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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 235 records · Page 13
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

OpenEIS. Developer Guide

The Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Building Technologies Office (BTO) is supporting the development of an open-source software tool for analyzing building energy and operational data: OpenEIS (open energy information system). This tool addresses the problems of both owners of building data and developers of tools to analyze this data. Building owners and managers have data but lack the tools to analyze it while tool developers lack data in a common format to ease development of reusable data analysis tools. This document is intended for developers of applications and explains the mechanisms for building analysis applications, accessing data, and displaying data using a visualization from the included library. A brief introduction to the visualizations can be used as a jumping off point for developers familiar with JavaScript to produce their own. Several example applications are included which can be used along with this document to implement algorithms for performing energy data analysis.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2023

Advanced Laboratory and Field Arrays: Technical Report for Performance Enhancement for Marine Energy Converter (MEC) Arrays (Task 5)

Task 5 consisted of two parts, wave energy converter (WEC) arrays and current energy converter (CEC) arrays. The two parts of the project were executed independently, and this report covers only the work on WECs. In this part of the task, the team characterized the behavior of and developed control schemes for wave energy converter (WEC) arrays that improved performance (i.e., maximized aggregate power generation and reduced the levelized cost of energy) over baseline, non-coordinated control approaches. Specifically, for WEC arrays: the team developed optimal layouts of arrays that considered the effect of WEC placement within an array on coordinated array control with real-time estimation schemes. The numerical codes developed through this task were made available to users for array design. These tools utilized existing commercial software as well as software developed within the project team.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2016

An online x-ray based position validation system for prostate hypofractionated radiotherapy

Purpose: Accurate positioning of the target volume during treatment is paramount for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). In this work, the authors present the development of an in-house software tool to verify target position with an Elekta-Synergy linear accelerator using kV planar images acquired during treatment delivery. Methods: In-house software, SeedTracker, was developed in MATLAB to perform the following three functions: 1. predict intended seed positions in a planar view perpendicular to any gantry angle, simulating a portal imaging device, from the 3D seed co-ordinates derived from the treatment planning system; 2. autosegment seed positions in kV planar images; and 3. report the position shift based on the seed positions in the projection images. The performance of SeedTracker was verified using a CIRS humanoid phantom (CIRS, VA, USA) implanted with three Civco gold seed markers (Civco, IA, USA) in the prostate. The true positive rate of autosegmentation (TPR{sub seg}) and the accuracy of the software in alerting the user when the isocenter position was outside the tolerance (TPR{sub trig}) were studied. Two-dimensional and 3D static position offsets introduced to the humanoid phantom and 3D dynamic offsets introduced to a gel phantom containing gold seeds were used for evaluation of the system. Results: SeedTracker showed a TPR{sub seg} of 100% in the humanoid phantom for projection images acquired at all angles except in the ranges of 80°–100° and 260°–280° where seeds are obscured by anatomy. This resulted in a TPR{sub trig} of 88% over the entire treatment range for considered 3D static offsets introduced to the phantom. For 2D static offsets where the position offsets were only introduced in the anterior–posterior and lateral directions, the TPR{sub trig} of SeedTracker was limited by both seed detectability and positional offset. SeedTracker showed a false positive trigger in the projection angle range between 130°–170° and 310°–350° (a maximum of 24% of treatment time) due to limited information that can be derived from monoscopic images. The system accurately determined the dynamic trajectory of the isocenter position in the superior and inferior direction for the studied dynamic offset scenarios based on the seed position in monoscopic images. Conclusions: The developed software has been shown to accurately autosegment the seed positions in kV planar images except for two 20° arcs where seeds are obscured by anatomical structures. The isocenter trajectories determined by the system, based on the monoscopic images, provide useful information for monitoring the prostate position. The developed system has potential application for monitoring prostate position during treatment delivery in linear accelerator based SBRT.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Impacts of software and its engineering on the carbon footprint of ICT

