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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Collaborative Defense of Transmission and Distribution Protection and Control Devices Against Cyber Attacks (CODEF) DE-OE0000674. ABB Inc. Final Scientific/Technical Report

This report summarizes the activities conducted under the DOE-OE funded project DEOE0000674, where ABB Inc. (ABB), in collaboration with University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), and Ameren-Illinois (Ameren-IL) pursued the development of a system of collaborative defense of electrical substation’s intelligent electronic devices against cyber-attacks (CODEF). An electrical substation with CODEF features will be more capable of mitigating cyber-attacks especially those that seek to control switching devices. It leverages the security extensions of IEC 61850 to empower existing devices to collaborate in identifying and blocking malicious intents to trip circuit breakers, mis-coordinate devices settings, even though the commands and the measurements comply with correct syntax. The CODEF functions utilize the physics of electromagnetic systems, electric power engineering principles, and computer science to bring more in depth cyber defense closer to the protected substation devices.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2017

LANL-SNL Collaboration on NCS Validation.

During 2016, nuclear criticality safety (NCS) practitioners from SNL and code developers from LANL collaborated in several areas of interest to the DOE/NNSA Nuclear Criticality Safety Program (NCSP). This collaboration involved. Testing of the preliminary release of the MCNP6- Whisper methodology, with feedback to the developers, Sharing of the benchmark catalogs (the collection of MCNP input files and benchmark results), with 1101 cases from LANL and 866 cases from SNL, Comparison and analysis of 357 benchmarks common to both catalogs, Investigation of the impact of the different benchmark catalogs on sensitivity-uncertainty based NCS validation results from MCNP6-Whisper, Investigation of the impact of randomized selections from the benchmark catalog on sensitivity-uncertainty based validation results from MCNP6-Whisper. Investigation of the use of MCNP6-Whisper in selecting benchmarks for use in NCS validation for unique, nonstandard, legacy fuel applications. This paper summarizes the collaboration work and initial results. It must be noted that the results described herein are preliminary and need further research and detailed analysis. However, the initial results are very interesting, and it is important to share them with the NCSP community.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program — A Summary of Collaborative Research and Development Activities

This report describes the collaborative research and development projects in which the U.S. Department of Energy’s Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program is engaged with industry, regulatory agencies, and other organizations to achieve outcomes that are directed at sustaining the U.S. nuclear power industryduring Fiscal Year 2018. One way that this Program accomplishes its objectives—to develop technologies and other solutions that can improve the reliability, sustain the safety, enhance the economic performance, and extend the life of current reactors—is by conducting research together with industry and key organizations through cooperative arrangements and plans, through coordinated planning and management of resources and activities, through periodic technical exchanges of data and information, or by other means of interaction (i.e., contracts, memoranda of understanding, non-disclosure agreements, etc.). Broadly, these interactions represent different types of collaborations—formal or informal agreements between two or more organizations to work on something together that may be for a short or extended duration and may involve a single purpose or broad set of goals. DOE’s research, development, and demonstration role focuses on enhancing the safe, efficient, and economical performance of the nation’s nuclear fleet while studying and mitigating aging phenomena and issues that are applicable to the service environments of operating reactors and require unique DOE laboratory expertise. Often, research and development (R&D) and demonstration activities are cost-shared, coordinated, or otherwise jointly conducted with industry, regulatory agencies, or other organizations through the aforementioned or other collaborative mechanisms. Operation of the existing fleet of plants to 60 years, extending the operating lifetimes of those plants beyond 60 years and, where practical, making further improvements in their productivity are essential to support the nation’s energy needs. Recently, several utilities have submitted or announced plans to submit applications to the U.S. NRC to begin the subsequent license-renewal process, extending the operating license period beyond 60 years from the date of their initial licensing. This marks an important planned milestone in the history of commercial nuclear power operations in the U.S.—one that underscores the long-term dependability of these plant designs and the commitment to their long-term performance by the organizations that operate them. The LWRS Program will continue to work with owner-operators to address the key issues needed to support the technical bases for continued safe long-term operation of our nation’s nuclear power assets.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2018

An Open-Access Nuclear Knowledge and Innovation Toolkit to Make Use of Nuclear World and Increase Collaboration

