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DOE OSTI2016

Poster - 09: A MATLAB-based Program for Automated Quality Assurance of a Prostate Brachytherapy Ultrasound System

Purpose: A robust Quality Assurance (QA) program is essential for prostate brachytherapy ultrasound systems due to the importance of imaging accuracy during treatment and planning. Task Group 128 of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine has recommended a set of QA tests covering grayscale visibility, depth of penetration, axial and lateral resolution, distance measurement, area measurement, volume measurement, and template/electronic grid alignment. Making manual measurements on the ultrasound system can be slow and inaccurate, so a MATLAB program was developed for automation of the described tests. Methods: Test images were acquired using a BK Medical Flex Focus 400 ultrasound scanner and 8848 transducer with the CIRS Brachytherapy QA Phantom – Model 045A. For each test, the program automatically segments the inputted image(s), makes the appropriate measurements, and indicates if the test passed or failed. The program was tested by analyzing two sets of images, where the measurements from the first set were used as baseline values. Results: The program successfully analyzed the images for each test and determined if any action limits were exceeded. All tests passed – the measurements made by the program were consistent and met the requirements outlined by Task Group 128. Conclusions: The MATLAB program we have developed can be used for automated QA of an ultrasound system for prostate brachytherapy. The GUI provides a user-friendly way to analyze images without the need for any manual measurement, potentially removing intra- and inter-user variability for more consistent results.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2014

Report on INT Program 14-3. Heavy Flavor and Electromagnetic Probes

The Institute for Nuclear Theory program, Heavy Flavor and Electromagnetic Probes in Heavy-Ion Collisions (INT 14-3), was held 15 September to 10 October 2014. In addition to the four organizers: Ramona Vogt (LLNL and UC Davis), Peter Petreczky (BNL), Anthony Frawley (Florida State), and Enrico Scomparin (INFN Torino), the program was attended by 34 other participants spread out over the four week period. Almost all participants were recognized experts in the field and were invited to take part. Eight of the participants were postdocs and five were women. There are two main thrusts to the study of heavy quarks and quarkonia in heavy-ion physics: “hot matter” (effects specific to the high temperature medium produced in heavy-ion or nucleus-nucleus collisions) and “cold nuclear matter” (effects that are present already in proton-nucleus collisions and are a baseline against which hot matter effects must be compared) as well as production of the heavy quarks and quarkonium (bound states of heavy quark-antiquark pairs) in perturbative QCD. Unfortunately, due to last minute cancellations the topic of electromagnetic probes was underrep- resented. While some of these involved unforeseen personal issues, others were related to the QCD town meeting that coincided with the first week of the program and to the beginning of classes at some universities. The program was structured so that the first two weeks were generally devoted to hot matter, especially lattice QCD. The second half was devoted to issues related to production and cold matter effects. An intense 2.5 day workshop, from 29 September to 1 October, with participants from both areas, bridged the two halves of the program. Aside from the workshop days, the program consisted of one to two talks of at least an hour in the morn- ing with time in the afternoon available for work, group discussion, and/or smaller collaborative discussions. Although a theory program, experimentalists attended throughout, giving talks on recent data and future facilities.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Center for Theoretical Underground Physics and Related Areas – CETUP*2016 Summer Program

