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DOE OSTI2025

Erratum: Review—Materials Science Predictions of Thermal Runaway in Layered Metal-Oxide Cathodes: A Review of Thermodynamics [ J. Electrochem. Soc. , 167, 090543 (2020)]

It was found that corrections are required for the published article cited in the title of this document. A revised Table VII is shown below, in which the values for S (entropy of the liquid solvents) have been corrected for consistency with the original sources. No corrections were required for the enthalpies, but they are included for completeness. The cited references and table footnotes found in the originally published version of Table VII remain applicable.

Shurtz, Randy C. [Sandia National Laboratories (SN↗
DOE OSTI2022

Nucleation, Growth, and Aggregation of Todorokite Nanoparticles from Both Geochemical and Materials Science Perspectives (Final Technical Report)

A vast amount of manganese (Mn) nodules exists in ocean sediments, covering about 30% of the ocean floor. Tunneled and layered Mn(IV) oxides, hereafter called TMOs and LMOs, are the primary mineral phases hosting Mn. Owing to their unique structure and properties, these Mn oxides are highly enriched in transition metals, platinum group metals, and rare earth elements, up to several percentages in weight. Thus, many metals are stored in these nodules and the nodules have thus been increasingly considered for their potential as a source of strategic metals for national security applications and the energy industry. The nodules also play an important role in trace metal biogeochemical cycling in the ocean because they control the partition and distribution of trace metals in oceanic sediments. Layered and tunneled structures differ in their mineralogical and chemical properties. For example, TMOs contain fewer metals compared to LMOs in ocean nodules. Therefore, the relative proportion of the two types of minerals in ocean nodules determines the metal sequestration capacities of the nodules, hence the amount of metals stored in the nodules and metal cycling in oceans. The overall objective of this study is to investigate the mechanisms of layered to tunneled structural transform driven by redox reactions. Specifically, we focus on the redox reactions between Mn(IV) and Mn(II) because they often coexist during Mn redox cycling.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