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All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2024

LivChat.....So Far

This presentation provides an overview of LivChat, a managed ChatGPT service developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy. The initiative was driven by a high demand for generative AI services, the need for enhanced security, and the goal of increasing productivity across various use cases. The development journey involved exploring open-source models and iterating with OpenAI/Azure solutions. The presentation delves into the architecture of LivChat, highlighting its user interface (UI) and backend components. The backend is designed to be separate, RESTful, integrative, and scalable, ensuring robust performance and adaptability. Despite the advanced technology, the presentation emphasizes that LivChat is not a magical solution but a sophisticated tool that requires realistic expectations. Looking ahead, the presentation outlines future directions for LivChat, including training, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), and innovative ingestion methods. These advancements aim to further enhance the capabilities and applications of LivChat, ensuring it remains at the forefront of generative AI services.

Computer science↗

DOE OSTI2021

Real Time - Optimal Power Flow Based Distributed Energy Resources Management System (DERMS) (CRADA Number CRD-20-16909 Final Report)

The integration of behind-the-meter distributed energy resources (DERs) into distribution systems brings transformative changes to power systems. This requires operators and planners to find solutions to modernize electric grids and to effectively manage DERs for grid services. NREL developed novel DER management algorithms (referred to as Real-Time Optimal Power Flow, RT-OPF) through U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)-funded efforts, including Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy (ARPA-E) Network Optimized Distributed Energy Systems (NODES) funding. This cutting-edge control technology aims to modernize distribution systems with large amounts of DER integration, which will help utilities solve issues brought by renewable integration and build resilient and renewable-based electric grids nationwide. Utilidata worked with NREL to investigate the commercialization opportunity of this RT-OPF-based distributed energy resource management system (DERMS). In this project, NREL performs the technology transfer of the RT-OPF to Utilidata to help them fully understand the RT-OPF solution, to identify potential engineering hurdles, and to assess the expected commercial value of various RT-OPF use cases and deployment. The technology transfer work includes two major tasks. First, NREL performs an in-depth knowledge transfer of the entire RT-OPF solution to Utilidata to help them gain an extensive and detailed understanding of the complete RT-OPF solution. In this task, NREL provides exhaustive information (e.g., documentation, code packages, laboratory and field trial data, performance results) while conducting in-depth training sessions to provide a thorough explanation of the entire solution. NREL hosts meetings to present different topics related to the RT-OPF solution, and question-and-answer sessions are included in each meeting to better explain the RT-OPF-related work. Second, the RT-OPF simulations are performed in a laboratory environment. The main objectives of this task are to walk through with Utilidata engineers how to set up a simulation of RT-OPF, identifying each RT-OPF code block/component in operation, learning how these components interact with each other, and eventually running RT-OPF simulations under various system conditions. This task helps Utilidata engineers understand performance limitations and constraints while also quantifying the commercial value of the RT-OPF for different use cases. Based on these two tasks, Utilidata engineers should be able to define and prioritize the next steps of RT-OPF implementation with an eye toward commercial success and scalability of the solution. The next steps are expected to be part of a new project following the conclusion of this project.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗

DOE OSTI2020

An Integrated Indexing and Search Service for Distributed File Systems

Data services such as search, discovery, and management in scalable distributed environments have traditionally been decoupled from the underlying file systems, and are often deployed using external databases and indexing services. However, modern data production rates, looming data movement costs, and the lack of metadata, entail revisiting the decoupled file system-data services design philosophy. In this article, we present TagIt, a scalable data management service framework aimed at scientific datasets, which can be integrated into prevalent distributed file system architectures. A key feature of TagIt is a scalable, distributed metadata indexing framework, which facilitates a flexible tagging capability to support data discovery. Furthermore, the tags can also be associated with an active operator, for pre-processing, filtering, or automatic metadata extraction, which we seamlessly offload to file servers in a load-aware fashion. We have integrated TagIt into two popular distributed file systems, i.e., GlusterFS and CephFS. Our evaluation demonstrates that TagIt can expedite data search operation by up to 10× over the extant decoupled approach.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2022

DYnamic and Asynchronous Data Streamliner

DYAD aims to help sharing data files between producer and consumer job elements, especially between co-scheduled jobs or within an ensemble. DYAD provides the service by two components: a FLUX module and a I/O wraper set. DYAD transparently synchronizes file I/O between producer and consumer, and transfers data from the producer location to the consumer location managed by the service. Users only need to use the file path that is under the directory managed by the service.