Nuclear engineering began as an urgent weapons development program in the early 1940s, involving work in enrichment, reactor design, shielding design, and isotope production. This work led to investigations of peaceful uses of nuclear technology, including nuclear power production and applications of radiation. Such peaceful technologies, often derived from experience gained through the weapons program, often maintained some level or attitude of secrecy. As the field continued to develop, that secrecy led to different specializations developing with different sets of terminology and methods of computation. For example, radiation safety used buildup and shielding factors while reactor designers use diffusivity and cross sections. Impressive amounts of work went into theory and application development in each sub-field over the next few decades, with much of the work left without adequate documentation or with important documentation made only within the organization. This situation has led to a loss of knowledge and experience, a lack of collaboration across nuclear sub-fields, and immense amounts of time and effort spent on redundant work. This paper proposes an open-access system that combines preserving and passing on the knowledge in all nuclear sub-fields with tools to make that knowledge useful, referred to as the Nuclear Knowledge and Innovation Toolkit (NuKIT). Knowledge would be captured in user-entered and expert-verified databases of reactors, applications of radiation, isotope production methods, and other pertinent nuclear information complete with technical information and tags that can be used to organize and investigate the data. Tools include community tools like forums and the ability to create collaborative projects; visualization and presentation tools; and an online programming system that allows code sharing, collaborative editing, database manipulation, and integration with all other tools. Finally, NuKIT is envisioned to include commercialization tools to allow freelance work and to compensate data entry/moderation work to help encourage participation. Eventually, integration with industry-standard tools like MCNP, SCALE, etc. is expected. This paper will present some proposed work in the context of its use for isotopes and radiation application, as well as possible work to be done in the context of the Combined Materials Experimental Toolkit (CoMET) being developed by the Nuclear Science User Facilities (NSUF) program. It should be noted that any work done towards this system, by any group, will advance the full system. It should also be noted that similar work previously done can be integrated into NuKIT.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Remote collaboration methods and systems

Apparatus and associated methods relate to immersive collaboration based on configuring a real scene VRE operable from a real scene and a remote VRE operable remote from the real scene with an MR scene model of the real scene, creating an MR scene in each of the real scene VRE and remote VRE based on augmenting the MR scene model with an object model, calibrating the remote MR scene to correspond in three-dimensional space with the real scene MR scene model, and automatically providing immersive collaboration based on the MR scene in the remote VRE and updating the real scene VRE with changes to the remote VRE. In an illustrative example, the MR scene model of the real scene may be determined as a function of sensor data scanned from the real scene. In some embodiments, the MR scene model may be augmented with an object model identified from the real scene. The object model identified from the real scene may be, for example, selected from a known object set based on matching sensor data scanned from the real scene with an object from a known object set. In some embodiments, the remote MR scene may be calibrated based on applying a three-dimensional transform calculated as a function of the real MR scene and remote MR scene geometries. Some designs may recreate a subset of the real scene in the remote VRE and update the real scene VRE with changes to the remote VRE. Various embodiments may advantageously provide seamless multimedia collaboration based on updates to the remote VRE in response to physical changes to the real scene, and updating the real scene VRE in response to changes in the remote VRE.

Neeter, Eduardo J.↗
DOE OSTI2023

MicroBooNE Public Data Sets: a Collaborative Tool for LArTPC Software Development

Among liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) experiments MicroBooNE is the one that continually took physics data for the longest time (2015-2021), and represents the state of the art for reconstruction and analysis with this detector. Recently published analyses include oscillation physics results, searches for anomalies and other BSM signatures, and cross section measurements. LArTPC detectors are being used in current experiments such as ICARUS and SBND, and being planned for future experiments such as DUNE. MicroBooNE has recently released to the public two of its data sets, with the goal of enabling collaborative software developments with other LArTPC experiments and with AI or computing experts. These data sets simulate neutrino interactions on top of off-beam data, which include cosmic ray background and noise. The data sets are released in two formats: the native art/ROOT format used internally by the collaboration and familiar to other LArTPC experts, and the HDF5 format which contains reduced and simplified content and is suitable for usage by the broader community. This contribution presents the open data sets, discusses their motivation, the technical implementation, and the extensive documentation -- all inspired by FAIR principles. Finally, opportunities for collaborations are discussed.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2015

Issue focused stakeholder collaboration: reaching consensus on spent nuclear fuel transportation operational practices - 15465

