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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 235 records · Page 13
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1992

Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filters

The present calculations of the performance of Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filters (FADOF) on IR transitions indicate that such filters may furnish high transmission, narrow-pass bandwidth, and low equivalent noise bandwidth under optimum operating conditions. A FADOF consists of an atomic vapor cell between crossed polarizers that are subject to a dc magnetic field along the optical path; when linearly polarized light travels along the direction of the magnetic field through the dispersive atomic vapor, a polarization rotation occurs. If FADOF conditions are suitably adjusted, a maximum transmission with very narrow bandwidth is obtained.

Shay, T. M.↗
DOE OSTI2015

Highly efficient conductance control in a topological insulator based magnetoelectric transistor

The spin-momentum interlocked properties of the topological insulator (TI) surface states are exploited in a transistor-like structure for efficient conductance control in the TI-magnet system. Combined with the electrically induced magnetization rotation as part of the gate function, the proposed structure takes advantage of the magnetically modulated TI electronic band dispersion in addition to the conventional electrostatic barrier. The transport analysis coupled with the magnetic simulation predicts super-steep current-voltage characteristics near the threshold along with the GHz operating frequencies. Potential implementation to a complementary logic is also examined. The predicted characteristics are most suitable for applications requiring low power or those with small signals.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
NASA NTRS1988

Dynamics explorer data analysis

The project has shown unambiguously that auroral acceleration is caused by electric fields aligned parallel to the Earth's magnetic field. Evidence was shown of significant ion heating as ions are accelerated upwards in auroral electric fields. This heating is most likely caused by the two-stream instability. The fate of upward ion beams associated with auroral arcs is shown; they appear in the opposite hemisphere as dispersive ion precipitation events. Magnetic merging of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field occurs with both closed dayside magnetospheric field lines and open tail lobe field lines simultaneously nearly 30 percent of the time. The sunward flow in the dawnside plasma sheet is 20 percent smaller, on average, than in the duskside. The convection throat is displaced slightly more toward dawn for B sub y greater than 0 than for B sub y less than 0.

Reiff, Patricia H.↗
DOE OSTI2016

Electrostatic surface waves on a magnetized quantum plasma half-space

A theory of electrostatic surface waves on a quantum plasma half-space is developed with the inclusion of external magnetic field effects for the geometry in which the magnetic field is parallel to the surface and the direction of propagation is perpendicular to the magnetic field. A general analytical expression for dispersion relation of surface waves is obtained by solving Poisson and quantum magnetohydrodynamic equations with appropriate quantum boundary conditions.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2017

Strongly gapped spin-wave excitation in the insulating phase of NaOsO 3

NaOsO 3 hosts a rare manifestation of a metal-insulator transition driven by magnetic correlations, placing the magnetic exchange interactions in a central role. We use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering to directly probe these magnetic exchange interactions. A dispersive and strongly gapped (58 meV) excitation is observed indicating appreciable spin-orbit coupling in this 5d 3 system. The excitation is well described within a minimal model Hamiltonian with strong anisotropy and Heisenberg exchange (J 1 = J 2 = 13.9 meV). As a result, the observed behavior places NaOsO 3 on the boundary between localized and itinerant magnetism.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2016

On Electron-Scale Whistler Turbulence in the Solar Wind

For the first time, the dispersion relation for turbulence magnetic field fluctuations in the solar wind is determined directly on small scales of the order of the electron inertial length, using four-point magnetometer observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. The data are analyzed using the high-resolution adaptive wave telescope technique. Small-scale solar wind turbulence is primarily composed of highly obliquely propagating waves, with dispersion consistent with that of the whistler mode.

