.5-7.3 ppt; 95% CI) in the stratospheric "overworld". The local Br(sub y) minimum in the aged TTL is qualitatively (but not quantitatively) captured by CAM-Chem, and suggests a more complex partitioning of gas-phase and aerosol Br(sub y) species than previously recognized. Our data provide corroborating evidence that inorganic bromine sources (e.g., SSA-derived gas-phase Br(sub y) ) are needed to explain the gas-phase Br(sub y) budget in the upper free troposphere and TTL. They are also consistent with observations of significant bromide in Upper Troposphere-Lower Stratosphere aerosols. The total Br(sub y) budget in the TTL is currently not closed, because of the lack of concurrent quantitative measurements of gas-phase Br(sub y) species (i.e., BrO, HOBr, HBr, etc.) and aerosol bromide. Such simultaneous measurements are needed to (1) quantify SSA-derived Br(sub y) in the upper FT, (2) test Br(sub y) partitioning, and possibly explain the gas-phase Br(sub y) minimum in the aged TTL, (3) constrain heterogeneous reaction rates of bromine, and (4) account for all of the sources of Br(sub y) to the lower stratosphere.

Atmospheric Chemistry; bromine; troposphere; CONTR↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsBr3 by Materials Project

CsBr3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Br atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Br bond distances ranging from 3.69–4.29 Å. There are three inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Cs and one Br atom. The Br–Br bond length is 2.66 Å. In the second Br site, Br is bonded to four equivalent Cs and one Br atom to form distorted BrCs4Br trigonal bipyramids that share corners with six equivalent BrCs2Br2 tetrahedra, corners with eight equivalent BrCs4Br trigonal bipyramids, an edgeedge with one BrCs2Br2 tetrahedra, and edges with two equivalent BrCs4Br trigonal bipyramids. The Br–Br bond length is 2.52 Å. In the third Br site, Br is bonded to two equivalent Cs and two Br atoms to form distorted BrCs2Br2 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent BrCs2Br2 tetrahedra, corners with six equivalent BrCs4Br trigonal bipyramids, and an edgeedge with one BrCs4Br trigonal bipyramid.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cs7Cd3Br13 by Materials Project

Cs7Cd3Br13 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are eleven inequivalent Cs1+ sites. In the first Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Br1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Br bond distances ranging from 3.70–4.03 Å. In the second Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Br1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Br bond distances ranging from 3.55–3.83 Å. In the third Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Br1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Br bond distances ranging from 3.70–4.03 Å. In the fourth Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Br1- atoms. All Cs–Br bond lengths are 4.07 Å. In the fifth Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Br1- atoms. All Cs–Br bond lengths are 4.07 Å. In the sixth Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Br1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Br bond distances ranging from 3.70–4.03 Å. In the seventh Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Br1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Br bond distances ranging from 3.55–3.83 Å. In the eighth Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Br1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Br bond distances ranging from 3.70–4.03 Å. In the ninth Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Br1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–Br bond distances ranging from 3.55–3.83 Å. In the tenth Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Br1- atoms. All Cs–Br bond lengths are 4.07 Å. In the eleventh Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Br1- atoms. All Cs–Br bond lengths are 4.07 Å. There are five inequivalent Cd2+ sites. In the first Cd2+ site, Cd2+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.61 Å) and two longer (2.62 Å) Cd–Br bond lengths. In the second Cd2+ site, Cd2+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.61 Å) and two longer (2.62 Å) Cd–Br bond lengths. In the third Cd2+ site, Cd2+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.61 Å) and two longer (2.62 Å) Cd–Br bond lengths. In the fourth Cd2+ site, Cd2+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.61 Å) and two longer (2.62 Å) Cd–Br bond lengths. In the fifth Cd2+ site, Cd2+ is bonded to six Br1- atoms to form corner-sharing CdBr6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. All Cd–Br bond lengths are 2.85 Å. There are four inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to five Cs1+ and one Cd2+ atom. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded to five Cs1+ and one Cd2+ atom to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing BrCs5Cd octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–52°. In the third Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to four Cs1+ and one Cd2+ atom. In the fourth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded to four Cs1+ and two equivalent Cd2+ atoms to form BrCs4Cd2 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent BrCs4Cd2 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent BrCs5Cd octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Pb12Br7ClO8 by Materials Project

