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DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(PO3)3 by Materials Project

Bi(PO3)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Bi3+ is bonded to seven O2- atoms to form distorted BiO7 pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with seven PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one BiO7 pentagonal bipyramid. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.27–2.81 Å. There are three inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent BiO7 pentagonal bipyramids and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent BiO7 pentagonal bipyramids and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent BiO7 pentagonal bipyramids and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.61 Å. There are nine inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Bi3+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two equivalent Bi3+ and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(PO3)4 by Materials Project

Bi(PO3)4 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Bi5+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.35–2.58 Å. There are four inequivalent P+4.75+ sites. In the first P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the second P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the third P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the fourth P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. There are twelve inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(PO3)4 by Materials Project

Bi(PO3)4 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Bi5+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.36–2.48 Å. There are two inequivalent P+4.75+ sites. In the first P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the second P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. There are six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(W2Cl5)3 by Materials Project

Bi(W2Cl5)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are six inequivalent W2+ sites. In the first W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.45–2.52 Å. In the second W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.52 Å. In the third W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.50–2.52 Å. In the fourth W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.52 Å. In the fifth W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.50–2.52 Å. In the sixth W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.49–2.51 Å. Bi3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.52–3.20 Å. There are fifteen inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the sixth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the seventh Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the eighth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ atom. In the ninth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the tenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the eleventh Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the twelfth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the thirteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the fourteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the fifteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(PO3)4 by Materials Project

Bi(PO3)4 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Bi5+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.36–2.52 Å. There are four inequivalent P+4.75+ sites. In the first P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.63 Å. In the second P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the third P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the fourth P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. There are twelve inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(Mo2Cl5)3 by Materials Project

Bi(Mo2Cl5)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are six inequivalent Mo2+ sites. In the first Mo2+ site, Mo2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing MoCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Mo–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.47–2.49 Å. In the second Mo2+ site, Mo2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing MoCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Mo–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.45–2.49 Å. In the third Mo2+ site, Mo2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing MoCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Mo–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.53 Å. In the fourth Mo2+ site, Mo2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing MoCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Mo–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.53 Å. In the fifth Mo2+ site, Mo2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing MoCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Mo–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.50 Å. In the sixth Mo2+ site, Mo2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing MoCl5 square pyramids. There are three shorter (2.48 Å) and two longer (2.49 Å) Mo–Cl bond lengths. Bi3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.52–3.19 Å. There are fifteen inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mo2+ atoms. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Mo2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mo2+ atoms. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mo2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Mo2+ atoms. In the sixth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mo2+ atoms. In the seventh Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mo2+ atoms. In the eighth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Mo2+ atoms. In the ninth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one Mo2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the tenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mo2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the eleventh Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mo2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the twelfth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mo2+ atoms. In the thirteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ atom. In the fourteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mo2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the fifteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mo2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(PO3)4 by Materials Project

Bi(PO3)4 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Bi5+ is bonded to seven O2- atoms to form distorted BiO7 pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with seven PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.31–2.57 Å. There are four inequivalent P+4.75+ sites. In the first P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent BiO7 pentagonal bipyramids and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the second P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent BiO7 pentagonal bipyramids and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.64 Å. In the third P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one BiO7 pentagonal bipyramid and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the fourth P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent BiO7 pentagonal bipyramids and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.63 Å. There are twelve inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P+4.75+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(PO3)4 by Materials Project

Bi(PO3)4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbcn space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Bi5+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form BiO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.38 Å. There are two inequivalent P+4.75+ sites. In the first P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent BiO6 octahedra and corners with two equivalent PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 49–51°. There is two shorter (1.52 Å) and two longer (1.59 Å) P–O bond length. In the second P+4.75+ site, P+4.75+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one BiO6 octahedra and corners with two equivalent PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 44°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.63 Å. There are six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P+4.75+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P+4.75+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Bi5+ and one P+4.75+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(WBr3)3 by Materials Project

Bi(WBr3)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent W2+ sites. In the first W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Br1- atoms to form WBr5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one BiBr6 octahedra and edges with four WBr5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 50°. There are a spread of W–Br bond distances ranging from 2.62–2.68 Å. In the second W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Br1- atoms to form WBr5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one BiBr6 octahedra and edges with four WBr5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 43°. There are one shorter (2.64 Å) and four longer (2.65 Å) W–Br bond lengths. In the third W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Br1- atoms to form WBr5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one BiBr6 octahedra and edges with four WBr5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 58°. There are a spread of W–Br bond distances ranging from 2.63–2.68 Å. Bi3+ is bonded to six Br1- atoms to form distorted BiBr6 octahedra that share corners with three WBr5 square pyramids and an edgeedge with one BiBr6 octahedra. There are a spread of Bi–Br bond distances ranging from 2.66–3.28 Å. There are nine inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the third Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the fourth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to two equivalent Bi3+ atoms. In the fifth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the sixth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ atom. In the seventh Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the eighth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the ninth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi(W2Cl5)3 by Materials Project