Narita, Y.↗
DOE OSTI2018

Chemical Synthesis of Magnetically Hard and Strong Rare Earth Metal Based Nanomagnets

Abstract We report a general chemical approach to synthesize strongly ferromagnetic rare‐earth metal (REM) based SmCo and SmFeN nanoparticles (NPs) with ultra‐large coercivity. The synthesis started with the preparation of hexagonal CoO+Sm 2 O 3 (denoted as SmCo‐O) multipods via decomposition of Sm(acac) 3 and Co(acac) 3 in oleylamine. These multipods were further reduced with Ca at 850 °C to form SmCo 5 NPs with sizes tunable from 50 to 200 nm. The 200 nm SmCo 5 NPs were dispersed in ethanol, and magnetically aligned in polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, yielding a PEG‐SmCo 5 NP composite with the room temperature coercivity ( H c ) of 49.2 kOe, the largest H c among all ferromagnetic NPs ever reported, and saturated magnetic moment ( M s ) of 88.7 emu g −1 , the highest value reported for SmCo 5 NPs. The method was extended to synthesize other ferromagnetic NPs of Sm 2 Co 17 , and, for the first time, of Sm 2 Fe 17 N 3 NPs with H c over 15 kOe and M s reaching 127.9 emu g −1 . These REM based NPs are important magnetic building blocks for fabrication of high‐performance permanent magnets, flexible magnets, and printable magnetic inks for energy and sensing applications.

Shen, Bo↗
DOE OSTI2011

Microstructure and magnetooptics of silicon oxide with implanted nickel nanoparticles

Metallic nickel nanoparticles of various sizes are formed in a thin near-surface layer in an amorphous SiO{sub 2} matrix during 40-keV Ni{sup +} ion implantation at a dose of (0.25-1.0) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 17} ions/cm{sup 2}. The micro-structure of the irradiated layer and the crystal structure, morphology, and sizes of nickel particles formed at various irradiation doses are studied by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. The magnetooptical Faraday effect and the magnetic circular dichroism in an ensemble of nickel nanoparticles are studied in the optical range. The permittivity {epsilon} tensor components are calculated for the implanted samples using an effective medium model with allowance for the results of magnetooptical measurements. The spectral dependences of the tensor {epsilon} components are found to be strongly different from those of a continuous metallic nickel film. These differences are related to a disperse structure of the magnetic nickel phase and to a surface plasma resonance in the metal nanoparticles.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2018

Chemical Synthesis of Magnetically Hard and Strong Rare Earth Metal Based Nanomagnets

We report here a general chemical approach to synthesize strongly ferromagnetic rare-earth metal (REM) based SmCo and SmFeN nanoparticles (NPs) with ultra-large coercivity. The synthesis started with the preparation of hexagonal CoO+Sm 2 O 3 (denoted as SmCo-O) multipods via decomposition of Sm(acac) 3 and Co(acac) 3 in oleylamine. These multipods were further reduced with Ca at 850 °C to form SmCo 5 NPs with sizes tunable from 50 to 200 nm. The 200 nm SmCo 5 NPs were dispersed in ethanol, and magnetically aligned in polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, yielding a PEG-SmCo 5 NP composite with the room temperature coercivity (H c ) of 49.2 kOe, the largest H c among all ferromagnetic NPs ever reported, and saturated magnetic moment (M s ) of 88.7 emu g -1 , the highest value reported for SmCo 5 NPs. The method was extended to synthesize other ferromagnetic NPs of Sm 2 Co 17 , and, for the first time, of Sm 2 Fe 17 N 3 NPs with H c over 15 kOe and M s reaching 127.9 emu g -1 . These REM based NPs are important magnetic building blocks for fabrication of high-performance permanent magnets, flexible magnets, and printable magnetic inks for energy and sensing applications.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2012

Backward mode of the ion-cyclotron wave in a semi-bounded magnetized Lorentzian plasma

The backward modes of the surface ion-cyclotron wave are investigated in a semi-bounded magnetized Lorentzian plasma. The dispersion relation of the backward mode of the surface ion-cyclotron wave is obtained using the specular reflection boundary condition with the plasma dielectric function. The result shows that the nonthermal effect suppresses the wave frequency as well as the group velocity of the surface ion-cyclotron wave. It is also found that the nonthermal effect on the surface ion-cyclotron wave increases with an increase of the wave number. In addition, it is found that the propagation domain of the surface ion-cyclotron wave increases with an increase of the ratio of the electron plasma frequency to the electron gyrofrequency. It is also found that the nonthermal effect increases the propagation domain of the surface ion-cyclotron wave in a semi-bounded magnetized Lorentzian plasma.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Linear and nonlinear wave propagation in weakly relativistic quantum plasmas