For last six years Center for Theoretical Underground Physics and Related Areas (CETUP*) successfully provided a stimulating environment for creative thinking and open communication between researches of varying ages and nationalities in dynamic atmosphere of intense scientific interactions. Ongoing and proposed Neutrino and Dark Matter experiments are expected to unveil the answers to fundamental questions about the Universe. CETUP*2016 was focused exactly on these subjects bringing together experts in dark matter, neutrino physics, particle and nuclear physics, astrophysics and cosmology from around the world. Scientists invited to participate in the program not only provided theoretical support to the underground science, but they also examined core questions including: What is the nature of dark matter?, What is the origin of the neutrino masses?, How well do we know the neutrino parameters?, How have neutrinos shaped the evolution of the universe?, , What are the fundamental underlying symmetries of the Universe? Is there a Grand Unified Theory of the Universe? and many others. The 2016 CETUP* summer program consisted of three sessions (June 6 – July 16, 2016) covering various aspects of theoretical and experimental neutrino physics, unification and dark matter. The two week long session on Physics and Instrumentation of the Near Detector for the Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiments (June 6 – June 16) was followed by the two week long Neutrino Physics/Unification session: “From Grand Unification to String Theory and Back” (June 20 – July 2). The program ended with two week long session on Dark Matter Physics (July 4 – July 16). This six-week long program allowed for thorough discussions and an effective and comprehensive analysis of topics related to Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Neutrino Physics including astrophysical neutrinos, near and far detector physics, neutrino interactions, Higgs Boson, Inflation, Leptogenesis and many others that will advance the knowledge in particle and nuclear physics, astrophysics and cosmology. The scientific program usually consisted of 2-3 hour-long talks on selected subjects in dark matter and neutrino physics from both theoretical and experimental perspective and followed by extended in depth discussions. The format of the program accommodated separate discussion sessions where the outstanding issues of the disciplines were explored, for example: The Future of Large Physics Projects in the US, and the Role of Theory in the Future of US Physics. 2016 CETUP* summer program was attended by over 70 national and international scientists (including 17 graduate students, 16 postdocs and 39 senior scientists) from over 48 different universities and laboratories. CETUP* participants were very active senior and junior members of the community in order to make the discussions informative and productive. CETUP* 2016 provided a stimulating venue for the exchange of scientific ideas among experts in dark matter, neutrino physics, particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. During Dark Matter session thirty-seven scientific talks and extended discussions were presented. Twenty-nine talks and discussions were conducted during the Neutrino Physics sessions by international Neutrino Physics experts. The power point presentations for the talks and discussions can be found on the CETUP* website: http://research.dsu.edu/cetup/agenda.aspx. Based on the collaborations established during CETUP* already ten preprints were published and many more are in preparation: https://research.dsu.edu/cetup/preprints.aspx?cetupYear=2016. The proceedings from CETUP*2016 are in preparation to be published by American Institute of Physics in summer 2017. Multiple outreach efforts aimed to share the excitement of the research with K-12, teachers, undergraduate and graduate students as well as the general public.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Vehicle Technologies and Fuel Cell Technologies Office Research and Development Programs: Prospective Benefits Assessment Report for Fiscal Year 2018

Under a diverse set of programs, the Vehicle Technologies and Fuel Cell Technologies Offices of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy invest in early-stage research of advanced batteries and electrification, engines and fuels, materials, and energy-efficient mobility systems; hydrogen production, delivery, and storage; and fuel cell technologies. This report documents the estimated benefits of successful development and implementation of advanced vehicle technologies. It presents a comparison of a scenario with completely successful implementation of Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) and Fuel Cell Technologies Office (FCTO) technologies (the Program Success case) to a future in which there is no contribution after Fiscal Year 2017 by the VTO or FCTO to these technologies (the No Program case). Benefits were attributed to individual program technology areas, which included FCTO research and development and the VTO programs of electrification, advanced combustion engines and fuels, and materials technology. Projections for the Program Success case indicate that by 2035, the average fuel economy of on-road, light-duty vehicle stock could be 24% to 30% higher than in the No Program case, while fuel economy for on-road medium- and heavy-duty vehicle stock could be as much as 13% higher. The resulting petroleum savings in 2035 were estimated to be as high as 1.9 million barrels of oil per day, and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions were estimated to be as high as 320 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Projections of light-duty vehicle adoption indicate that although advanced-technology vehicles may be somewhat more expensive to purchase, the fuel savings result in a net reduction of consumer cost. In 2035, reductions in annual fuel expenditures for vehicles (both light- and heavy-duty) are projected to range from $86 billion to $109 billion (2015$), while the projected increase in new vehicle expenditures in the same year ranges from $6 billion to $24 billion (2015$).