Bi(W2Cl5)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are six inequivalent W2+ sites. In the first W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.50–2.55 Å. In the second W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form WCl5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one BiCl6 octahedra and edges with four WCl5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 56°. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.52 Å. In the third W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form WCl5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one BiCl6 octahedra and edges with four WCl5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 31°. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.44–2.52 Å. In the fourth W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form WCl5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one BiCl6 octahedra and edges with four WCl5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 59°. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.45–2.52 Å. In the fifth W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form WCl5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one BiCl6 octahedra and edges with four WCl5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 50°. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.49–2.52 Å. In the sixth W2+ site, W2+ is bonded to five Cl1- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of W–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.50–2.56 Å. Bi3+ is bonded to six Cl1- atoms to form BiCl6 octahedra that share corners with four WCl5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Bi–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.49–3.18 Å. There are fifteen inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Bi3+ atom. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the sixth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the seventh Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the eighth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the ninth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the tenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three W2+ atoms. In the eleventh Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two W2+ atoms. In the twelfth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the thirteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the fourteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the fifteenth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one W2+ and one Bi3+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Efficient Screening of Bi–Metallic Electrocatalysts for Glycerol Valorization

Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel production and, as such, it is of limited economic value. By means of electrooxidation, glycerol can be used as a feedstock for scalable hydrogen production, in addition to conversion to value-added products. The development of novel and efficient catalytic electrode materials for the anodic side of the reaction is a key towards a hydrogen-based energy economy. In the present study, a computational screening protocol combining DFT, scaling relations, and microkinetic modeling allows for a rational selection of novel catalysts that can deliver efficient glycerol electrooxidation, low cost of production, and environmental sustainability. Activity and chemical selectivity towards hydrogen production on pure metal catalysts is discussed in terms of volcano-shaped plots. We find that the selectivity in the glycerol oxidation reaction is influenced by a different energy landscape when in the presence of water and best classified by a comparison of O—H and C—H bond-breaking barriers. In addition, we screened 3570 bi-metallic catalysts in the AB (L1 0 ) and A 3 B (L1 2 ) ordered structures for activity, stability, price, and toxicity. By filtering based on the criteria for toxicity, resistance to oxidation, miscibility, and price, we have identified 5 L1 0 structured catalysts (AgPd, AuPd, PtSb, CuPt, and AgPt) and 20 L1 2 catalysts (Ga 3 Ta, In 3 Ta, Ir 3 W, Ir 3 Mo, Cu 3 Pt, Ir 3 Ta, Ir 3 Re, Pd 3 Bi, Pd 3 Cu, Pd 3 W, Pd 3 Co, Pd 3 Sn, Pd 3 Mo, Pd 3 Ag, Pd 3 Ga, Pd 3 Ta, Au 3 Ru, Pd 3 In, Au 3 Ir, and Pd 3 Au) that are all predicted to show high activity. We also identify an additional 37 L1 0 and 92 L1 2 structured electrocatalysts with an anticipated medium-high activity.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2026

Analysis and Overview of Hybrid Wired and Wireless Bi-Directional EV Charger Systems

Here, this paper analyzes and overviews hybrid wired and wireless bi-directional Electric Vehicle (EV) charging systems with a primary focus on resonant compensation methods that enable a unified power conversion architecture. Four compensation configurations based on series–series and LCC–LCC resonant networks are systematically evaluated for both wired transformer-based and wireless coupler-based operation. The analysis examines how coupling conditions, resonant component selection, and auxiliary compensation tuning influence voltage gain characteristics, resonant tank current magnitude and phase, and operating frequency requirements. Normalized frequency-domain results are presented to directly compare reactive current behavior and voltage regulation capability under wired and wireless operating conditions. A 60 kW bi-directional charger case study is used to demonstrate the feasibility of retaining a common hardware platform while accommodating distinct coupling scenarios through compensation tuning rather than structural modification. The presented results provide design-oriented insights into resonant network selection and compensation strategies for scalable and flexible hybrid EV charging systems.

Hybrid↗
DOE OSTI2021

Development of Multi-Filament Textured-Powder Bi-2212/Ag Wire With Enhanced Local Area Ratio

The performance and cost of Bi-2212/Ag wire is limited by the large fraction of Ag matrix (~3:1) that is required in the oxide-powder-in-tube fabrication process. An alternative fabrication process is being developed in which fine-powder Bi-2212 is uniaxially compressed to form bars with a thin Ag foil sheath. The fine powder naturally textures (aligns the a-b planes perpendicular to the direction of compaction) with texture >80% using 200 MPa compression. A billet is formed by stacking trapezoidal- cross-section bars in a symmetric 8-12-16 pattern around an Ag rod and enclosed in an Ag-wall extrusion can. Here, the billet is extruded and drawn to fine wire. Results are presented on present status of the development and testing.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Flux Creep in a Bi-2212 Rutherford Cable for Particle Accelerator Applications