Ahn, DongH↗

DOE OSTI2022

Prairie Strips and Lower Land Use Intensity Increase Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

Agricultural landscapes can be managed to protect biodiversity and maintain ecosystem services. One approach to achieve this is to restore native perennial vegetation within croplands. Where rowcrops have displaced prairie, as in the US Midwest, restoration of native perennial vegetation can align with crops in so called “prairie strips.” We tested the effect of prairie strips in addition to other management practices on a variety of taxa and on a suite of ecosystem services. To do so, we worked within a 33-year-old experiment that included treatments that varied methods of agricultural management across a gradient of land use intensity. In the two lowest intensity crop management treatments, we introduced prairie strips that occupied 5% of crop area. We addressed three questions: (1) What are the effects of newly established prairie strips on the spillover of biodiversity and ecosystem services into cropland? (2) How does time since prairie strip establishment affect biodiversity and ecosystem services? (3) What are the tradeoffs and synergies among biodiversity conservation, non-provisioning ecosystem services, and provisioning ecosystem services (crop yield) across a land use intensity gradient (which includes prairie strips)? Within prairie strip treatments, where sampling effort occurred within and at increasing distance from strips, dung beetle abundance, spider abundance and richness, active carbon, decomposition, and pollination decreased with distance from prairie strips, and this effect increased between the first and second year. Across the entire land use intensity gradient, treatments with prairie strips and reduced chemical inputs had higher butterfly abundance, spider abundance, and pollination services. In addition, soil organic carbon, butterfly richness, and spider richness increased with a decrease in land use intensity. Crop yield in one treatment with prairie strips was equal to that of the highest intensity management, even while including the area taken out of production. We found no effects of strips on ant biodiversity and greenhouse gas emissions (N 2 O and CH 4 ). Our results show that, even in early establishment, prairie strips and lower land use intensity can contribute to the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services without a disproportionate loss of crop yield.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2022

kemmerl4/LTER_prairie_strip_2019-2020: Data for: Prairie strips and lower land use intensity increase biodiversity and ecosystem services

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

NASA NTRS2012

The Virtual Climate Data Server (vCDS): An iRODS-Based Data Management Software Appliance Supporting Climate Data Services and Virtualization-as-a-Service in the NASA Center for Climate Simulation

Scientific data services are becoming an important part of the NASA Center for Climate Simulation's mission. Our technological response to this expanding role is built around the concept of a Virtual Climate Data Server (vCDS), repetitive provisioning, image-based deployment and distribution, and virtualization-as-a-service. The vCDS is an iRODS-based data server specialized to the needs of a particular data-centric application. We use RPM scripts to build vCDS images in our local computing environment, our local Virtual Machine Environment, NASA s Nebula Cloud Services, and Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud. Once provisioned into one or more of these virtualized resource classes, vCDSs can use iRODS s federation capabilities to create an integrated ecosystem of managed collections that is scalable and adaptable to changing resource requirements. This approach enables platform- or software-asa- service deployment of vCDS and allows the NCCS to offer virtualization-as-a-service: a capacity to respond in an agile way to new customer requests for data services.

Schnase, John L.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Land-mobile satellite communication system

A satellite communications system includes an orbiting communications satellite for relaying communications to and from a plurality of ground stations, and a network management center for making connections via the satellite between the ground stations in response to connection requests received via the satellite from the ground stations, the network management center being configured to provide both open-end service and closed-end service. The network management center of one embodiment is configured to provides both types of service according to a predefined channel access protocol that enables the ground stations to request the type of service desired. The channel access protocol may be configured to adaptively allocate channels to open-end service and closed-end service according to changes in the traffic pattern and include a free-access tree algorithm that coordinates collision resolution among the ground stations.