We consider a recently derived kinetic model for weakly relativistic quantum plasmas. We find that that the effects of spin-orbit interaction and Thomas precession may alter the linear dispersion relation for a magnetized plasma in case of high plasma densities and/or strong magnetic fields. Furthermore, the ponderomotive force induced by an electromagnetic pulse is studied for an unmagnetized plasma. It turns out that for this case the spin-orbit interaction always gives a significant contribution to the quantum part of the ponderomotive force.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Universal suppression of superfluid weight by non-magnetic disorder in $s$-wave superconductors independent of quantum geometry and band dispersion

Motivated by the experimental progress in controlling the properties of the energy bands in superconductors, significant theoretical efforts have been devoted to study the effect of the quantum geometry and the flatness of the dispersion on the superfluid weight. In conventional superconductors, where the energy bands are wide and the Fermi energy is large, the contribution due to the quantum geometry is negligible, but in the opposite limit of flat-band superconductors the superfluid weight originates purely from the quantum geometry of Bloch wave functions. Here, we study how the energy band dispersion and the quantum geometry affect the disorder-induced suppression of the superfluid weight. In particular, we consider non-magnetic disorder and s-wave superconductivity. Surprisingly, we find that the disorder-dependence of the superfluid weight is universal across a variety of models, and independent of the quantum geometry and the flatness of the dispersion. Our results suggest that a flat-band superconductor is as resilient to disorder as a conventional superconductor.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Pure dipolar-interacted CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles and their magnetic properties

Graphical abstract: The mono-dispersed CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles with the uniform size of 10.5 ± 2 nm were first synthesized and then they were embedded in amorphous SiO{sub 2} matrix with different CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles’ concentrations. The large coercivity (3056 Oe) and the remanence ratio (0.63) were obtained by suitably diluting CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles into the SiO{sub 2} matrix. The reciprocal of the absolute maximum of δm and the M{sub r}/M{sub s} ratio behave in the same trend (as shown in (e)), indicating that the M{sub r}/M{sub s} ratio was dominated by the interparticle dipolar interaction. The present work is meaningful for revealing the underlying mechanism in nano-scaled magnetic system and improving the magnetic performance. - Highlights: • The mono-dispersed CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles with the uniform size of 10.5 ± 2 nm were synthesized by the thermal decomposition of metals acetylacetonates in solvents with high boiling point. • The large coercivity (3056 Oe) and the remanence ratio (0.63) were obtained by diluting CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles into the SiO{sub 2} matrix with a suitable concentration. • The surface anisotropy and interparticle dipolar interaction affect the magnetic performance and magnetic ordering state. • It was observed that the M{sub r}/M{sub s} ratio was dominated by the interparticle dipolar interaction. - Abstract: The mono-dispersed and uniform CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles were synthesized by the thermal decomposition of Fe(acac){sub 3} and Co(acac){sub 2}. Then the CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles were diluted in amorphous SiO{sub 2} matrix with different CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles’ concentrations. All samples show the positive or negative exchange bias behavior, indicating the presence of canted spin layer at the CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanoparticles’ surface. The large effective anisotropy constant (3.38 × 10{sup 6} erg/cm{sup 3}) was observed, which can be attributed to the induced surface anisotropy by the canted surface spins. The reduced magnetization (M{sub r}/M{sub s}) was dominated by the interparticle dipolar interaction while the coercivity (H{sub c}) was determined by the synergistic effects of the surface anisotropy, interparticle dipolar interaction and interface effect. By suitably diluting CoFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} in the SiO{sub 2} matrix, the high H{sub c} (3056 Oe) and the M{sub r}/M{sub s} (0.63) can be obtained, which is larger than most of those reported before. The present work is meaningful for revealing the underlying mechanism in nano-scaled magnetic system and improving the magnetic performance.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Formation of double ring patterns on Co{sub 2}MnSi Heusler alloy thin film by anodic oxidation under scanning probe microscope