This paper examines stakeholder and issue-focused approaches used by Department of Energy (DOE) programs to collaborate with key stakeholders on transportation practices to ship radioactive material, particularly used nuclear fuel (UNF) and transuranic waste (TRU). In accordance with the Administration's Strategy for the Management and Disposal of Used Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste, the current effort by DOE to plan for the development of a future transportation system to ship UNF from commercial reactors, with an initial focus on shutdown reactors, is using approaches similar to those used in other successful shipping campaigns to collaborate with stakeholders about sustainable transportation practices. As part of a coordinated approach to stakeholder outreach and collaboration, DOE is currently developing a draft Transportation Planning Framework to provide a template for future shipments of UNF from commercial reactors and is engaged with states and tribes and other stakeholders in discussions on the institutional and operational components of that Framework. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2015

A Collaborative Regulatory Effort for Sealed Source Disposal - 15735

The State of Utah, Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Radiation Control (DRC), EnergySolutions, the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD), and the Department of Energy's Global Threat Reduction Initiative (GTRI) collaborated on a truly innovative effort to expand opportunities for cost-effective sealed source disposal. These entities developed a first-of-its-kind initiative to dispose of certain sealed sources at the EnergySolutions disposal facility near Clive, Utah, which normally cannot accept sealed sources of any type. This creative and collaborative effort to improve radiation health, safety, and security was recognized by the Richard S. Hodes, M.D. Honor Lecture Award. This award is presented annually by the Southeast Compact Commission at the Waste Management Symposia to encourage environmental professionals and political leaders to develop innovative approaches to waste management in the United States. The participants in the collaborative initiative are honored to receive special recognition for this effort. They also recognize that the hard work remains to be done in order to ensure the continued safe management and disposal of sealed sources. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2019

Savannah River Site H-Canyon Collaborative Advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD) Program Review - 19499

The purpose of the Department of Energy-Environmental Management Office of Technology Development's (DOE-EM TD) Science of Safety (SOS) Robotics Initiative is to pull innovative commercial off the shelf (COTS) and near ready technologies to the field to expedite remaining EM mission clean up and enhance worker safety. A goal of this program is to demonstrate to DOE facilities the value of these available new technologies and their potential uses to solve difficult problems. In support of this goal, the Savannah River Site (SRS) H-Canyon Air Exhaust (HCAEX) tunnel biannual inspection task has been selected to demonstrate and evaluate the benefit of pulling advanced technology solutions to EM facilities. This is a highly collaborative task facilitated by SRNL and engaging SRS H-Canyon facility stakeholders, National Laboratory robotic and concrete inspection SMEs and university robotic and sensor researchers. Presently, the SRS HCAEX tunnel inspection consists of a visual examination to evaluate the structural integrity of the tunnel. Personal access is prohibited in the tunnel due to extreme conditions, thus the examination is accomplished remotely by deploying cameras mounted on a robotic crawler deployed into the tunnel. While the ability to see inside the tunnel in recent years has been highly valuable, it is desirable to have a better understanding of the environment to support a more thorough structural analysis and for long term planning purposes. This higher order of understanding can be accomplished through advanced COTS sensors and tools and those currently in development and near ready. The advanced technologies selected for demonstration will be evaluated for hosting on the FY19 HCAEX tunnel inspection crawler platform. The HCAEX ATD task is expected to be performed over a two-year period with year one now concluding. At WM2018, we presented the H-Canyon stakeholder's high priority inspection and remote handling needs, the collaboration team and the planned process of developing an integrated solution. This presentation will review the initial scope and inspection needs, then discuss the past year's progress to address these needs. The discussion includes the results of the Concrete Integrated Product Team (CIPT) formed to evaluate promising concrete NDE inspection technologies and a Lidar based tunnel mapping sensor suite solution. Highlighted in the discussion will be the engagement and pulling of university developed research and development to include student engagement through the formation and hosting of the SRNL Robotics and Sensors Intern team and collaboration with MSIPP funded Robotic Arm Concrete NDT Inspection University researchers. Lastly, the path forward to complete the demonstration will be presented. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2020

Panel Session 13: D and D Collaboration Between US DOE EM and NNSA (R6.3)

This panel focused on the interaction and collaboration between US Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE EM) and National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) offices and sites. Panelists with presentations: NNSA and DOE EM Collaboration on Facility Disposition (Deborah Couchman-Griswold); DOE EM and NNSA D and D Collaboration at the Y-12 National Security Complex (Diane McDaniel); Working Together to Achieve Environmental Cleanup Success in Oak Ridge (Laura Wilkerson, James Daffron); DOE-EM - NNSA (Rick Demmer)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2017

