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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 235 records · Page 13
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Noise Reduction Trajectory Analysis of a Supersonic Business Jet using Novel Optimization Tools

Proposals to reduce airport noise during takeoff and landing for supersonic aircraft using methods such as variable noise reduction systems add complexity to conceptual flight models. To better optimize these takeoff and landing profiles for noise certification, new modeling methods are explored in this paper with the end goal of more effectively determining the sensitivities of airframe, propulsion, and mission design variables on overall airport noise. Takeoff and landing trajectories are modeled for a notional supersonic business jet concept developed by NASA for use in environmental impact studies conducted by the International Civil Aviation Organization. Optimization tools capable of gradient-based optimal control and collocation solving methods are examined with the aim of achieving faster solutions in a more comprehensive design space. The benefits and limitations of these new methods are compared with existing methods used in previous studies of the airplane concept. It is found that the new modeling methods match closely when compared with existing tools for a standard takeoff and landing case, with a cumulative effective perceived noise difference of 0.1 EPNdB. Comparisons between takeoff trajectories with a variable noise reduction system match within 0.8 EPNdB and 1.3 EPNdB, due to highlighted differences in the modeling approaches.

supersonic↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Reduction of Aircraft Noise Uncertainty for a Notional Supersonic Business Jet

NASA supported a study by the International Civil Aviation Organization on the environmental impact of adding supersonic aircraft to the existing global fleet by designing a notional 55-tonne supersonic business jet. The aircraft is referred to as the Supersonic Technology Concept Aeroplane (STCA) and has been used in a multitude of studies over the past few years. One of the many studies on this aircraft was the noise produced by the STCA during landing and take-off (LTO) operations. The LTO noise for the STCA was assessed using contemporary noise prediction tools that have been primarily developed for and utilized by subsonic aircraft, resulting in a high level of uncertainty for the STCA noise predictions. NASA has recently been conducting research and developing tools to reduce the uncertainty for airport noise predictions of supersonic aircraft. The initial focus of the uncertainty reduction was on the jet and inlet-radiated fan noise produced by supersonic engine systems since these sources are dominant during take-off and landing operations for supersonic jets. The results of these efforts are discussed and applied to the STCA model to update the airport noise predictions and associated uncertainty metrics. It is shown that by using new noise source prediction models, the overall system-level cumulative noise uncertainty of the study vehicle is reduced from a standard deviation of 7.8 EPNdB to 2.0 EPNdB.

uncertainty↗
DOE OSTI2024

Integrated Urban Services: Program Impact and Business Plan Summary

The Integrated Urban Services (IUS) program, launched in 2021 and funded by the U.S. State Department under the United States-Association of Southeast Asian Nations (US-ASEAN) Smart Cities Partnership, aimed to bolster resilience in ASEAN cities by addressing challenges across food, energy, and water systems. Led by the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) with support from Regenerative Impact Ventures, the program focused on demonstrating the socio-economic benefits of integrated urban planning, educating stakeholders on circular economy principles, providing technical assistance to two ASEAN cities, and attracting private sector involvement. The program facilitated peer learning events, engaging public and private sector participants and leveraging knowledge from a group of global experts to inform approaches and best practices. Technical assistance was provided to two pilot cities, Iskandar Malaysia and Cagayan de Oro, Philippines, resulting in the development of market-driven business plans for resilient, circular, and regenerative energy-water-food system projects. The Iskandar Malaysia pilot focused on development of a state-of-the-art AgriTech Innovation Hub and Modern Farming Complex to enhance agricultural productivity and produce enough renewable energy to power the facilities. The Cagayan de Oro project aimed to enhance urban agricultural productivity and waste management through development of an Urban Precision Agricultural Complex featuring aeroponics, hydroponics, aquaponics, agrivoltaics, and a Black Solider Fly Facility for converting municipal solid waste into commodities. The success of the IUS program sets a precedent for replicating integrated urban service models globally, offering valuable insights for cities aiming to enhance their resilience and sustainability.