Pb12O8Br7Cl crystallizes in the monoclinic Pm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are twelve inequivalent Pb2+ sites. In the first Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent O2-, four Br1-, and one Cl1- atom. Both Pb–O bond lengths are 2.30 Å. There are a spread of Pb–Br bond distances ranging from 3.19–3.77 Å. The Pb–Cl bond length is 3.21 Å. In the second Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent O2-, three Br1-, and one Cl1- atom. Both Pb–O bond lengths are 2.30 Å. There are one shorter (3.30 Å) and two longer (3.39 Å) Pb–Br bond lengths. The Pb–Cl bond length is 3.06 Å. In the third Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent O2- and five Br1- atoms. Both Pb–O bond lengths are 2.31 Å. There are a spread of Pb–Br bond distances ranging from 3.14–3.79 Å. In the fourth Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent O2- and five Br1- atoms. Both Pb–O bond lengths are 2.31 Å. There are a spread of Pb–Br bond distances ranging from 3.14–3.83 Å. In the fifth Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- and three Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.39 Å) and two longer (2.49 Å) Pb–O bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.50 Å) and one longer (3.64 Å) Pb–Br bond lengths. In the sixth Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- and three Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.39 Å) and two longer (2.49 Å) Pb–O bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.51 Å) and one longer (3.63 Å) Pb–Br bond lengths. In the seventh Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2-, one Br1-, and two equivalent Cl1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.39 Å) and two longer (2.49 Å) Pb–O bond lengths. The Pb–Br bond length is 3.61 Å. Both Pb–Cl bond lengths are 3.48 Å. In the eighth Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- and three Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.39 Å) and two longer (2.50 Å) Pb–O bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.52 Å) and one longer (3.65 Å) Pb–Br bond lengths. In the ninth Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to two equivalent O2-, three Br1-, and one Cl1- atom. Both Pb–O bond lengths are 2.26 Å. There are one shorter (3.10 Å) and two longer (3.70 Å) Pb–Br bond lengths. The Pb–Cl bond length is 3.24 Å. In the tenth Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to two equivalent O2- and four Br1- atoms. Both Pb–O bond lengths are 2.26 Å. There are a spread of Pb–Br bond distances ranging from 3.09–3.67 Å. In the eleventh Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to two equivalent O2- and four Br1- atoms. Both Pb–O bond lengths are 2.26 Å. There are a spread of Pb–Br bond distances ranging from 3.06–3.67 Å. In the twelfth Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to two equivalent O2- and two Br1- atoms. Both Pb–O bond lengths are 2.25 Å. There are one shorter (3.08 Å) and one longer (3.34 Å) Pb–Br bond lengths. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Pb2+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OPb4 tetrahedra. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Pb2+ atoms to form distorted OPb4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent OPb4Br tetrahedra and edges with three OPb4 tetrahedra. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Pb2+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OPb4 tetrahedra. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Pb2+ and one Br1- atom to form distorted OPb4Br tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent OPb4 tetrahedra, edges with two OPb4 tetrahedra, and a faceface with one OPb4Br tetrahedra. The O–Br bond length is 3.54 Å. There are seven inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five Pb2+ atoms. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four Pb2+ atoms. In the third Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to five Pb2+ atoms. In the fourth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to five Pb2+, two equivalent O2-, one Br1-, and two equivalent Cl1- atoms. The Br–Br bond length is 3.93 Å. Both Br–Cl bond lengths are 3.90 Å. In the fifth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven Pb2+ atoms. In the sixth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven Pb2+ atoms. In the seventh Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven Pb2+ and one Br1- atom. Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to five Pb2+ and two equivalent Br1- atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Comparison of the photochemical properties of phthalocyanine and hemiporphyrazine Zn(II) complexes

In DMF (dimethylformamide) solutions containing concentrations of (NEt 4 )Br (Et = ethyl) between 0.001 and 0.05 M both zinc phthalocyanine (Pc) and hemiporphyrazine (Hp) complexes are dissolved and form species [Zn(Hp)(Br)] – , and [Zn(Pc)(Br)] – . The increase in formation of the hemiporphyrazine bromide adduct is revealed by a linear dependence of the UV–Vis absorption spectrum on the Br – concentration whereas, over the same concentration range, absorption measurements indicate the formation of the phthalocyanine bromide adduct in solution. The x-ray and molecular structure of [NEt 4 ][Zn(Pc)(Br)](H 2 O) 0.33 has been determined showing the coordination of the Br – to the metal center. Photo-induced processes of the Zn complexes were investigated with deaerated solutions in a time scale t ≥10 ns. The 355 nm flash irradiation of [Zn(Hp)(Br)] – produced transient spectra which showed a bathochromic shift of the absorption maximum from 460 nm to 440 nm and an increase of the spectrum rate of decay with increasing Br – concentrations. The initial spectrum is attributed to the (nπ*–LLCT Br→Hp )[Zn(Hp)(Br)] – excited state which reacts with H-atom donors forming a radical [Zn(Hp-H)(Br)] •– . On the other hand, a transient spectrum, λ max ~600 nm, grows in a time t ≤0.6 µs when [Zn(Pc)(Br)] – is flash irradiated at 355 nm. The photoreactions of these complexes with SCN – and 2-propanol (IPA) were studied. Despite of the apparent similarity between both complexes, IPA was photo-oxidized by both complexes although by different mechanisms, an electron transfer with [Zn(Pc)(Br)] – and an H atom abstraction with [Zn(Hp)(Br)] – . Finally, the photo-oxidation of SCN– by [Zn(Pc)(Br)] – but not by [Zn(Hp)(Br)] – makes a remarkable difference between the photochemistries of these complexes.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
NASA NTRS2014

