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At least 217 records · Page 12
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

A Wedge Absorber Experiment at MICE

Emittance exchange mediated by wedge absorbers is required for longitudinal ionization cooling and for final transverse emittance minimization for a muon collider. A wedge absorber within the MICE beam line could serve as a demonstration of the type of emittance exchange needed for 6-D cooling, including the configurations needed for muon colliders, as well as configurations for low-energy muon sources. Parameters for this test are explored in simulation and possible experimental configurations with simulated results are presented.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Neutrino factories

The Neutrino Factory is a facility that produces neutrino beams with a well-defined flavour content and energy spectrum from the decay of intense, high-energy, stored muon beams to establish CP violation in the neutrino sector. The International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) is providing a Reference Design Report (RDR) for the facility. The present design is optimised for the recent measurements of θ{sub 13}. The accelerator facility will deliver 10{sup 21} muon decays per year from 10 GeV stored muon beams. The straight sections of the storage ring point to a 100 kton Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND) at a distance of 2000-2500 km from the source. The accuracy in the value of δ{sub CP} that a Neutrino Factory can achieve and the δ{sub CP} coverage is unrivalled by other future facilities. Staging scenarios for the Neutrino Factory deliver facilities that can carry out physics at each stage. In the context of Fermilab, such a scenario would imply in the first stage the construction of a small storage ring, nuSTORM, to carry out neutrino cross-section and sterile neutrino measurements and to perform a programme of 6D muon cooling R&D. The second stage is the construction of a 5 GeV Neutrino Factory (nuMAX) pointing to the Sanford Underground Research Facility at Homestake and the final stage would use many of the components of this facility to construct a Muon Collider, initially as a 126 GeV CM Higgs Factory, which may be upgraded to a multi-TeV Muon Collider if required.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

The US Muon Accelerator Program (MAP)

The US Department of Energy Office of High Energy Physics has recently approved a Muon Accelerator Program (MAP). The primary goal of this effort is to deliver a Design Feasibility Study for a Muon Collider after a 7 year R and D program. This paper presents a brief physics motivation for, and the description of, a Muon Collider facility and then gives an overview of the program. I will then describe in some detail the primary components of the effort.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

The MICE Muon Beam on ISIS and the beam-line instrumentation of the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment

The international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE), which is under construction at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), will demonstrate the principle of ionization cooling as a technique for the reduction of the phase-space volume occupied by a muon beam. Ionization cooling channels are required for the Neutrino Factory and the Muon Collider. MICE will evaluate in detail the performance of a single lattice cell of the Feasibility Study 2 cooling channel. The MICE Muon Beam has been constructed at the ISIS synchrotron at RAL, and in MICE Step I, it has been characterized using the MICE beam-instrumentation system. In this paper, the MICE Muon Beam and beam-line instrumentation are described. The muon rate is presented as a function of the beam loss generated by the MICE target dipping into the ISIS proton beam. For a 1 V signal from the ISIS beam-loss monitors downstream of our target we obtain a 30 KHz instantaneous muon rate, with a neglible pion contamination in the beam.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Status of the Complete Muon Cooling Channel Design and Simulations

Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of such muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. We present the status of the design and simulation of a complete muon cooling channel that is based on the Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), which operates via continuous emittance exchange to enable the most efficient design.

Yoshikawa, C.↗
DOE OSTI2014

Magnets for Muon 6D Cooling Channels

The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), an innovative technique for six-dimensional (6D) cooling of muon beams using a continuous absorber inside superconducting magnets, has shown considerable promise based on analytic and simulation studies. The implementation of this revolutionary method of muon cooling requires high field superconducting magnets that provide superimposed solenoid, helical dipole, and helical quadrupole fields. Novel magnet design concepts are required to provide HCC magnet systems with the desired fields for 6D muon beam cooling. New designs feature simple coil configurations that produce these complex fields with the required characteristics, where new high field conductor materials are particularly advantageous. The object of the program was to develop designs and construction methods for HCC magnets and design a magnet system for a 6D muon beam cooling channel. If successful the program would develop the magnet technologies needed to create bright muon beams for many applications ranging from scientific accelerators and storage rings to beams to study material properties and new sources of energy. Examples of these applications include energy frontier muon colliders, Higgs and neutrino factories, stopping muon beams for studies of rare fundamental interactions and muon catalyzed fusion, and muon sources for cargo screening for homeland security.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2026

A Charge-Agnostic Design for 6D Muon Ionization Cooling

A muon collider presents a compelling path forward for high-energy physics, offering both energy reach and precision. The notable challenge in realizing the target luminosities for a muon collider is in the development of a sufficiently fast cooling scheme — one capable of several orders of magnitude in emittance reduction with minimal decay losses. Ionization cooling is presently considered the only scheme to fit this criterion. Traditional ionization cooling channels are characterized by a solenoid-based lattice for beam focusing and a low-Z absorbing material wherein the beam deposits energy via ionization. Dipole fields are used to generate dispersion such that higher-momentum muons pass through more absorbing material, enabling 6D cooling by leveraging emittance exchange. The problem with this approach is the charge-specificity of the dispersion function, necessitating separate channels for $\mu^+$ and $\mu^-$. Here, the Helical FOFO Snake (HFOFO) is presented as an alternative approach to 6D cooling that agnostically treats both signs of muon, enabling a single cooling channel for both.

