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Radiative transition probabilities of neutral and singly ionized rare earth elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) estimated by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential to society given their prevalence in many modern technologies. Quantitative elemental analysis of REEs is therefore a critical capability. Calibration free–laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) is a rapidly maturing and promising approach to quantitative elemental analysis with many attractive qualities. The application of CF-LIBS to analyzing samples containing the REEs is hindered by a lack of fundamental data, specifically transition probabilities (TPs). As such, this study seeks to help address this knowledge deficiency by reporting 967 previously unreported TPs for 13 REEs (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium). The method developed in this study to estimate the TPs requires small amounts of material (a few nanograms) compared with other approaches (~ milligrams), uses non-specialized equipment, and does not involve complicated sample preparations.
Exclusive hadronic tau decays as probes of non-SM interactions
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Ab initio and experimental oxygen ion conductivities in Sm-Zr and Gd-Zr co-doped ceria
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Ternary Polar Intermetallics within the Pt/Sn/R Systems (R = La–Sm): Stannides or Platinides?
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Tuning Ionic Conductivity in Fluorite Gd-Doped CeO 2 -Bixbyite RE 2 O 3 (RE = Y and Sm) Multilayer Thin Films by Controlling Interfacial Strain
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Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm 2 Co 17 –SmCo 5 Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets
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In-situ thermo-mechano-chemical transformation and consolidation of Sm-Co powders via a single-step route for bulk magnet fabrication
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Spin inhibition in γ -decay probabilities for states above S n in Sm and Dy nuclei
When a compound nucleus is formed at an excitation energy above the neutron-separation threshold, it is assumed that its de-excitation will proceed via neutron emission. However, if the excited nucleus is in a high-spin state, but does not have enough excitation energy to conserve angular momentum by either photon emission after neutron emission or relative angular momentum carried off by the neutron, the nucleus will de-excite via γ -emission instead. This effect, the spin inhibition, provides an insight into the structure of the compound nuclei and can aid the understanding of the distribution of the populated spin states in a compound nuclear reaction. In this work, the effects of spin inhibition on the γ-decay probabilities from states in 146,147Sm and 160Dy are presented. For high-spin states above the Sn, spin inhibition is able to suppress neutron emission, and de-excitation via γ -ray emission is observed for states up to 3 MeV above the Sn .
Empirical capture cross sections for cosmic neutrino detection with Sm 151 and Tm 171
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Primordial black holes from first-order phase transition in the singlet-extended SM
Supercooled first-order phase transition (FOPT) can lead to the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs). This scenario imposes stringent requirements on the profile of the effective potential. In this work, we use the singlet extended Standard Model (xSM) as a benchmark model to investigate this possibility at the electroweak scale. The PBHs formed during a supercooled FOPT have a narrow mass distribution around the mass of Earth. This distribution is closely tied to the temperature at which the PBHs form, corresponding to the FOPT at the electroweak scale. This scenario can be probed with microlensing experiments, space-based gravitational wave detectors, and collider experiments. Remarkably, the future space-based gravitational wave detector LISA will hold the potential to either confirm this scenario that leads to PBH formation across the observable Universe in the xSM or completely rule it out. Interestingly, our findings suggest that PBHs within the xSM framework may align with observations of the six ultrashort timescale events reported by the OGLE microlensing experiment. Published by the American Physical Society 2025
Surface excitations relaxation in the Kondo insulator Sm 1 − x Gd x B 6
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Crystal chemistry and ion-irradiation resistance of Ln 2 ZrO 5 compounds with Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd, and Tb
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Green's function fast multipole method for continuum mechanics (SM-FMM)
Solid Mechanics Fast Multipole Method based on elastic Green's function and accelerated using FFTs The code calculates the mechanical fields (stress and strain) for a heterogeneous elasto-plastic material unit cell under quasi-static conditions (no dynamic effects). The fields are calculated using a Green's function method, where the strain field is given by a discrete convolution of Green's operator with an auxiliary stress field. The convolution is calculated using the fast multipole method.