Double ring formation on Co{sub 2}MnSi (CMS) films is observed at electrical breakdown voltage during local anodic oxidation (LAO) using atomic force microscope (AFM). Corona effect and segregation of cobalt in the vicinity of the rings is studied using magnetic force microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Double ring formation is attributed to the interaction of ablated material with the induced magnetic field during LAO. Steepness of forward bias transport characteristics from the unperturbed region of the CMS film suggest a non equilibrium spin contribution. Such mesoscopic textures in magnetic films by AFM tip can be potentially used for memory storage applications.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Collective oscillations of the magnetic moments of a chain of spherical magnetic nanoparticles with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy

Magnetic particles moving freely in a fluid can organize dense phases (3D clusters or linear chains). We analyze the spectrum of magnetic oscillations of a chain of spherical magnetic particles taking into account the magnetic anisotropy of an individual particle for an arbitrary relation between the anisotropy energy and the energy of the dipole interaction of particles. For any relation between these energies, the spectrum contains three branches of collective oscillations: a high-frequency branch and a weakly split doublet of low-frequency branches. The frequency of the high-frequency branch is determined by a stronger interaction, while the frequencies of the low-frequency branches are determined by the weakest interaction. Accordingly, the dispersion is maximal for oscillations formed by the dipole-dipole interaction of particles, which have high frequencies in the case of a strong dipole interaction or low frequencies in the case of a strong anisotropy.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
NASA NTRS1986

Linearly polarized magnetic fluctuations at comet Giacobini-Zinner

The fully electromagnetic linear Vlasov dispersion equation for instabilities in a homogeneous, magnetized plasma is solved. Parameters appropriate to conditions observed during the ICE encounter with comet Giacobini-Zinner are used to study the polarization of electromagnetic instabilities driven by the relative streaming of two ion components. If the ion/ion relative drift is near the Alfven speed, the associated long-wavelength modes may be approximately linearly polarized at relatively small angles of propagation with respect to the magnetic field. The relatively inhomogeneous plasma background of the comet may impose such oblique propagation, so that this result provides an alternate explanation to the observations of linearly polarized waves near the comet.

Gary, S. Peter↗
DOE OSTI2021

Magnon-spinon dichotomy in the Kitaev hyperhoneycomb β-Li 2 IrO 3

The family of edge-sharing tricoordinated iridates and ruthenates has emerged in recent years as a major platform for Kitaev spin-liquid physics, where spins fractionalize into emergent magnetic fluxes and Majorana fermions with Dirac-like dispersions. While such exotic states are usually preempted by long-range magnetic order at low temperatures, signatures of Majorana fermions with long coherent times have been predicted to manifest at intermediate and higher energy scales, similar to the observation of spinons in quasi-one-dimensional spin chains. Here in this paper we present a resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of the magnetic excitations of the hyperhoneycomb iridate β-Li 2 IrO 3 under a magnetic field with a record-high-resolution spectrometer. At low temperatures, dispersing spin waves can be resolved around the predicted intertwined incommensurate spiral and field-induced zigzag orders, whose excitation energy reaches a maximum of 16 meV. A 2 T magnetic field softens the dispersion around Q = 0. The behavior of the spin waves under magnetic field is consistent with our semiclassical calculations for the ground state and the dynamical spin structure factor, which further predicts that the ensued intertwined uniform states remain robust up to very high fields (100 T). Most saliently, the low-energy magnonlike mode is superimposed by a broad continuum of excitations, centered around 35 meV and extending up to 100 meV. This high-energy continuum survives up to at least 300 K—well above the ordering temperature of 38 K—and gives evidence for pairs of long-lived Majorana fermions of the proximate Kitaev spin liquid.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