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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Extraction of Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and Organophosphorus Nerve Agent (OPNA)-BChE Adducts from Blood and Plasma Samples and Analysis by Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS)
Abstract not provided
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for VX [Ultra-Dilute Nerve Agent in Dichloromethane]
Abstract not provided.
Evaluating Ocular Response in the Retina and Optic Nerve Head after Single and Fractionated High-Energy Protons
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SYMPOSIUM ON AEROSPACE RADIOBIOLOGY. VI. GENETIC STUDIES IN LOWER RADIATION BELT, PRELIMINARY ASSAY OF NERV NO. 1 SAMPLES
Genetic and physiological studies of neurospora crassa after lower radiation belt exposure
Symposium on aerospace, radiobiology. vi - genetic studies in the lower radiation belt. preliminary assay of nerv. no. l samples
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Stimulus coding in the auditory nerve and cochlear nucleus.
Stimulus coding in the auditory.nerve and cochlear nucleus in cats
Method of recording action currents in automatic nerves under chronic /continuous/ experimental conditions
Recording action currents in autonomic nervous system during long-term experiments in dogs
Efferent pulses from the vagus nerve in intact animals and in animals whose labyrinths were removed, during weightlessness
Weightlessness effects on efferent nervous impulses of intact animal and labyrinthectomized rabbits
Nerve membrane current noise - Direct measurements under voltage clamp
Lobster giant axon membrane steady state current fluctuations measured under voltage-clamp conditions, considering current potassium component
Unresponsiveness of pial precapillary vessels to catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation.
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Change in the intraorganic nerve apparatuses of muscles under conditions of the combined action of a dc magnetic field and acceleration
Damage to neurons in the rat when the animals are subjected to a constant magnetic field is a function of their reactive capacity. The reactive stage is characterized by dystrophic changes without any definite signs of destruction of tissue.
The effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and D-glucose on the efferent discharge rate of sympathetic nerves
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Disuse Induced Changes in the Cholinergic System of Sciatic Nerve and Slow and Fast Twitch Muscle of Rats
Hindlimb suspension was used as a model of disuse in experiments studing the effects of reduced muscle activity on AChE and its molecular forms, choline acetyltransferase and nicotinic receptor binding in innervated slow and fast muscle. The weight of SOL was reduced to 64% within one week and continued to decrease progressively up to the third week when the weight was reduced to 40% as compared to controls. EDL showed a significant decrease in its weight only at the end of three weeks hypokinesia when it was reduced to 71% of control. Biochemical and histochemical findings are summarized. From these data and from morphological findings it is evident that some properties of skeletal muscles are strongly dependent on patterns and level of loadbearing and on motor unit activiy. With suspension-induced disuse, the usually slow SOL appeared to change its characteristics such as fiber type distribution and AChE activity to one that more resembled a faster muscle. It is important to note that hypokinesia induced changes either physiological, biochemical or morphological, are totally reversible as the induced changes returned to control levels within a week after cessation of disuse.
Does vector-free gravity simulate microgravity? Functional and morphologic attributes of clinorotated nerve and muscle grown in cell culture
Cocultured Xenopus neurons and myocytes were subjected to nonvectorial gravity by clinostat rotation to determine the effects of microgravity on cell development and communications. Observed effects included increases in the myocyte and its nuclear area, fragmentation of nucleoli, the appearance of neuritic aneurysms, decreased growth in the presence of trophic factors, and decreased yolk utilization. These effects were most notable at 1-10 rpm and depended on the onset and duration of rotation. It is found that, in microgravity, cell differentiation is altered by interference with cytoskeleton-related mechanisms. It is suggested that the alteration of the distribution of acetylcholine receptor aggregates on myocytes which occurs might indicate that microgravity affects brain development.
Postural Regulation of Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity Before and After Simulated and Actual Microgravity Deconditioning
The etiology of orthostatic intolerance after spaceflight is multifaceted. Morphological adaptations, in particular cardiac atrophy, are likely to magnify the decrease in stroke volume that occurs with reductions in cardiac filling pressure when standing. Neural adaptations may be inferred as well, as reductions in carotid-cardiac baroreflex responsiveness have been reported following bedrest deconditioning and spaceflight. Neural control of vascular resistance has not been studied directly when orthostatic intolerance is florid in the hours following spaceflight. However, the increases in systemic vascular resistance and plasma catecholamines during orthostatic stress are inappropriately low in orthostatically intolerant subjects following spaceflight, suggesting that deficits in the regulation of vascular resistance may be associated with hypoadrenergic function. The studies described in this abstract were designed to test this hypothesis.
Does vector-free gravity simulate microgravity? Functional and morphologic attributes of clinorotated nerve and muscle grown in cell culture
Cocultured Xenopus neurons and myocytes were subjected to non-vectorial gravity by clinostat rotation to determine if microgravity, during space flights, may affect cell development and communications. Clinorotated cells showed changes consistent with the hypothesis that cell differentiation, in microgravity, is altered by interference with cytoskeleton-related mechanisms. We found: increases in the myocyte and its nuclear area, "fragmentation" of nucleoli, appearance of neuritic "aneurysms", decreased growth in the presence of "trophic" factors, and decreased yolk utilization. The effects were most notable at 1-10 rpm and depended on the onset and duration of rotation. Some parameters returned to near control values within 48 hrs after cessation of rotation. Cells from cultures rotated at higher speeds (>50 rpm) appeared comparable to controls. Compensation by centrifugal forces may account for this finding. Our data are consistent, in principle, with effects on other, flighted cells and suggest that "vector-free" gravity may simulate certain aspects of microgravity. The distribution of acetylcholine receptor aggregates, on myocytes, was also altered. This indicates that brain development, in microgravity, may also be affected.