A Tailored Radiation Therapy Strategy for Older Patients With Localized Bladder Cancer Not Eligible for Curative Treatment
No abstract prepared.
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Results for “NEOPLASMS”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Strategic Training in Transdisciplinary Radiation Science for the 21st Century (STARS21): 15-Year Evaluation of an Innovative Research Training Program
To evaluate the 15-year impact of a transdisciplinary research training program for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and clinical trainees focused on radiation science, entitled Strategic Training in Transdisciplinary Radiation Science for the 21st Century (STARS21) with a primary objective to build capacity in radiation research.
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Receipt of Guideline-Recommended Surveillance in a Population-Based Cohort of Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Active Surveillance
Prospective clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of active surveillance for men with localized prostate cancer but also suggested that inadequate surveillance may risk missing an opportunity for cure.
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Cosmetic Outcomes of a Phase 1 Dose Escalation Study of 5-Fraction Stereotactic Partial Breast Irradiation for Early Stage Breast Cancer
Our purpose was to evaluate cosmetic changes after 5-fraction adjuvant stereotactic partial breast irradiation (S-PBI).
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Flogging a Dead Salmon? Reduced Dose Posterior to Prostate Correlates With Increased PSA Progression in Voxel-Based Analysis of 3 Randomized Phase 3 Trials
No abstract prepared.
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The Plasma Levels and Polymorphisms of Vitronectin Predict Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients With Lung Cancer Receiving Thoracic Radiation Therapy
Our previous findings have identified vitronectin (VTN) as a potential biomarker for radiation pneumonitis (RP) through proteomics and molecular mechanism studies. In a recent study, we further explored associations of plasma level and single nucleotide polymorphisms of VTN with the risk of RP in patients with lung cancer receiving radiation therapy.
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“Standard” Fractionation for Breast Cancer is No Longer Standard
No abstract prepared.
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PI3Kαδ Inhibitor Combined With Radiation Enhances the Antitumor Immune Effect of Anti-PD1 in a Syngeneic Murine Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Model
The poor response of breast cancer to immune checkpoint blockade might result from low immunogenicity and the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. We hypothesized that in situ tumor vaccination via radiation therapy (RT) and suppression of immune tolerance via phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) inhibition would enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade.
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Reforms to the Radiation Oncology Model: Prioritizing Health Equity
No abstract prepared.
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Assessment of Radiation Oncology Nurse Education in the United States
Nurses in the radiation oncology (RO) clinic have a critical role in the management of patients receiving radiation therapy. However, limited data exist regarding the exposure of nurses to RO during training and the current educational needs of practicing RO nurses. This study assesses nurses’ prior RO education, participation in national training efforts, and perceived educational needs.
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Patient-Reported Outcomes From a Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial Exploring Optimal Sequencing of Short-Term Androgen Deprivation Therapy With Prostate Radiation Therapy in Localized Prostate Cancer
Two phase 3 randomized controlled trials (OTT-0101, RTOG-9413) and a meta-analysis have shown an impact of sequencing of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiation therapy on oncologic outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the impact of sequencing strategy on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) is unclear. Here, we present the patient-reported HR-QoL outcomes from the OTT-0101 study.
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Underascertainment of Clinically Meaningful Symptoms During Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy—Does This Vary by Patient Characteristics?
It is well known that physicians underascertain chemotherapy-related toxicity compared with patient self-report. However, symptom underascertainment in radiation therapy and characterization of patient groups at increased risk for underascertainment have not been examined.
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Circulating Lymphocyte Counts Early During Radiation Therapy Are Associated With Recurrence in Pediatric Medulloblastoma
Decreased peripheral lymphocyte counts are associated with survival after radiation therapy (RT) in several solid tumors, although they appear late during or after the radiation course and often correlate with other clinical factors. Here we investigate if absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) are independently associated with recurrence in pediatric medulloblastoma early during RT.
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Integrating Multiomics Information in Deep Learning Architectures for Joint Actuarial Outcome Prediction in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients After Radiation Therapy
Novel actuarial deep learning neural network (ADNN) architectures are proposed for joint prediction of radiation therapy outcomes—radiation pneumonitis (RP) and local control (LC)—in stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Unlike normal tissue complication probability/tumor control probability models that use dosimetric information solely, our proposed models consider complex interactions among multiomics information including positron emission tomography (PET) radiomics, cytokines, and miRNAs. Additional time-to-event information is also used in the actuarial prediction.
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A Pooled Toxicity Analysis of Moderately Hypofractionated Proton Beam Therapy and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy in Early-Stage Prostate Cancer Patients
Data comparing moderately hypofractionated intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and proton beam therapy (PBT) are lacking. We aim to compare late toxicity profiles of patients with early-stage prostate cancer treated with moderately hypofractionated PBT and IMRT.
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Clinical Natural Language Processing for Radiation Oncology: A Review and Practical Primer
Natural language processing (NLP), which aims to convert human language into expressions that can be analyzed by computers, is one of the most rapidly developing and widely used technologies in the field of artificial intelligence. Natural language processing algorithms convert unstructured free text data into structured data that can be extracted and analyzed at scale. In medicine, this unlocking of the rich, expressive data within clinical free text in electronic medical records will help untap the full potential of big data for research and clinical purposes. Recent major NLP algorithmic advances have significantly improved the performance of these algorithms, leading to a surge in academic and industry interest in developing tools to automate information extraction and phenotyping from clinical texts. Thus, these technologies are poised to transform medical research and alter clinical practices in the future. Radiation oncology stands to benefit from NLP algorithms if they are appropriately developed and deployed, as they may enable advances such as automated inclusion of radiation therapy details into cancer registries, discovery of novel insights about cancer care, and improved patient data curation and presentation at the point of care. However, challenges remain before the full value of NLP is realized, such as the plethora of jargon specific to radiation oncology, nonstandard nomenclature, a lack of publicly available labeled data for model development, and interoperability limitations between radiation oncology data silos. Successful development and implementation of high quality and high value NLP models for radiation oncology will require close collaboration between computer scientists and the radiation oncology community. Here, we present a primer on artificial intelligence algorithms in general and NLP algorithms in particular; provide guidance on how to assess the performance of such algorithms; review prior research on NLP algorithms for oncology; and describe future avenues for NLP in radiation oncology research and clinics.
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ATM Variants in Breast Cancer: Implications for Breast Radiation Therapy Treatment Recommendations
Advances in germline genetic testing have led to a surge in identification of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) variant carriers among breast cancer patients, raising numerous questions regarding use of breast radiation therapy (RT) in this population.
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Breast Conservation in Women with Autoimmune Disease: The Role of Active Autoimmune Disease and Hypofractionation on Acute and Late Toxicity in a Case-Controlled Series
Autoimmune connective tissue disease (CTD) has historically represented a relative contraindication to breast conservation (BC) among patients with early-stage breast cancer. Controversy exists regarding the use of hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) among patients with CTDs. We evaluated acute and late toxicity in patients with breast cancer and CTD treated with BC.
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