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2017

California Publicly-Owned Utilities (POUs) – LBNL ‘Beyond Widgets’ Project. Task: ambient lighting and occupancy-based plug load control. System Program Manual

This program manual contains detailed technical information for implementing an incentive program for task-ambient lighting and occupancy-based plug load control. This manual was developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, in collaboration with the California Publicly-Owned Utilities (CA POUs) as a partner in the ‘Beyond Widgets’ program funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Office. The primary audience for this manual is the program staff of the various CA POUs. It may also be used by other utility incentive programs to help develop similar programs. It is anticipated that the content of this manual be utilized by the CA POU staff for developing related documents such as the Technical Resource Manual and other filings pertaining to the rollout of an energy systems-based rebate incentive program.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2018

Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC)–U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Program on Research and Development for Fossil Energy-Related Resources

The EERC teamed with the DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory to conduct complementary research and development under the Joint Program on Research and Development for Fossil Energy-Related Resources (Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-08NT43291). This 10-year program merged two previous 10-year agreements—DE-FC26-98FT40320 and DE-FC26-98FT40321—into a single follow-on agreement. The Fossil Energy cooperative agreement between DOE and the EERC was initiated in 1983 when the EERC was defederalized. This dynamic 35-year partnership has evolved to further research in areas that address DOE Office of Fossil Energy program goals while serving the missions and exploiting the strengths of both organizations through this agreement and a new 5-year Fossil Energy-Related Resources cooperative agreement established in 2015. As the 10-year program has ended, the purpose of this report is to summarize the activity and significant outcomes that were accomplished by the EERC. This program is an excellent model for research, development, demonstration, and commercialization partnerships between government, industry, and the applied science and engineering communities to bring cutting-edge science closer to commercial application. The overarching goal was to support DOE Fossil Energy goals by advancing the scientific knowledge and technical development essential to ensuring future sustainable supplies of affordable energy and clean water, protecting and restoring the environment, and reducing dependence on foreign energy sources, thereby increasing U.S. energy security. The strategic objective was to advance continued use of domestic fossil fuels as a mainstay of U.S. energy production by making fossil energy systems nonpolluting and more efficient, capturing and sequestering greenhouse gases, and integrating the use of fossil and renewable energy sources into the energy mix. The research achievements from this partnership have exceeded the goals and objectives by contributing substantially to the development of science-based energy and environmental policy, educational foundations for science and technology, and commercialization and international marketing of energy technologies. The program comprised 75 individual projects, which included basic/applied fossil energy research projects involving no cost share and development, demonstration, and commercialization projects (many derived from applied research projects) that included nonfederal cost share of approximately 40% (the contractually required minimum level of cumulative nonfederal cost share was 29%). In all, 32,798,698 of federal funding was leveraged with industry cash and in-kind cost share of 21,697,129 from 80 nonfederal partners for a total of 54,495,827 of funded research that 1) advanced the development of unconventional tight oil resources in the Bakken Formation; 2) demonstrated the application of CO 2 Storage and EOR in tight oil formations; 3) developed advanced carbon capture technology; 4) addressed key application and infrastructure concerns for commercial deployment of CO 2 ; 5) demonstrated innovative, integrated water management strategies for energy development projects; 6) developed novel pollution control technologies for mercury and hazardous air pollutants; and 7) performed world-class outreach and dissemination of research results to industry partners and other stakeholders. These outcomes speak to the valuable return on the substantial investment in this program.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2019

Los Alamos National Laboratory Nuclear Material Management and Storage Program: Storage Health Metrics

The Strategic Materials Sustainment Program (SMSP) supports activities needed to manage the National Nuclear Security Administration’s (NNSA) inventory of strategic materials. As part of the SMSP, the Nuclear Material Management and Storage (NMM&S) program at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is responsible for: (1) safe and secure storage of the SMSP strategic materials and others, (2) analysis, forecasting, and management of accountable nuclear materials; and (3) disposition of nuclear material through the Office of Nuclear Materials Integration (ONMI). The nuclear material management (NMM) mission is to ensure efficient nuclear material management lifecycle activities at LANL. The storage program function includes the management of storage capabilities across the site, supply chain management of nuclear materials, storage requirements integration, and nuclear container management (i.e., procurement, compliance, and safety). This report identifies key performance indicators (KPI) and describes the criteria and metrics used to assess the health of the storage component of the NMM&S program. “Health” is the ability of a process, system, facility, or program to safely and reliably accomplish its required mission. A health assessment provides timely identification of significant risks to enable mission performance. Significant risks identified are most effectively mitigated, avoided, or eliminated by evaluating and coordinating with stakeholders to specifically target, document, and often proceduralize strategies directed towards risk reduction. An effective health assessment involves status measurements of specific metrics that are tied directly to representative KPIs for a program. This document will baseline the KPI, criteria, and specific metrics that will be used to measure the “health” of the LANL Storage Program (i.e., NMM is not included).