The energy consumption of information and communication technology (ICT) is still increasing. Even though several solutions regarding the hardware side of Green IT exist, the software contribution to Green IT is not well investigated. The carbon footprint is one way to rate the environmental impacts of ICT. In order to get an impression of the induced CO{sub 2} emissions of software, we will present a calculation method for the carbon footprint of a software product over its life cycle. We also offer an approach on how to integrate some aspects of carbon footprint calculation into software development processes and discuss impacts and tools regarding this calculation method. We thus show the relevance of energy measurements and the attention to impacts on the carbon footprint by software within Green Software Engineering.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Applying queueing theory to evaluate wait-time-savings of triage algorithms

Abstract In the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have made promising impacts in many areas of healthcare. One application is AI-enabled prioritization software known as computer-aided triage and notification (CADt). This type of software as a medical device is intended to prioritize reviews of radiological images with time-sensitive findings, thus shortening the waiting time for patients with these findings. While many CADt devices have been deployed into clinical workflows and have been shown to improve patient treatment and clinical outcomes, quantitative methods to evaluate the wait-time-savings from their deployment are not yet available. In this paper, we apply queueing theory methods to evaluate the wait-time-savings of a CADt by calculating the average waiting time per patient image without and with a CADt device being deployed. We study two workflow models with one or multiple radiologists (servers) for a range of AI diagnostic performances, radiologist’s reading rates, and patient image (customer) arrival rates. To evaluate the time-saving performance of a CADt, we use the difference in the mean waiting time between the diseased patient images in the with-CADt scenario and that in the without-CADt scenario as our performance metric. As part of this effort, we have developed and also share a software tool to simulate the radiology workflow around medical image interpretation, to verify theoretical results, and to provide confidence intervals for the performance metric we defined. We show quantitatively that a CADt triage device is more effective in a busy, short-staffed reading setting, which is consistent with our clinical intuition and simulation results. Although this work is motivated by the need for evaluating CADt devices, the evaluation methodology presented in this paper can be applied to assess the time-saving performance of other types of algorithms that prioritize a subset of customers based on binary outputs.

Thompson, Yee Lam Elim (ORCID:0000000196537707)↗
DOE OSTI2022

Quantitative assessment of particle dispersion in polymeric composites and its effect on mechanical properties

In this work, an automated image analysis tool is developed to establish quantitative correlations between the particle/cluster size distribution and the mechanical properties of particle reinforced polymer composites (PRPC).This automated image analysis tool is developed within python programming software to process and analyze the microstructural images of the polymerbased composite materials. The spent coffee bean powder (SCBP) reinforced poly-propylene carbonate (PPC) polymer composite with differing wt.% of the filler is selected for the analysis. Detailed statistical analysis of the microstructural images reveals that ‘clustering of clusters’ is also presented in addition to the most commonly reported ‘clustering of particles’, and the distribution of particle/clusters is bimodal. Based on these findings, an effective volume fraction for the filler material is proposed to mainly capture the agglomeration effect. With this effective volume fraction, the standard rule-of-mixture model correctly captures the experimentally measured tensile strength and modulus as a function of filler wt.%. Further, the applicability of this effective volume fraction for other theoretical models is also analyzed. The detailed statistical analysis of the microstructure and the proposed effective volume fraction helps to develop a deeper quantitative understanding of the PRPC than the conventional qualitative correlation of microstructural features with the properties and failure processes.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

QForte: An Efficient State-Vector Emulator and Quantum Algorithms Library for Molecular Electronic Structure

Here, we introduce a novel open-source software package QForte, a comprehensive development tool for new quantum simulation algorithms. QForte incorporates functionality for handling molecular Hamiltonians, fermionic encoding, ansatz construction, time evolution, and state-vector emulation, requiring only a classical electronic structure package as a dependency. QForte also contains black-box implementations of a wide variety of quantum algorithms, including variational and projective quantum eigensolvers, adaptive eigensolvers, quantum imaginary time evolution, and quantum Krylov methods. We highlight two features of QForte: (i) how the Python class structure of QForte enables the facile implementation of new algorithms, and (ii) how existing algorithms can be executed in just a few lines of code.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

