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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 217 records · Page 12
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2010

Two-Photon and Two-gluon Decays of 0{sup ++} and 2{sup ++} P-wave Heavy Quarkonium States

By neglecting the relative quark momenta in the propagator term, the two-photon and two-gluon decay amplitude of heavy quarkonia states can be written as a local heavy quark field operator matrix element which could be obtained from other processes or computed with QCD sum rules technique or lattice simulation, as shown in a recent work on {eta}{sub c,b} two-photon decays. In this talk, I would like to discuss a similar calculation on P-wave {chi}{sub c0,2} and {chi}{sub b0,2} two-photon decays. We show that the effective Lagrangian for the two-photon decays of the P-wave {eta}{sub c0,2} and {chi}{sub b0,2} is given by the heavy quark energy-momentum tensor local operator and its trace, the QQ scalar density. A simple expression for {chi}c0 two-photon and two-gluon decay rate in terms of the f{sub {chi}c0} decay constant, similar to that of {eta}{sub c} is obtained. From the existing QCD sum rules value for f{sub {chi}c0,} we get 5 keV for the {chi}{sub c0} two-photon width, somewhat larger than measurement.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

QCD sum rule calculation of quark-gluon three-body components in the B-meson wave function

We discuss the QCD sum rule calculation of the heavy-quark effective theory parameters {lambda}{sub E} and {lambda}{sub H}, which represent quark-gluon three-body components in the B-meson wave function. We update the sum rules for {lambda}{sub E,H} calculating the new higher-order contributions to the operator product expansion for the corresponding correlator, i.e., the order {alpha}{sub s} radiative corrections to the Wilson coefficients associated with the dimension-5 quark-gluon mixed condensate, and the power corrections due to the dimension-6 vacuum condensates. We find that the new radiative corrections significantly improve stability of the corresponding Borel sum rules, modifying the values of {lambda}{sub E,H}.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Viscous quark-gluon plasma model through fluid QCD approach

A Lagrangian density for viscous quark-gluon plasma has been constructed within the fluid-like QCD framework. Gauge symmetry is preserved for all terms inside the Lagrangian, except for the viscous term. The transition mechanism from point particle field to fluid field, and vice versa, are discussed. The energy momentum tensor that is relevant to the gluonic plasma having the nature of fluid bulk of gluon sea is derived within the model. By imposing conservation law in the energy momentum tensor, shear viscosity appears as extractable from the equation.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Searching for gluon number fluctuations effects in eA collisions

We propose to investigate the gluon number fluctuations effects in deep inelastic electron-ion scattering at high energies. We estimate the nuclear structure function F{sub 2}{sup A}(x,Q{sup 2}), as well the longitudinal and charm contributions, using a generalization for nuclear targets of the Golec-Biernat-Wusthoff (GBW) model which describes the electron proton HERA data. Here we consider that the nucleus at high energies acts as an amplifier of the physics of high parton densities. For a first investigation we study the scattering with Ca and Pb nuclei. Our preliminary results predict that the effects of gluon number fluctuations are small in the region of the future electron ion collider.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Phenomenology of renormalons and the OPE from lattice regularization: The gluon condensate and the heavy quark pole mass

We study the operator product expansion of the plaquette (gluon condensate) and the self-energy of an infinitely heavy quark. We first compute their perturbative expansions to order α{sup 35} and α{sup 20}, respectively, in the lattice scheme. In both cases we reach the asymptotic regime where the renormalon behavior sets in. Subtracting the perturbative series, we obtain the leading non-perturbative corrections of their respective operator product expansions. In the first case we obtain the gluon condensate and in the second the binding energy of the heavy quark in the infinite mass limit. The results are fully consistent with the expectations from renormalons and the operator product expansion.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2025

New state of matter between the hadronic phase and the quark-gluon plasma?

Lattice-quantum chromodynamics (QCD) simulations and theoretical arguments hint at the existence of an intermediate phase of strongly interacting matter between a confined hadron gas and a deconfined quark-gluon plasma (QGP). We qualitatively and semiquantitatively explore and differentiate the phase structures in the temperature window from the QCD pseudocritical temperature 𝑇 c ≃ 160 MeV to the pure gluonic deconfinement temperature 𝑇 d ≃ 285 MeV. We propose a three-regime picture using a hadron resonance gas description augmented with the exponential spectrum of strings, corresponding to highly excited mesons and glueballs, based on the analysis of a large number 𝑁 c of colors. We estimate the entropy density from our model to confirm that the lattice-QCD data are bracketed with three regimes, i.e., a hadron gas, a QGP, and a new phase for 𝑇 c ≲ 𝑇 ≲ 𝑇 d . In this new phase, which we name a spaghetti of quarks with glueballs (SQGBs), thermal degrees of freedom of quarks are liberated, yet gluons remain confined in glueballs. Since the Hagedorn temperature 𝑇 H ∼ 285 MeV is universal in the meson and the glueball sectors, in the infinite-𝑁 c limit, the phase diagram in the plane of the baryon chemical potential and the temperature is reduced to one with the confined and deconfined phases and quarkyonic matter at high density. At large but finite 𝑁 c , an SQGB window may open between these phases. We point out that the SQGB has interesting similarities with quarkyonic matter and that this matter in the large-𝑁 c limit is confined as measured by the interaction between heavy quarks, but behaves in other respects like a quasifree gas of quarks. As a result of the extrapolation to 𝑁 c = 3, we present a revised phase diagram with the SQGB phase bounded by thermal crossovers. Finally, we give a quantitative analysis of chiral-symmetry restoration in the SQGB phase.