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Peak Demand Impacts From Electricity Efficiency Programs

Quantification of the costs and benefits of electricity efficiency programs have focused largely on the economic value of annual energy reductions. State public utility commissions PUCs and utilities are increasingly interested in assessing peak demand impacts of these programs. The U.S. Energy Information Administration defines peak demand as "The maximum load during a specified period of time." In practice, utilities and grid operators use a wide range of definitions for peak demand. With increasing need for a more flexible and resilient electricity system, and changing costs for generation, utilities and other efficiency program administrators must take into account all characteristics of efficiency programs — including peak demand reduction — to ensure a reliable system at the most affordable cost. In this study, Berkeley Lab explored a new metric, the program administrator (PA) cost of saving peak demand (PA CSPD). We collected data on costs, energy savings and peak demand savings for electricity efficiency programs for 36 investor-owned utilities and other PAs in nine states (Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Illinois, Massachusetts, Maryland, New York and Texas) for 2014 to 2017. While some utilities report demand reductions for their electricity efficiency programs, there has been little sustained effort in the United States to gather peak demand reduction data or benchmark the cost of achieving peak demand impacts. As a first of its kind analysis, we developed a framework for analyzing peak demand savings across utilities and states and begin to quantify the cost of saving peak demand.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2020

Cost of saving natural gas through efficiency programs funded by utility customers: 2012–2017

This study estimates the cost of saving a therm of natural gas from energy efficiency programs funded by utility customers during the period 2012 to 2017. Berkeley Lab researchers compiled and analyzed efficiency program data reported by investor-owned utilities and other program administrators in a dozen states representative of the four U.S. Census regions — Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Rhode Island and Utah. Depending on the year, the dataset accounts for about 50 percent to 70 percent of annual national spending on natural gas efficiency programs. The estimated cost of saving natural gas during the study period is $0.40 per therm. The analysis also includes estimates of the program administrator cost of saved energy for three core sectors for natural gas: commercial and industrial, residential, and low-income households. It aggregates these sectors to provide regional and national values. Our metrics include savings-weighted averages, unweighted medians, and interquartile ranges (25th and 75th percentiles) of the levelized program administrator cost of saving gas, in constant 2017 dollars. In addition, the study analyzes cost trends during the study period, finding that average program costs trended downward. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Building Technologies Office supported this work.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Advanced Reactor Safeguards Program Roadmap

The Advanced Reactor Safeguards (ARS) program was established in 2020 as part of appropriations for the Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program (ARDP) through the Office of Nuclear Energy in the Department of Energy. The goal of this program is to help address near term challenges that advanced nuclear reactor vendors face in meeting domestic Material Control and Accountancy (MC&A) and Physical Protection System (PPS) requirements for U.S. construction. Existing regulations for safeguards and security, as outlined in the Code of Federal Regulations, were written for large light water reactors, and some of the requirements are not suited to smaller, safer advanced reactor designs. The ARS program seeks to remove roadblocks in the deployment of new and advanced reactors by solving regulatory challenges, reducing safeguards and security costs, and utilizing the latest technologies and approaches for robust plant monitoring and protection. Safeguards and Security by Design (SSBD), or the consideration of safeguards and security requirements early in the design process, is an overarching principle that guides this program. This roadmap discusses the goals of the ARS program, current research, and program plan for the next five years.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Student Programs FY21 Conversion Report

Sandia National Labs has created a noteworthy and effective internship program whose focus is creating a talent pipeline for the laboratory. Our program utilizes industry standard conversion calculations to examine the effectiveness of the program and to compare to our competitors. Sandia defines students eligible for conversion as graduating in the given fiscal year and in their final degree program. Students indicate to SIP upon hire and at certain checkpoints throughout their internship if they are in their final degree program or not. This means that they will not continue to a higher degree program after they graduate. For instance, someone who is graduating with a master’s degree in the current FY and does not plan to pursue a PhD would be considered eligible, while an undergrad student who is graduating in the same year, but plans to pursue a graduate degree, would not be considered eligible for conversion. Conversion data pulled for this report includes all eligible interns for fiscal year 2021. We use a rolling population, which includes anyone who was an intern at some point during FY21. To calculate conversion, we narrow our population down to the students who graduated between October 2020 through September 2021, who have indicated that they are in their final degree program. The conversion data was pulled on 10/29/2021, so any conversions completed after this date will not be included in the calculation. Our conversion data includes students who separated from Sandia and returned as a staff member. Conversions also include FTE, LTE, and postdoc positions. We do not include conversion to contractor positions in our calculations.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2022