Riggall, Caroline [Tennessee U.] (ORCID:0009000849↗
DOE OSTI2014

Design and Simulation of a Matching System into the Helical Cooling Channel

Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) is able to achieve such emittance reduction and matching sections within the HCC have been successfully designed in the past with lossless transmission and no emittance growth. However, matching into the HCC from a straight solenoid poses a challenge, since a large emittance beam must cross transition. We elucidate on the challenge and present evaluations of two solutions, along with concepts to integrate the operations of a Charge Separator and match into the HCC.

Yoshikawa, C.↗
DOE OSTI2014

Design and Simulation of a Matching System into the Helical Cooling Channel

Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) is able to achieve such emittance reduction and matching sections within the HCC have been successfully designed in the past with lossless transmission and no emittance growth. However, matching into the HCC from a straight solenoid poses a challenge, since a large emittance beam must cross transition. We elucidate on the challenge and present evaluations of two solutions, along with concepts to integrate the operations of a Charge Separator and match into the HCC.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

New physics at the Muon (Synchrotron) Ion Collider: MuSIC for several scales

A Muon (Synchrotron) Ion Collider (MuSIC) can be the successor to the Electron-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, as well as the ideal demonstrator facility for a future multi-TeV Muon Collider. Besides its rich nuclear physics and Standard Model particle physics programs, in this work we show that the MuSIC with a TeV-scale muon beam offers also a unique opportunity to probe New Physics. In particular, the relevant searches have the potential to surpass current experimental limits and explore new regimes of the parameter space for a variety of Beyond the Standard Model scenarios including: lepton-flavor violating leptoquarks, muonphilic vector boson interactions, axion-like particles coupling to photons, and heavy sterile neutrinos. Depending on the particular case, the sensitivity of the searches in the MuSIC may span a wide range of energy scales, namely from sub-GeV particles to the few TeV New Physics mediators. Our analysis demonstrates that the MuSIC can strike a powerful chord in the search for New Physics, thanks to unique combination of features that amplify its capabilities.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

WEDGE ABSORBERS FOR MUON COOLING WITH A TEST BEAM AT MICE

Emittance exchange mediated by wedge absorbers is required for longitudinal ionization cooling and for final transverse emittance minimization for a muon collider. A wedge absorber within the MICE beam line could serve as a demonstration of the type of emittance exchange needed for 6-D cooling, including the configurations needed for muon colliders. Parameters for this test are explored in simulation and possible experimental configurations with simulated results are presented.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Advanced Simulation Tools for Muon-Based Accelerators

The project developed new software tools incorporating the most accurate theoretical calculations and experimental data available for crucial and not-yet-considered physics processes specific to muon accelerators. These new tools were applied to modeling muon ionization cooling channels for a muon collider or a neutrino factory, the facilities that have the potential to discover and explore new exciting fundamental physics but require the development of demanding technologies and innovative concepts. G4beamline, COSY Infinity, and WARP computer codes are particularly well-suited for addressing muon accelerator modeling problems. G4beamline was chosen for its flexibility and modularity, and for being one of the de facto standard codes used by the muon accelerator community. COSY was selected for speed, ability to take into account high-order nonlinear effects essential for the large beams under consideration, and availability of built-in optimization tools. WARP was chosen for its space charge calculation capabilities, speed and flexibility of implementing new lattice elements such as RF cavities. This final technical report summarizes the efforts on implementing advanced new tools in these computer codes addressing the shortcomings in modeling muon physics processes and using these tools to model muon ionization cooling channels.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Electroweak observables in neutrino-electron scattering from a muon storage ring

We investigate the sensitivity of a companion neutrino detector situated in the plane of a high-energy, high-intensity muon storage ring to elastic ν μ and ν e scattering on electrons (EνES). Assuming a muon collider with center-of-mass energies of up to 10 TeV, we report sensitivity to the weak couplings g V and g A up to around 0.05% relative error, and sensitivity to the weak mixing angle in the momentum transfer Q ∈ [10 −2 , 2] GeV range up to around 0.03% relative error. EνES measurements with high-energy muon storage rings allow one to directly interrogate the momentum-transfer regime associated with the NuTeV anomaly. This level of precision allows unique sensitivity to the momentum-dependence of sin 2 θ W . We estimate that with the neutrinos from a E μ = 1.5 TeV (or higher) muon collider, the hypothesis that sin 2 θ W does not “run” can be safely ruled out.

electroweak precision physics↗
DOE OSTI2019

Design and fabrication of a 30 T superconducting solenoid using overpressure processed Bi2212 round wire