Yan, Tsun-Yee↗

NASA NTRS2019

Thermal & Fluids Analysis and the NASA Launch Services Program

This presentation provides the What, Where, Why, and How of the thermal and fluids analysis disciplines within the Launch Services Program (LSP). The LSP manages all commercial launch services to match NASA science mission payloads to the appropriate launch system. The Flight Analysis Division within the LSP provides multi disciplinary analysis support of these flight systems to characterize payload and launch vehicle environments from payload mate to upper stage through on orbit separation. The Thermal Analysis and Fluids Analysis teams are two distinct groups within the Flight Analysis Division of the LSP who cover a wide array of standard and non standard analytical tasks. These teams offer a significant benefit to both the payload design and integration team and the launch vehicle supplier. These benefits, along with the tools and methods are described in this talk to inform engineers and analysts from both sides of the launch system interface how the LSP Thermal and Fluids Analysis teams can benefit the success of their mission.

Fortenberry, Cindy↗

NASA NTRS1990

Enhancing orbital servicing operations: Providing positive and effective management of spare and installed hardware - A case study of the Hubble Space Telescope

The Satellite Resources Management and Tracking System was developed specifically for the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) program, and now, NASA has the ability to immediately access the necessary data for planning successful orbital satellite servicing operations. This system is an online, real-time data base system that contains a plethora of data on each item identified to support the HST throughout its planned 15 year life. Some of the information provided includes the current status, location, quantity, and history of each asset, a separate record for each discrete serial numbered item, procurement lead times on items sensitive to technology obsolescence, and the maintenance and repair history of each asset. Finally, details are provided on organizational, operational and logistics requirements.

Randolph, Joseph L.↗

DOE OSTI2021

Energy Management Information System Powers NREL's Intelligent Campus

NREL's Intelligent Campus program leverages its own laboratory buildings as research instruments to study renewable energy, energy efficiency, and energy storage, integration, and analysis with real, quantitative measurements. At the heart of NREL's Intelligent Campus program is its Energy Management Information System (EMIS), a family of tools and services used to manage building and campus energy use. NREL's EMIS includes capabilities, such as benchmarking and monthly utility tracking, interval meter analytics, equipment fault detection and diagnostics, condition-based monitoring, and supervisory control, enabling unprecedented energy management capabilities. The system serves as a demonstration project for other federal facilities interested in learning about its design, features, and benefits.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

DOE OSTI2021

Energy Management Information System Powers NREL's Intelligent Campus

EMIS↗

NASA NTRS2004

JDD, Inc. Database

JDD Inc, is a maintenance and custodial contracting company whose mission is to provide their clients in the private and government sectors "quality construction, construction management and cleaning services in the most efficient and cost effective manners, (JDD, Inc. Mission Statement)." This company provides facilities support for Fort Riley in Fo,rt Riley, Kansas and the NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field here in Cleveland, Ohio. JDD, Inc. is owned and operated by James Vaughn, who started as painter at NASA Glenn and has been working here for the past seventeen years. This summer I worked under Devan Anderson, who is the safety manager for JDD Inc. in the Logistics and Technical Information Division at Glenn Research Center The LTID provides all transportation, secretarial, security needs and contract management of these various services for the center. As a safety manager, my mentor provides Occupational Health and Safety Occupation (OSHA) compliance to all JDD, Inc. employees and handles all other issues (Environmental Protection Agency issues, workers compensation, safety and health training) involving to job safety. My summer assignment was not as considered "groundbreaking research" like many other summer interns have done in the past, but it is just as important and beneficial to JDD, Inc. I initially created a database using a Microsoft Excel program to classify and categorize data pertaining to numerous safety training certification courses instructed by our safety manager during the course of the fiscal year. This early portion of the database consisted of only data (training field index, employees who were present at these training courses and who was absent) from the training certification courses. Once I completed this phase of the database, I decided to expand the database and add as many dimensions to it as possible. Throughout the last seven weeks, I have been compiling more data from day to day operations and been adding the information to the database. It now consists of seven different categories of data (carpet cleaning, forms, NASA Event Schedules, training certifications, wall and vent cleaning, work schedules, and miscellaneous) . I also did some field inspecting with the supervisors around the site and was present at all of the training certification courses that have been scheduled since June 2004. My future outlook for the JDD, Inc. database is to have all of company s information from future contract proposals, weekly inventory, to employee timesheets all in this same database.