Color confinement↗
DOE OSTI2011

Evolution of collectivity as a signal of quark gluon plasma formation in heavy ion collisions

A measurement for studying the mass dependence of dilepton interferometry in relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments as a tool to characterize the quark gluon phase is proposed. In calculations involving dileptons, we show that the mass dependence of radii extracted from the virtual photon (dilepton) interferometry provide access to the development of collective flow with time. It is argued that the nonmonotonic variation of Hanbury Brown-Twiss radii with invariant mass of the lepton pairs signals the formation of quark gluon plasma in heavy ion collisions. Our proposal of experimentally measuring the ratio, R{sub out}/R{sub side} for dileptons can be used to estimate the average lifetimes of the partonic as well as the hadronic phases.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Generalized gluon distribution for quarkonium dynamics in strongly coupled N = 4 Yang-Mills theory

We study the generalized gluon distribution that governs the dynamics of quarkonium inside a non-Abelian thermal plasma characterizing its dissociation and recombination rates. This gluon distribution can be written in terms of a correlation function of two chromoelectric fields connected by an adjoint Wilson line. We formulate and calculate this object in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling using the AdS/CFT correspondence, allowing for a nonzero center-of-mass velocity v of the heavy quark pair relative to the medium. The effect of a moving medium on the dynamics of the heavy quark pair is described by the simple substitution T → γ T in agreement with previous calculations of other observables at strong coupling, where T is the temperature of the plasma in its rest frame, and γ = ( 1 − v 2 ) − 1 / 2 is the Lorentz boost factor. Such a velocity dependence can be important when the quarkonium momentum is larger than its mass. Contrary to general expectations for open quantum systems weakly coupled with large thermal environments, the contributions to the transition rates that are usually thought of as the leading ones in Markovian descriptions vanish in this strongly coupled plasma. This calls for new theoretical developments to assess the effects of strongly coupled non-Abelian plasmas on in-medium quarkonium dynamics. Finally, we compare our results with those from weakly coupled QCD, and find that the QCD result moves toward the N = 4 strongly coupled result as the coupling constant is increased within the regime of applicability of perturbation theory. This behavior makes it even more pressing to develop a non-Markovian description of quarkonium in-medium dynamics. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2010

Soft gluon multiplicity distribution revisited

In this paper the soft gluon radiation from the partonic interaction of the type 2{yields}2+gluon has been revisited and a correction term to the widely used Gunion-Bertsch formula is obtained.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2010

Gluon saturation and inclusive production at low transverse momenta

In this paper we suggest the generalization of k{sub T} factorization formula for inclusive gluon production for the dense-dense parton system scattering. It turns out that the soft gluon production with transverse momentum p{sub T} is suppressed by an additional Sudakov-like factor that depends on the p{sub T}{sup 2}/Q{sub s}{sup 2} ratio in good agreement with the first numerical calculation in the color glass condensate approach by J. P. Blaizot, T. Lappi, and Y. Mehtar-Tan.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Gluon condensation and scaling exponents for the propagators in Yang-Mills theory

We investigate the infrared (strong-coupling) regime of SU(N)-Yang-Mills theory on a self-dual background. We present an evaluation of the full effective potential for the field-strength invariant F{sub {mu}{nu}F}{sup {mu}{nu}} from nonperturbative gauge correlation functions and find a nontrivial minimum corresponding to the existence of a dimension four gluon condensate in the vacuum. We also relate the infrared asymptotic form of the {beta} function of the running background-gauge coupling to the asymptotic behavior of Landau-gauge gluon and ghost propagators. Consistency between both gauges in the infrared imposes a new upper bound on the infrared exponents of the propagators. For the scaling solution, this bound reads {kappa}{sub c}<23/38 which, together with Zwanziger's horizon condition {kappa}{sub c}>1/2, defines a rather narrow window for this critical exponent. Current estimates from functional methods indeed satisfy these bounds.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Higgs Boson Production via Gluon Fusion in the Standard Model with four Generations