Extracting Knowledge from Data through Catalysis Informatics

Catalysis informatics is a distinct sub-field that lies at the intersection of cheminformatics and materials informatics, but with unique challenges arising from the dynamic, surface-sensitive, multi-scale nature of heterogeneous catalysis. The ideas behind catalysis informatics can be traced back decades, but the field is only recently emerging due to advances in data infrastructure, statistics, machine learning, and computational methods. In this work we review the field from early works on expert systems and knowledge engines to more recent approaches utilizing machine-learning and uncertainty quantification. The data-information-knowledge hierarchy is introduced and used to classify various developments. The chemical master equation and micro-kinetic models are proposed as a quantitative representation of catalysis knowledge, which can be used to generate explanative and predictive hypotheses for the understanding and discovery of catalytic materials. We discuss future prospects for the field, including improved quantitative coupling of experiment/theory, advanced micro-kinetic models, and the development of open-source software tools. As a result, integration of existing chemical and physical models with emerging statistical and computational tools presents a promising route toward the automated design, discovery, and optimization of heterogeneous catalytic processes.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Test-Based Modeling of Photovoltaic Inverter Impact on Distribution Systems

Distributed PV has important effects on overcurrent, overvoltage and islanding protection. These effects are more difficult to analyze because the faulted behavior of PV inverters is less well understood than for rotating machines. Full transient models of the inverter can be accurate, but that approach requires inverter design details and simulation software that doesn’t easily interoperate with utility protection system software. Further, anomalous model behaviors often emerge at different grid conditions, and these are difficult to fix in a proprietary model. Testing provides another approach to characterize inverters, validate models or answer questions of application. This earlier work found major impacts from the inverter design, firmware, operating point and balance-of-system components. Our objective is to characterize PV inverters from black-box testing, leading to standard test reports that could provide parameter sets for widely-implemented models in software tools. The tool vendors can then develop standard inverter models, as they did for rotating machines and exciters. Besides fully detailed transient models, inverters can be represented with steady-state current sources, dynamically controlled current sources or non-linear frequency-dependent black boxes. Type-test data could support the last three kinds of model. Short circuit and sag tests would encompass the basic fault types, reporting the maximum transient and rms currents over all power levels and points-on-wave within four time ranges : 1) 0 to 1 cycles, for close and latch consideration 2) 1 to 4 cycles, for equipment withstand 3) 4 to 30 cycles, for interrupt ratings 4) 30 cycles and beyond, for backup protection analysis Open circuit tests would vary output power and power factor, and report the maximum rms voltage from 1 to 10 cycles after the event. Without models, the type-test data could also provide upper limits on the expected overvoltages and overcurrents.

Wieserman, Laura M.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Bioenergy Research Centers Data Sharing Portal

The bioenergy.org website is the end product of the Data Sharing Shared Research objective for the Bioenergy Centers. The objective is to Enhance BRC data legacy through the development and use of shared software tools to make previously published datasets more findable and accessible through the Inter-BRC Data Products Portal, and to explore the use of generative AI to assist in the exploration of published datasets. The software repository is released per the license information below.

Thrower, Nicholas↗
DOE OSTI2026

CodeScribe Agent

SF-26-086 CodeScribe introduces a structured, multi-stage pipeline that combines deterministic program analysis with LLM-powered translation to enable incremental, testable Fortran-to-C++ migration. First, `code-scribe index` traverses the project directory tree and produces `scribe.yaml` metadata files recording all modules, subroutines, and functions at each level, giving the LLM accurate structural context instead of a hallucinated codebase model. Second, `code-scribe draft` performs the deterministic portion of translation — converting Fortran types to C++ equivalents, replacing `use` statements with `#include` and `using namespace` directives, and detecting constructs requiring special handling — while embedding`scribe-prompt` annotations that guide the LLM through non-trivial cases such as statement-function-to-lambda conversions and `extern "C"` wrapper generation. Third, `code-scribe translate` applies project-specific TOML-based few-shot prompt templates and submits the composed prompt to a pluggable LLM backend (OpenAI, Anthropic, Argonne ARGO, any OpenAI-compatible endpoint, or local Hugging Face checkpoints), producing a C++ source file, a header, and a Fortran-C++ interface file for each translated routine so the codebase compiles and runs correctly throughout the migration. Beyond translation, CodeScribe includes a tool-using coding agent (`code-scribe agent`) with read, bash, edit, and write capabilities, and a bounded loop mode (`code-scribe loop`) that runs repeated stateless agent sessions over a task file with restricted tool access — enabling sustained, auditable software development workflows for broader scientific computing tasks.