High field magnets are needed for frontier accelerator facilities and have many applications beyond high-energy physics. Of particular interest are 30-40T class (LTS/HTS hybrid) solenoids required for the final beam cooling stages of a muon collider facility. The successful design of such magnets using Bi2212 conductor depends critically on the conductor processing, stress management in the coil, and quench protection. These are the challenges addressed in the proposal and the overall objectives of the combined Phase I and Phase II projects. Bi2212 round wire conductor will be evaluated for accelerator use by concentrating on the design of a solenoid magnet that will be the enabling technology for realizing the final stages of muon beam cooling and thus a high luminosity muon collider. A full mechanical characterization of a test coil made from overpressure-processed conductor with engineering current density JE in the range of & gt;600 A/mm2 at 20-30 T will be performed. The data from the test coil will serve as input to a 30+ T magnet that will be designed, built, and tested to demonstrate the suitability of overpressure-processed Bi2212 for solenoids for final muon cooling and 6D cooling channels. Short lengths and coils wound from up to 100 m length conductor will be overpressure processed. Characterization of an overpressure processed Bi2212 round-wire based solenoid will be performed at 4.2 K in a background field of up to 14 T. The characterization will include mechanical, thermal, and quench properties. The data will be used as input to a 30+ T coil design that has suitable stress management and quench protection, to be built and tested in Phase II. Commercial applications and other benefits: The technology developed by this work will benefit high-energy physics applications. The knowledge and expertise gained from this project will enable the development of very high-field solenoids, dipoles, and quadrupoles using Bi2212 cable at low temperature for applications in future particle accelerators. The technology will also extend the range available to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, an important technique used to understand molecular structures of proteins and other materials.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Thermal and Lorentz force analysis of beryllium windows for a rectilinear muon cooling channel

Reduction of the 6-dimensional phase-space of a muon beam by several orders of magnitude is a key requirement for a Muon Collider. Recently, a 12-stage rectilinear ionization cooling channel has been proposed to achieve that goal. The channel consists of a series of low frequency (325 MHz-650 MHz) normal conducting pillbox cavities, which are enclosed with thin beryllium windows (foils) to increase shunt impedance and give a higher field on-axis for a given amount of power. These windows are subject to ohmic heating from RF currents and Lorentz force from the EM field in the cavity, both of which will produce out of the plane displacements that can detune the cavity frequency. In this study, using the TEM3P code, we report on a detailed thermal and mechanical analysis for the actual Be windows used on a 325 MHz cavity in a vacuum ionization cooling rectilinear channel for a Muon Collider.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Plasma Lens in Parametric Resonance Ionization Cooling

We present a concept of a plasma lens in a parametric resonance ionization cooling (PIC) for extra cooling of muon colliders. The PIC concept has been developed to overcome most aberrations. However, parasitic non-linear aberrations which is induced in an ionization cooling material still reduce a dynamic aperture of the PIC. The plasma lens generates an azimuthally symmetric focusing field in gas-filled RF cavities that is several orders of magnitude stronger than the conventional superconducting magnets. It allows for reduction of the beam size at the beam expansion points. This reduces the size of the aberrations and therefore greatly simplifies their compensation.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Thermal and Lorentz Force Analysis of Beryllium Windows for the Rectilinear Muon Cooling Channel

Reduction of the 6-dimensional phase-space of a muon beam by several orders of magnitude is a key requirement for a Muon Collider. Recently, a 12-stage rectilinear ionization cooling channel has been proposed to achieve that goal. The channel consists of a series of low frequency (325 MHz-650 MHz) normal conducting pillbox cavities, which are enclosed with thin beryllium windows (foils) to increase shunt impedance and give a higher field on-axis for a given amount of power. These windows are subject to ohmic heating from RF currents and Lorentz force from the EM field in the cavity, both of which will produce out of the plane displacements that can detune the cavity frequency. In this study, using the TEM3P code, we report on a detailed thermal and mechanical analysis for the actual Be windows used on a 325 MHz cavity in a vacuum ionization cooling rectilinear channel for a Muon Collider.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2011

A 200 MHz 35 MW Multiple Beam Klystron for Accelerator Applications Final Report

Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. (CCR) performed initial development of a compact and reliable 35 MW, multiple beam klystron (MBK) at 200 MHz with a pulse length of 0.125 ms and a 30 Hz repetition rate. The device was targeted for acceleration and ionization cooling of a muon collider, but there are several other potential applications in this frequency range. The klystron uses multiple beams propagating in individual beam tunnels to reduce space charge and allow reduction in the accelerating voltage. This allows a significant reduction in length over a single beam source. More importantly this allows more efficient and less expensive power supplies. At 200 MHz, the interaction circuit for a single beam klystron would be more than six meters long to obtain 50% efficiency and 50 dB gain. This would require a beam voltage of approximately 400 kV and current of 251 A for a microperveance of 1.0. For an eight beam MBK with the same beam perveance, a three meter long interaction circuit achieves the same power and gain. Each beam operates at 142 kV and 70A. The Phase I demonstrated that this device could be fabricated with funding available in a Phase II program and could achieve the program specifications.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