Temporal Changes in Left Ventricular Mechanics: Impact of Bed Rest and Exercise

BACKGROUND Current techniques used to assess cardiac function following spaceflight or head-down tilt bed rest (HDTBR) involve invasive and time consuming procedures such as Swan-Ganz catheterization or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. An alternative approach, echocardiography, can monitor cardiac morphology and function via sequential measurements of left ventricular (LV) mass and ejection fraction (EF). However, LV mass and EF are insensitive measures of early (subclinical) cardiac deconditioning, and a decrease in LV mass and EF become evident only once significant deconditioning has already occurred. The use of more sensitive and specific echocardiographic techniques such as speckle tracking imaging may address the current limitations of conventional cardiac imaging techniques to provide insight into the magnitude and time course of cardiac deconditioning. METHODS Speckle tracking assessment of longitudinal, radial, and circumferential strain and twist was used to evaluate the impact of 70 days of HDTBR (n=7) and HDTBR + exercise (n=11) on temporal changes in LV mechanics. Echocardiograms were performed pre (BR-2), during (BR31, 70), and following (BR+4hr) HDTBR. Multi-level modeling was used to evaluate the effect of HDTBR condition (Control, Exercise) on cardiac variables. RESULTS Compared to BR-2, longitudinal (BR-2: - 19.0 +/- 1.8%; BR31: -15.9 +/- 2.4%; BR70: -14.9 +/- 2.4%; BR+4hr: -16.0 +/- 2.1%) and radial (BR-2: 15.0 +/- 1.9%; BR31: 12.3 +/- 2.4%; BR70: 11.3 +/- 2.2%; BR+4hr: 13.5 +/- 2.5% ) strains were significantly impaired during and following bed rest (p<0.05), while twist (BR-2: 18.0 +/- 4.0deg; BR31: 18.1 +/- 3.8deg; BR70: 17.0 +/- 3.6deg; BR+4hr:18.1 +/- 4.3deg) was significantly decreased at BR70 (p<0.05). In contrast, exercise preserved LV mechanics for longitudinal strain (BR-2: -19.1 +/- 1.5%; BR 31: -19.0 +/- 2.4%; BR70: -19.1 +/- 2.7%; BR+4hr: -17.8 +/- 2.1%), radial strain (BR-2: 13.8 +/- 2.4; BR31: 14.7 +/- 2.4; BR70: 14.4 +/- 1.6; BR+4hr: 14.4 +/- 2.4), and twist (BR-2: 17.8 +/- 3.6deg; BR31: 18.0 +/- 3.6deg; BR70: 18.2 +/- 5.9deg; BR+4hr: 18.3 +/- 4.2deg). CONCLUSIONS Speckle-tracking echocardiography provides important new insight into temporal changes in LV mechanics during disuse and exercise training.

Scott, Jessica M.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Pr2Br5 by Materials Project

Pr2Br5 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/m space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one Pr2Br5 sheet oriented in the (-1, 0, 1) direction. there are two inequivalent Pr sites. In the first Pr site, Pr is bonded to seven Br atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and edge-sharing PrBr7 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Pr–Br bond distances ranging from 3.02–3.14 Å. In the second Pr site, Pr is bonded to seven Br atoms to form distorted edge-sharing PrBr7 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Pr–Br bond distances ranging from 2.96–3.17 Å. There are five inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Pr atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent Pr atoms. In the third Br site, Br is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent Pr atoms. In the fourth Br site, Br is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Pr atoms. In the fifth Br site, Br is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Pr atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