Dhruv, Akash [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), A↗
DOE OSTI2013

Nano-Antenna Electromagnetic Energy Gathering Film

RedWave Energy Inc. entered into a CRADA with BEA to leverage and license nanoantenna technology. The scope of work involved the systematic development and advancement of software modeling/simulation tools, material analysis methods, and fabrication procedures applicable to nanoantennas. The strategy is composed of three elements: nano-antenna technology from the Department of Energy’s Idaho National Laboratories (INL), High Speed Diodes (Metal Insulator Metal) from the University of Colorado, roll-to-roll fabrication from MicroContinuum, Inc.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2013

NREL Energy Models Examine the Potential for Wind and Solar Grid Integration (Fact Sheet)

As renewable energy generating sources, such as wind turbines and solar power systems, reach high levels of penetration in parts of the United States, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is helping the utility industry to peer into the future. Using software modeling tools that the lab developed, NREL is examining the future operation of the electrical grid as renewable energy continues to grow.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2014

Simulation for Wind Turbine Generators: With FAST and MATLAB-Simulink Modules

This report presents the work done to develop generator and gearbox models in the Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) environment and couple them to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence (FAST) program. The goal of this project was to interface the superior aerodynamic and mechanical models of FAST to the excellent electrical generator models found in various Simulink libraries and applications. The scope was limited to Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 generators and fairly basic gear-train models. Future work will include models of Type 4 generators and more-advanced gear-train models with increased degrees of freedom. As described in this study, implementation of the developed drivetrain model enables the software tool to be used in many ways. Several case studies are presented as examples of the many types of studies that can be performed using this tool.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2019

An Initial Investigation of the Design Challenges Associated with Reliable 100GigE Packet Capture

Network security researchers often rely on Emulytics TM to provide a way to evaluate the safety and security of real world systems. This work involves running a large number of virtual machines on a distributed platform to observe how software and hardware will respond to different types of attacks. While Emulytics TM software such as minimega provide a scalable system for conducting experiments, the sheer volume of network traffic produced in an experiment can easily exceed the rate at which data can be recorded for offline analysis. As such, researchers must perform live analytics, narrow their monitoring scope or accept that they must run an experiment multiple times to capture all the information they require. In support of Sandia's commitment to Emulytics TM , we are developing new storage components for the Carlin cluster that will enable researchers to capture significantly more network traffic from their experiments. This report provides a summary of Haoda Wang's initial investigation of how new AMD Epyc storage nodes can be adapted to perform packet capture at 100Gbps speeds with minimal loss. This work found that the NVMe storage capabilities of the Epyc architecture are suitable for capturing 100Gbps Ethernet traffic. While capturing traffic with existing libraries was surprisingly challenging, we were able to develop a DPDK-based software tool that recorded network traffic to disk with minimal packet loss.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Investigation of Computational Corrections to X-Ray Computed Tomography for Dimensional Metrology of Complex Additively Manufactured Parts

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a nondestructive evaluation technique that may be used to image complex internal features without the line-of-sight restrictions inherent in conventional optical and contact (stylus) metrology instrumentation. Applications of CT metrology include material defects (porosity), dimensions and surface texture. However, scan artifacts, such as streaking, caused primarily by beam hardening and scatter, limit the accuracy of CTbased metrology. Reduction of these artifacts would improve the accuracy material properties and dimensional metrology information. This paper reports on the development of additively manufactured (AM) Ti5553 and 316L measurement phantoms with integral lattice (lattice) structures specifically designed to exhibit these artifacts. The phantoms were scanned in three CT systems and a scanning-probe CMM measurement. Surfaces generated from uncorrected CT data exhibited “dimple” defects that are not present in the CMM measurement. Correction methods were developed in Livermore Tomography Tools (LTT) software and this paper reports on the successful correction of these artifacts. This work is expected to have application in areas where characterization of defects, dimensions and surface texture using CT are critical.

42 ENGINEERING↗