3013 Surveillance Program Interim Summary Report (FY16-FY21)

The K-Area Documented Safety Analysis (DSA) requires the facility participate in the SRS Site Surveillance Program as a part of Shipping Package Qualification and Storage Surveillance Program. The Site Surveillance Program outlines activities for field surveillance and laboratory tests that demonstrate the 3013 containers meet the functional performance requirements described in the DSA. The SRS Surveillance Program also supports the complex-wide Integrated Surveillance Program (ISP) for 3013 containers in accordance with DOESTD-3013. The purpose of this report is to provide a summary of the SRS portion of the surveillance program activities from FY16 through FY21 and formally communicate the interpretation of these results by the Surveillance Program Authority (SPA).

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2022

Advanced Reactor Safeguards: 2022 Program Roadmap

The Advanced Reactor Safeguards (ARS) program was established in 2020 as part of appropriations for the Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program (ARDP) through the Office of Nuclear Energy in the Department of Energy. The goal of this program is to help address near term challenges that advanced nuclear reactor vendors face in meeting domestic Material Control and Accountancy (MC&A) and Physical Protection System (PPS) requirements for U.S. construction. The technical work in the program is meant to (1) support nuclear reactor vendors with advanced MC&A and PPS designs for next generation reactors, (2) provide technical bases for the regulator, and (3) promote the integration of Safeguards and Security by Design early in the design process. Existing domestic regulations for safeguards and security, as outlined in the Code of Federal Regulations, were written for large light water reactors, and rule-making efforts are underway to develop regulations more suited to different reactor designs. The ARS program seeks to remove roadblocks in the deployment of new and advanced reactors by solving regulatory challenges, reducing safeguards and security costs, and utilizing the latest technologies and approaches for robust plant monitoring and protection. This roadmap discusses the goals of the ARS program, current research, and program plan for the next five years.

98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL P↗
DOE OSTI2015

2015 LLNL Nuclear Forensics Summer Program

The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Nuclear Forensics Summer Program is designed to give graduate students an opportunity to come to LLNL for 8–10 weeks for a hands-on research experience. Students conduct research under the supervision of a staff scientist, attend a weekly lecture series, interact with other students, and present their work in poster format at the end of the program. Students also have the opportunity to meet staff scientists one-on-one, participate in LLNL facility tours (e.g., the National Ignition Facility and Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) to gain a better understanding of the multidisciplinary, on going science at LLNL. Currently called the Nuclear Forensics Summer Program, this program began 15 years ago as the Actinide Sciences Summer Program. The program is run within the Glenn T. Seaborg Institute in the Physical and Life Sciences Directorate at LLNL. The goal of the Nuclear Forensics Summer Program is to facilitate the training of the next generation of nuclear scientists and engineers to solve critical national security problems in the field of nuclear forensics and have the students participate in conducting research at LLNL. We select students who are majoring in physics, chemistry, geology, mathematics, nuclear engineering, chemical engineering and environmental sciences. Students engage in research projects in the disciplines of actinide chemistry, radiochemistry, isotopic analysis, computational analysis, radiation detection, and nuclear engineering in order to strengthen the “pipeline” for future scientific disciplines critical to DHS (DNDO), NNSA.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2024

Guidance for Integrating Energy Justice and Equity in Building Technology Deployment Programs: Tracking, Reporting, and Maximizing the Flow of Benefits from Building System Technology Deployment Activities to Disadvantaged Communities and Target Sectors