LANL-SNL Collaboration on NCS Validation

During 2016, nuclear criticality safety (NCS) practitioners from SNL and code developers from LANL collaborated in several areas of interest to the DOE/NNSA Nuclear Criticality Safety Program (NCSP). This collaboration involved: - Testing of the preliminary release of the MCNP6- Whisper methodology, with feedback to the developers, - Sharing of the benchmark catalogs (the collection of MCNP input files and benchmark results), with 1101 cases from LANL and 866 cases from SNL, - Comparison and analysis of 357 benchmarks common to both catalogs, - Investigation of the impact of the different benchmark catalogs on sensitivity-uncertainty based NCS validation results from MCNP6-Whisper, - Investigation of the impact of randomized selections from the benchmark catalog on sensitivity-uncertainty based validation results from MCNP6-Whisper. - Investigation of the use of MCNP6-Whisper in selecting benchmarks for use in NCS validation for unique, nonstandard, legacy fuel applications. This paper summarizes the collaboration work and initial results. It must be noted that the results described herein are preliminary and need further research and detailed analysis. However, the initial results are very interesting, and it is important to share them with the NCSP community.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Better together: Elements of successful scientific software development in a distributed collaborative community

Many scientific disciplines rely on computational methods for data analysis, model generation, and prediction. Implementing these methods is often accomplished by researchers with domain expertise but without formal training in software engineering or computer science. This arrangement has led to underappreciation of sustainability and maintainability of scientific software tools developed in academic environments. Some software tools have avoided this fate, including the scientific library Rosetta. We use this software and its community as a case study to show how modern software development can be accomplished successfully, irrespective of subject area. Rosetta is one of the largest software suites for macromolecular modeling, with 3.1 million lines of code and many state-of-the-art applications. Since the mid 1990s, the software has been developed collaboratively by the RosettaCommons, a community of academics from over 60 institutions worldwide with diverse backgrounds including chemistry, biology, physiology, physics, engineering, mathematics, and computer science. Developing this software suite has provided us with more than two decades of experience in how to effectively develop advanced scientific software in a global community with hundreds of contributors. Here we illustrate the functioning of this development community by addressing technical aspects (like version control, testing, and maintenance), community-building strategies, diversity efforts, software dissemination, and user support. We demonstrate how modern computational research can thrive in a distributed collaborative community. The practices described here are independent of subject area and can be readily adopted by other software development communities

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2025

Can Collaboration Succeed in Siting a Spent Nuclear Fuel Facility in the United States?—A Challenge in Political Sustainability

We examine the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s collaborative process to locate, build, and operate one or more federal consolidated interim storage facilities (FCISFs) for commercial U.S. spent nuclear fuel—instead of continuing to store the material at over 70 nuclear reactor sites. Technocratic siting of nuclear facilities in the U.S., most of which did not involve meaningful public participation, was not successful. We consider increasing pressure to find at least one FCISF site, as well as the critical role of trust in engaging communities and reaching agreement—leading some observers to assert that DOE is in the “trust building business”, not the siting business. We present case studies with the following: (1) illustrating community engagement that led to a more satisfactory outcome than had been anticipated (Fernald); (2) a planned voluntary process that failed to produce an operating CISF (Office of the Nuclear Waste Negotiator); and (3) a site that demonstrates the ongoing need for negotiations to keep a site open and operational (Waste Isolation Pilot Plant). The essay concludes with the observation that a collaboration-based siting effort can succeed in the U.S., but that five main challenges—related to trust and requiring patience—will need to be addressed.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
NASA NTRS1999

Enabling Collaborative Engineering and Science at JPL

We examine the issue of distributed collaboration at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. With the goals of faster, better, cheaper missions, an efficient, seamless collaboration capabilitity is critical to future JPL space exploration missions.

collaboration↗
DOE OSTI2019

Gender and collaboration patterns in a temporal scientific authorship network

One can point to a variety of historical milestones for gender equality in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics), however, practical effects are incremental and ongoing. It is important to quantify gender differences in subdomains of scientific work in order to detect potential biases and monitor progress. In this work, we study the relevance of gender in scientific collaboration patterns in the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS), a professional society with sixteen peer-reviewed journals. Using their publication data from 1952 to 2016, we constructed a large temporal bipartite network between authors and publications, and augmented the author nodes with gender labels. We characterized differences in several basic statistics of this network over time, highlighting how they have changed with respect to relevant historical events. We find a steady increase in participation by women (e.g., fraction of authorships by women and of new women authors) starting around 1980. However, women still comprise less than 25% of the INFORMS society and an even smaller fraction of authors with many publications. Moreover, we describe a methodology for quantifying the structural role of an authorship with respect to the overall connectivity of the network, using it to measure subtle differences between authorships by women and by men. Specifically, as measures of structural importance of an authorship, we use effective resistance and contraction importance, two measures related to diffusion throughout a network. As a null model, we propose a degree-preserving temporal and geometric network model with emergent communities. Our results suggest the presence of systematic differences between the collaboration patterns of men and women that cannot be explained by only local statistics.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Application of Bound-to-Bound Data Collaboration approach for development and uncertainty quantification of a reduced char combustion model