Miller, David A., Jr.↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Upper E Traffic Management

This is a slide set as part of a meeting series with members of a working group aimed at the development of a concept that addresses needs and gaps in the management of high altitude airspace operations. This concept leverages elements developed through the UAS Traffic Management project with respect to a coopertive, service-based approach that provides services and capabilities in areas (e.g., Upper E airspace) that currently receive no or limited service from Air Traffic Control. This concept is meant to provide a safe, fair, and scalable approach to management of Upper E operations that reduces the burden on ATC while providing the flexibility and access desired by current and new users of the airspace. This set of slides includes an overview of discussions and industry news covering the time since the previous group meeting, a presentation on initial work titled 'Sensitivity Study of Minimum Reserved Airspace in ETM Operations,' and a high level discussion titled 'Separation Management Service Framework for ETM.'

Upper E↗

NASA NTRS2016

Managing a Safe and Successful Multi-User Spaceport

Encouraged by the creation of the Office of Commercial Space Transportation within the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in 1984 and the Commercial Space Act of 1998, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) now relies on an extensive network of support from commercial companies and organizations. At NASA's Kennedy Space Center (KSC), this collaboration opens competitive opportunities for launch providers, including repurposing underutilized Shuttle Program resources, constructing new facilities, and utilizing center services and laboratories. The resulting multi-user spaceport fosters diverse activity, though it engenders risk from hazards associated with various spaceflight processing activities. The KSC Safety & Mission Assurance (S&MA) Directorate, in coordination with the center's Spaceport Integration and Center Planning & Development organizations, has developed a novel approach to protect NASA's workforce, critical assets, and the public from hazardous, space-related activity associated with KSC's multi-user spaceport. For NASA KSC S&MA, the transformation to a multi-user spaceport required implementing methods to foster safe and successful commercial activity while resolving challenges involving: Retirement of the Space Shuttle program; Co-location of multiple NASA programs; Relationships between the NASA programs; Complex relationships between NASA programs and commercial partner operations in exclusive-use facilities; Complex relationships between NASA programs and commercial partner operations in shared-use facilities. NASA KSC S&MA challenges were met with long-term planning and solutions involving cooperation with the Spaceport Integration and Services Directorate. This directorate is responsible for managing active commercial partnerships with customer advocacy and services management, providing a dedicated and consistent level of support to a wide array of commercial operations. This paper explores these solutions, their relevance to the current commercial space industry, and the challenges that continue to drive improvement with a focus on areas of safety management and risk assessment that have been crucial in KSC's evolution into a multi-user spaceport. These solutions may be useful to government entities and private companies looking to partner with the commercial space industry.