The Federal Justice40 Initiative directs at least 40% of the overall benefits of certain clean energy investments to flow to disadvantaged communities and requires that all federal programs covered by Justice40 consult stakeholders to determine the program benefits, and that the flow of benefits to disadvantaged communities is tracked and reported. Unequal distribution of benefits, in terms of access to clean energy research, design, development, and deployment, can disproportionately benefit or burden certain communities. This can result in higher rates of pollution, negative health effects, and increased energy burdens and insecurities in disadvantaged communities. Programs focused on decarbonizing the built environment can enhance health, quality of life, and economic opportunities for impacted communities. This guidance document, developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Building Technologies Office, provides best practices and approaches for incorporating energy justice and equity principles into building technology deployment activities. It provides best practices and recommendations for communicating with and involving disadvantaged communities and target building sectors in program activities, along with methods to monitor and report the distribution of benefits to these sectors. This document lays out a set of strategies, metrics, and best practices that can be implemented over time to apply energy justice and equity approaches, whether the program is just starting out or ongoing. Although this guidance was designed for Building Technologies Office technology deployment programs, the best practices, recommendations, and methods can be valuable to any program concerned with the equitable deployment of clean energy technologies. The goal of this project is to enable the equitable development, deployment, and adoption of clean energy technologies and practices.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2022

APS-DPP Distinguished Lecturer in Plasma Physics (DLPP) Program (Final Technical Report)

The final WVU-DLPP-project year has been a transition year on multiple fronts for the DLPP program. The first is a transition from the mode of operations adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic and the second is leadership for the program. During the pandemic, the lecture series went to a virtual format to maintain interactions between our distinguished lecturers and the community of small college and University plasma physics programs with an emphasis on underrepresented groups. Prof. John Foster was especially active with his invited lectures in the remote modality of the DLPPseries. While efforts included zoom calls for speakers to interact with students in addition to the seminar, this approach is much less impactful than face-to-face interactions. As we refresh the group of speakers, the lectures will move back to in person visits. We still retain the virtual option for our lecturers to cope with circumstances and remaining health concerns for individual. We have selected a new cohort of distinguished lecturers. A flyer was sent to a list of college and universities to advertise the DLPP speaker-visit opportunity. We have also drafted a thank you letter to the previous cohort who sustained the program through the pandemic. The other transition is the change in leadership, after the selection of the 2023 DLPPcohort, from Dr. Koepke who has been a staunch champion for the program and done a great job growing its presence, to Dr. Kline the co-chair. Dr. Koepke has been transferring his knowledge and providing excellent guidance in this transition. Over the past year, a best practices document was written as a means to capture not only the core program values, but create a living document that can maintain a continual transfer of information to subsequent leader for the program.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Verification of EvaluateFLux Utility Program

The EvaluateFlux program is a post-processing utility program for DIF3D, specifically DIF3D-VARIANT which handles Cartesian and hexagonal geometries. The EvaluateFlux program was developed to allow users to obtain flux and power traverses through the geometry domain, and its initial purpose was to facilitate foil analysis by evaluating the flux solution from DIF3D-VARIANT and combining it with foil cross section data. The EvaluateFlux program can calculate the neutron flux, as well as the reaction rates, at any user provided evaluation point. It does this by identifying the spatial mesh associated with the evaluation point and then evaluates the polynomial based neutron flux moments stored in the NHFLUX file at that point. The output of EvaluateFlux varies depending on the input setup. The maximum output includes the neutron flux and microscopic and macroscopic reaction rates at each evaluation point. The purpose of this work is to verify the outputs of EvaluateFlux. Simple models that have hand calculatable results are first defined and used to verify the EvaluateFlux outputs. More complex cases are then added where a duplicate program of EvaluateFlux that uses PrintTables outputs of the binary files is used to verify the EvaluateFlux outputs. In those complex cases, hand calculations of selected evaluation points were also displayed to confirm the software verification. For all the tests done, the hand calculations agreed well with those calculated by EvaluateFlux. For the larger complex problems, the duplicate program that can process hundreds of evaluation points was able to identify that zero points within some meshes have large errors. This aspect was attributed to the truncation error on the input provided to the duplicate program and is not a concern for the accuracy of the EvaluateFlux software.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2024

The State of Demand Flexibility Programs and Rates

This report provides foundational data on programs and rates that promote demand flexibility in residential and commercial buildings in the United States. Leveraging a dataset of 148 programs and 94 rates collected through a review of utility websites, published electricity tariffs, and a database of demand-side programs, we describe the structure of demand flexibility events and the types and levels of incentives offered. For the two most common program types in our dataset—Wi-Fi thermostat and battery storage programs—we provide additional details on program designs. We also report data on program outcomes, including enrollment and participation, energy and demand savings, and costs. Furthermore, we describe the structure of dynamic rate events, report prices for critical peak pricing and variable peak pricing rates, and describe features of technology rates.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