The development of efficient industrial oxy-coal boilers can be significantly aided by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools, as far as fidelity in modeling coal combustion is also complemented by feasible computational costs. Reduced and predictive models are the most suitable for this application scale. Reduced models feature predictivity when they are validated against a broad range of experiments and targeted by Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) procedures. This work proposes a numerical procedure that uses Bound-to-Bound Data Collaboration (B2B-DC) to derive a reduced char combustion model describing transport phenomena and reactions between char carbon and O 2 , CO 2 and H 2 O, in both conventional and oxy-conditions. The approach determines the consistency between a numerical model and an experimental dataset. The latter is made up of the experiments carried out in an optically accessible laminar entrained flow reactor, operated by Sandia National Laboratories. The procedure follows five steps towards predictive modeling capability, namely: quantification of the uncertainty in the experiments, via instrument verification and modeling; development of a physics model and continuous improvement of its fidelity, via model-form uncertainty; identification of the uncertain and most sensitive parameters and of their prior bounds; sampling of the initial uncertain parameter space and training of a surrogate model; validation of the physics model via inference from the data. The last step, also known as inverse problem, is performed by applying the Bound-to-Bound Data Collaboration approach. A char combustion model is found consistent with the experimental data and its validity stands for conventional and oxy-combustion conditions. It accounts for heterogeneous reactions at the particle surface, mass transport of species in the particle boundary layer, pore diffusion and surface area changes. The consistent reduced model overcomes the differences in mass transport and kinetics observed in the experimental campaign. In conclusion, a reduction of the initial degree of uncertainty in both model and experiments is achieved.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2025

DECOVALEX-2023: An international collaboration for advancing the understanding and modeling of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes in geological systems

The DECOVALEX initiative is an international research collaboration (www.decovalex.org), initiated in 1992, for advancing the understanding and modeling of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes in geological systems. DECOVALEX stands for “DEvelopment of COupled Models and VALidation against EXperiments”. The creation of this international initiative was motivated by the recognition that prediction of these coupled effects is an essential part of the performance and safety assessment of geologic disposal systems for radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel. DECOVALEX emphasizes joint analysis and comparative modeling of the complex perturbations and coupled processes in geologic repositories and how these impact long-term performance predictions. The most recent phase of the DECOVALEX Project, here referred to as DECOVALEX-2023, started in early 2020 and ended in late 2023. More than fifty research teams associated with 17 international DECOVALEX partner organizations participated in the comparative evaluation of eight modeling tasks covering a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, geological formations, and coupled processes. This Virtual Special Issue on DECOVALEX-2023 provides an in-depth overview of these collaborative research efforts and how these have advanced the state-of-the-art of understanding and modeling coupled THMC processes. While primarily focused on radioactive waste, much of the work included here has wider application to many geoengineering topics.

Coupled processes↗
DOE OSTI2023

Idaho national laboratory to demonstrate collaboration first versus competition to accelerate achieving a secure clean energy future by 2031

Idaho National Laboratory (INL) announced at COP27 it would reach net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2031. As a Nuclear, Energy and Environment, and National Homeland Security laboratory, the predominant solution to closing the clean energy gap will include nuclear as a safe, clean, reliable and affordable electricity source with the additional benefit of producing heat and hydrogen to fuel INL’s large transportation fleet. INL’s collaboration first vs. competition is essential to the program’s success. The focused actions in INL’s Nuclear Roadmap include: Infrastructure, Licensing/Regulatory, Financial, Time to Market, Fuel Cycle and Public Confidence/Communications. The roadmap also includes nuclear technology innovations and creative partnerships with utility providers, regulators, businesses, community members, and Indigenous Peoples to accelerate deployment of advanced reactors. Through development of the Net-Zero Nuclear Roadmap, INL will offer a model to provide safe and secure energy for the nation and the world by: (1) establishing the necessary infrastructure on its 890-square mile site to support demonstration, (2) showing proven pathways through the licensing and regulation process, (3) partnering with utilities to ensure commercial application, and (4) collaborating with industry to site new technologies.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