Range↗

NASA NTRS2017

Mars 2020 Model Based Systems Engineering Pilot

The pilot study is led by the Integration Engineering group in NASA's Launch Services Program (LSP). The Integration Engineering (IE) group is responsible for managing the interfaces between the spacecraft and launch vehicle. This pilot investigates the utility of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) with respect to managing and verifying interface requirements. The main objectives of the pilot are to model several key aspects of the Mars 2020 integrated operations and interface requirements based on the design and verification artifacts from Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) and to demonstrate how MBSE could be used by LSP to gain further insight on the interface between the spacecraft and launch vehicle as well as to enhance how LSP manages the launch service. The method used to accomplish this pilot started through familiarization of SysML, MagicDraw, and the Mars 2020 and MSL systems through books, tutorials, and NASA documentation. MSL was chosen as the focus of the model since its processes and verifications translate easily to the Mars 2020 mission. The study was further focused by modeling specialized systems and processes within MSL in order to demonstrate the utility of MBSE for the rest of the mission. The systems chosen were the In-Flight Disconnect (IFD) system and the Mass Properties process. The IFD was chosen as a system of focus since it is an interface between the spacecraft and launch vehicle which can demonstrate the usefulness of MBSE from a system perspective. The Mass Properties process was chosen as a process of focus since the verifications for mass properties occur throughout the lifecycle and can demonstrate the usefulness of MBSE from a multi-discipline perspective. Several iterations of both perspectives have been modeled and evaluated. While the pilot study will continue for another 2 weeks, pros and cons of using MBSE for LSP IE have been identified. A pro of using MBSE includes an integrated view of the disciplines, requirements, and verifications leading up to launch. The model allows IE to understand the relationships between disciplines throughout test activities and verifications. Additionally, the relationships between disciplines and integration tasks are generally consistent. The model allows for the generic relationships and tasks to be captured and used throughout multiple mission models should LSP further pursue MBSE. A con of MBSE is the amount of time it takes upfront to understand MBSE and create a useful model. The upfront time it takes to create a useful model is heavily discussed in MBSE literature and is a consistent con throughout the known applications of MBSE. The need to understand SysML and the software chosen also poses the possibility of a "bottleneck" or one person being the sole MBSE user for the working group. The utility of MBSE will continue to be evaluated through the remainder of the study. In conclusion, the original objectives of the pilot study were to use artifacts from MSL to model key aspects of Mars 2020 and demonstrate how MBSE could be used by LSP to gain insight into the spacecraft and launch vehicle interfaces. Progress has been made in modeling and identifying the utility of MBSE to LSP IE and will continue to be made until the pilot study's conclusion in mid-August. The results of this study will produce initial models, modeling instructions and examples, and a summary of MBSE's utility for future use by LSP.

Dukes, Alexandra Marie↗

DOE OSTI2023

The Empirical Effect of Fleet Optimization on Synchronization and Rebound Effects in Heat Pump Water Heaters

Demand response is a growing concept in light of the internet of things and an increasing need for grid flexibility. Water heaters are one of the preferred devices for providing demand response for grid services and peak management due to their capability to store energy. The efficient use of water heaters for demand response requires consideration of the associated load effects such as synchronization of device schedules and rebound effect. These effects present a significant challenge. Despite the importance of the mentioned effects for water heater queuing and scheduling, there has been no effort to quantify and empirically validate their impact. This study attempts to address this gap by offering two methods - Ward clustering and Euclidean K-means - to evaluate the extent of synchronization in a fleet of 42 water heaters in Atlanta, GA. Using the aforementioned methods on the measured data, we find evidence of convergence of water heater loads as a result of optimization compared to an idle period and analyzed their impact.

demand response↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

DIP for Service Providers

The second DIP workshop’s topic is DIP for Service Providers. The workshop presentation covers topics such as DIP onboarding process, service authentication, catalog service capabilities, API requirements, NASA services and their access points, and data requirements for service providers. The Onboarding Process describes the required documentation that enables to collaborate with NASA as well as other industry partners through DIP. Also, step by step approach for the partner to take to register services or consme services through the DIP platform. The Catalog Service describes the different ways for the users to search for services that are of interest as well as registering services to the platform, so other users can search and discover. The API Requirements and Service Specifications describes the benefits of DIP's API management approach via API Gateway where services are managed centrally but ownership is decentralized and partners completely own the administration of their own services. NASA Services and Data Access Points topic describes the services, both data access service and machine learning prediction service, that NASA provides via the DIP platform in near time and post operations via REST API endpoints defined on the API Gateway. Also, NASA's approach for data storage process is explained. The Data Requirements for service providers describes the requirements for storing and exposing to support the performance of services that are provided by the service providers. Lastly, NASA's technology development plan with preliminary scheduler will be presented. There will be a Q&A session at the end of each segment of the presentation to solicit feedback from the participants.

ATM-X↗