ASEAN↗
DOE OSTI2024

Organizational Influence on Supply Chain for Digital Energy Infrastructure: Business Models, and Policy Landscape

Significant investment is driving the essential modernization and digitization of U.S. energy infrastructure, but the United States faces a key challenge in this grid transformation: our renewable and clean energy supply chains have limited capacity to source necessary digital assets through U.S. or allied sources. Batteries and their associated power electronic interfaces are key components to delivering clean and more resilient energy delivery, providing much-needed fast ramping, emergency discharge, generation, and operations support to the electric grid. These services have grown to be invaluable over the past 10 years and will soon be an irreplaceable component of energy delivery. While there have been significant strides to move supply chains for raw and critical materials to U.S. and allied nations, the control and power electronic industry has lagged, in part because of lower cost margins. For example, the United States now has growing capacity to manufacture solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, but 90% of the inverters—which are essential to the conversion of DC to AC for grid connection and controls—are made in or source parts from the People’s Republic of China (PRC). While a global supply chain is beneficial for many economic and supply diversification reasons, presence of foreign entities of concern (FEOC) in a dominant role in this supply chain brings additional concerns for national security of infrastructure. The BESS relationship and new clean energy have features that warrant discussions and additional focus on impact for technology security, given their critical role. This review considers the impact and solutions for complex business and policy landscapes in clean energy supply chain, and the benefit trade-offs, focusing on the Battery Energy Storage System case study, and its complex organizational relationships across both the US, Allied countries and Foreign Entities of Concern. While many examples in this paper are presented on PRC focused manufacture, this could apply to any potentially adversarial relationship

25 - ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Business Case Analysis for Digital Safety-Related Instrumentation & Control System Modernizations

The commercial nuclear sector faces unprecedented financial challenges driven by low natural gas prices and subsidized renewables in a marketplace that does not reward carbon-free baseload capacity. These circumstances, along with increasingly antiquated labor-centric operating models and analog technology, have forced the premature closure of multiple nuclear facilities and placed a much larger population of nuclear power stations at risk. Nuclear plant economic survival in current and forecasted market conditions requires an efficient and technology-centric operating model that harvests the native efficiencies of advanced technology. This is analogous to transformations in nearly every other industry. In light of previous industry experience in modernizing safety Instrumentation and Controls (I&C) systems, nuclear utilities are reluctant to pursue these upgrades due to uncertainty in licensing and cost.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Influence of Business Models on PV-Battery Dispatch Decisions and Market Value

PV-battery hybrid projects dominate interconnection queues in some regions in the United States, but few projects have been operational long enough to assess how the hybrid capabilities may be used in practice. We interview plant operators and analyze empirical dispatch data for eleven large-scale PV-battery hybrids in three organized wholesale markets in the United States. We use the dispatch data and wholesale market prices to estimate the market value of our sample hybrids in 2020. The empirical increase in market value of a PV-battery hybrid relative to a standalone PV plant varies by project and ranges from $\$$1 to $\$$48/MWhsolar. The premium is driven by market, location, technical characteristics of the PV and battery asset, and battery dispatch strategies. In contrast to the widespread assumptions in the PV-battery hybrid modeling literature, only three of the eleven project operators optimize battery usage for wholesale market revenue as merchant plants. Instead, the majority of operators in the sample have alternate objectives. For example, load-serving entities target peak load reductions, incentive program participants focus on compliance with program requirements, and large energy consumers prioritize resiliency and utility bill minimization. Understanding prevalent dispatch signals and the degree of alignment with system-wide grid needs can increase the market value of PV-battery hybrids.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Initial Scoping Efforts for a Plant-Wide Digital Infrastructure Modernization Business Case Study

This research report describes the preparatory efforts to perform a BCA on an expanded set of digital upgrades envisioned for implementation at the Luminant?s Comanche Peak nuclear plant. It captures efforts to scope the digital upgrade effort to enable performance of the BCA. The final BCA will be the subject of a subsequent report. LWRS pilot research in this area is intended to enable this effort and to provide a roadmap to others to follow. INL appreciates the Luminant?s participation in this research.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Pilot Business Case Analysis for Digital Infrastructure

The Inflation Reduction Act Has Provided an Opening to Dramatically Change and Improve the Economics of Nuclear Power Until recently, the commercial nuclear sector has faced unprecedented financial challenges driven by low natural gas prices and subsidized renewables, in a marketplace that did not reward carbon-free baseload capacity. The industry is also plagued by labor shortages, increasingly obsolete labor-centric operating models and antiquated analog technology that threaten the viability of the long-term operations of domestic nuclear facilities. In this context, the economic survival of nuclear power plants requires an efficient and technology-centric operating model that harvests the native efficiencies of advanced technology. Such transformations have been made in many other industries – notably, oil and gas. The passage by Congress of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in 2022 provides nuclear operators with unprecedented economic incentives to pursue these upgrades. To realize the benefits of these incentives and achieve the necessary transformations in the nuclear operating model, the nuclear industry must overcome both the continuing unease about licensing pathways and uncertainty related to implementation costs.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