Bi-2212 superconducting cables are being considered for use in the high field magnets needed for the next generation of particle accelerators. Magnetization in these cables and the decay of that magnetization lead to field error and field-error drift, respectively, which need to be compensated. To study this, a segment of the winding pack was extracted from a racetrack coil made from Bi-2212 Rutherford cable. Using a Hall probe measurement technique, we measured the response of the cable's magnetization and its magnetization decay to changes in the applied magnetic field. The effect of adjustments to the cycling of the magnetic field was studied, intended to simulate the preinjection cycles of an accelerator magnet. Three M vs. H loops were constructed by sweeping the magnetic field applied to the sample from 0 to 2.5 T, then to a preinjection field 'x' (where x = 0, 0.25, 0.75 T), and finally up to 1 T. The applied field was then held at 1 T for 1500 s, and the magnetization decay was measured. Finally, the decay was found to vary from 8% to 14% after 1500 s, depending on the preinjection field cycle.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2024

Effects of Rolling Reduction on Critical Current Density and Microstructure of Bi-2212 Wires

Bi-2212 Rutherford cables have been fabricated into flat racetrack coils and canted-cosine-theta dipole magnets. The performance gap between the magnets made with Rutherford cables and the “short-sample-limit” is about 30%. To better understand the influence of Rutherford cable processing on the strand performance, we studied three Bi-2212 wires with filament architectures of 37 × 18 and 55 × 18 and diameters of 0.8 and 1.0 mm. To simulate the deformation caused by cabling process, the three wires were rolled with thickness reductions ranging from 10% to 30%. The aspect ratios of rolled strands are between 1.29 and 2.05. The low aspect-ratio wire is also an interesting form for fabricating solenoid coils with higher packing density. The round and rolled strands were heat-treated under 50 bar and with maximum heat treatment temperatures of 885.5 °C and 890.5 °C. The rolling deformation reduced filament size uniformity, resulting in filament merging in fully heat-treated wires. It was found that rolling reduction reduced wire critical current density (JE) by 16 to 18%, but the JE decrease saturated at 15 to 20% of the thickness reduction. It is believed that the reduced JE results from the filament merging caused by rolling and non-uniform shrinking during overpressure heat treatment.

Bi-2212 wire↗
DOE OSTI2022

Bi-metallic Nanoparticle Synthesis for Advanced Manufactured Melt Wires

Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) Program Report: Additive manufacturing (AM) based on direct-write technologies has emerged as the predominant method for the fabrication of passive sensors for the harsh operating environments seen in a nuclear reactor. Through the modification of previous methods, Idaho National Laboratory and Villanova University have improved the synthesis process for AM feedstock, which will allow for the improvement of advanced nuclear sensors and instrumentation. A major part of this work includes the synthesis process of relevant AM compatible feedstock to support the development, fabrication, and testing of AM sensors for peak temperature detection. For this report, bismuth, bismuth/platinum, tin, tin/silver, tin/zinc, indium, and indium/silver bi-metallic nanoparticles were synthesized using the polyol method, which will enhance temperature sensitivity and allow for miniaturization. To characterize the synthesized nanoparticles, we used x-ray fluorescence to evaluate the elemental composition of the nanoparticles and differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis to determine the melting point and mass loss of the samples. Results show that bi-metallic nanoparticles are a viable option for the fabrication of high-resolution AM melt wires. The temperature sensitivity can be brought to within 5°C and melt wires can be fabricated that are in the micrometer scale. This will expand the range of irradiation experiments melt wires can be used for and the measured temperature will be significantly more accurate.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2026

Incommensurate Antiferromagnetic Order in the Fe-substituted Bi-2201 Cuprate in the Heavily Overdoped Regime

Elastic neutron scattering experiments showed incommensurate antiferromagnetic peaks in 5% Fe-substituted Bi-2201 cuprate in the non-superconducting heavily overdoped regime. Here, the incommensurability δ ∼ 0.21 is comparable to that observed in Fe-substituted Bi-2201 in the overdoped regime. [Hiraka et al., Phys. Rev. B 81, 144501 (2010).] The magnetic correlation length is comparable between the overdoped and non-superconducting heavily overdoped regimes. It is plausible that incommensurate antiferromagnetic order is induced and stabilized by Fe in the heavily overdoped regime, which suggests a robust antiferromagnetic correlation beyond the superconducting dome in the phase diagram.

Bi-2201↗
DOE OSTI2023

Long‐Life Lithium‐Metal Batteries with an Ultra‐High‐Nickel Cathode and Electrolytes with Bi‐Anion Activity

Abstract Anion chemistry in electrolytes can greatly dictate the nature and quality of passivation layers on both cathode and anode surfaces. This will be more significant when it comes to highly reactive Li‐metal anode and aggressive high‐nickel cathodes. Herein, a competitive bi‐anion activity is found in electrolytes with the co‐existence of two anions, which leads to a controlled Li‐salt decomposition kinetics and entirely favorable interphasial chemistry on both Li‐metal anode and ultrahigh‐nickel cathode. The proposed bi‐anion localized high‐concentration electrolytes are demonstrated to exhibit superior electrochemical compatibility toward Li metal and long‐term cycling stabilities under both 4.4 and 4.6 V in Li‐metal batteries with ultrahigh‐nickel cathode. This study sheds fresh light on dendrite‐free Li‐metal anodes and provides guidance to achieve high‐energy‐density batteries.

Chemistry↗