Higgs bosons can be produced copiously at the LHC via gluon fusion induced by top and bottom quark loops, and can be enhanced strongly if extra heavy quarks exist. We present results for Higgs+zero-, one- and two-jet production at the LHC operating at 7 and 14 TeV collision energy, in both the standard model and the 4th generation model, by evaluating the corresponding heavy quark triangle, box, and pentagon Feynman diagrams. We compare the results by using the effective Higgs-gluon interactions in the limit of heavy quarks with the cross sections including the full mass dependences. NLO effects on Higgs+zero-jet production rate with full mass dependence are presented for the first time consistently in the 4th generation model. Our results improve the theoretical basis for fourth generation effects on the Higgs boson search at the LHC.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Gluon saturation and energy dependence of hadron multiplicity in pp and AA collisions at the LHC

The recent results in {radical}(s)=2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) reported by the ALICE collaboration shows that the power-law energy-dependence of charged hadron multiplicity in Pb+Pb collisions is significantly different from p+p collisions. We show that this different energy-dependence can be explained by inclusion of a strong angular-ordering in the gluon-decay cascade within the color glass condensate (or gluon saturation) approach. This effect is more important in nucleus-nucleus collisions where the saturation scale is larger than 1 GeV. Our prescription gives a good description of the LHC data both in p+p and Pb+Pb collisions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

SU(2) lattice gluon propagators at finite temperatures in the deep infrared region and Gribov copy effects

We study numerically the SU(2) Landau gauge transverse and longitudinal gluon propagators at nonzero temperatures T both in confinement and deconfinement phases. Special attention is paid to the Gribov copy effects in the IR region. Applying a powerful gauge fixing algorithm, we find that the Gribov copy effects for the transverse propagator D{sub T}(p) are very strong in the infrared, while the longitudinal propagator D{sub L}(p) shows very weak (if any) Gribov copy dependence. The value D{sub T}(0) tends to decrease with growing lattice size; however, D{sub T}(0) is nonzero in the infinite volume limit, in disagreement with the suggestion made in [I. Zahed and D. Zwanziger, Phys. Rev. D 61, 037501 (2000).]. We show that in the infrared region, D{sub T}(p) is not consistent with the pole-type formula not only in the deconfinement phase but also for T<T{sub c}. We introduce a new definition of the magnetic infrared mass scale ('magnetic screening mass') m{sub M}. The electric mass m{sub E} has been determined from the momentum space longitudinal gluon propagator. We study also the (finite) volume and temperature dependence of the propagators as well as discretization errors.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Eikonal spin-dependent odderon and gluon Sivers function of a proton and its small-𝑥 evolution

The matrix element in the proton of the eikonal Odderon operator, with a helicity flip, has been shown to correspond to the dipole gluon Sivers function. We employ a three quark light-front model of the proton to determine the Sivers function at moderately small 𝑥 0 ∼ 0.1 and transverse momentum 𝑘 ⊥ ≲ 1 GeV. The model light-cone (LC) wave function predicts the properties of 𝑥⁢𝑓$^{⊥⁢𝑔}_{1⁢𝑇⁡}$(𝑥,𝑘 ⊥ ) such as its overall magnitude, the position of its peak in 𝑘 ⊥ , and its behavior at small 𝑘 ⊥ . We then compute numerically the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov anomalous dimension characterizing the power-law tail at 𝑘 ⊥ ≳ 1.5 GeV of the gluon Sivers function at small (but preasymptotic) LC momentum fractions 𝑥 ∼ 𝑥 0 ⁢𝑒 −1/𝛼 𝑠 : 𝑥⁢𝑓$^{⊥⁢𝑔}_{1⁢𝑇⁡}$⁡(𝑥,𝑘 ⊥ ) ∼ 𝑘$^{−3.3}_{⊥}$.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Equations, chromopermittivity, and instabilities of the quark-gluon medium

The high energy behavior of the quark-gluon medium described by QCD equations is considered. Within the assumptions of the linear response theory the chromopermittivity of the medium is introduced and it is argued that it exceeds 1 at TeV energies. The dispersion equations show that the proper modes of the medium reveal instability and the parton currents traversing it induce the emission of Cherenkov gluons.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Impact factor for gluon production in multi-Regge kinematics in the next-to-leading order

The one-loop correction to the impact factor for gluon production upon the transition of a one-Reggeon state in the t channel to a two-Reggeon state is found. This impact factor is an element of multiparticle amplitudes in multi-Regge kinematics. The correction in question is necessary for developing the theory of Regge and multi-Regge processes. In particular, it is necessary for proving the multi-Regge form of the amplitude in the next-to-leading-logarithm approximation. This correction also makes it possible to complete the verification of the last of the unproven bootstrap conditions for gluon Reggeization and to prove, in this approximation, the validity of the multi-Regge form of the amplitude. All necessary calculations are presented, and an explicit expression for the impact factor in front of all possible color states in the t channel is given.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Non-perturbative effects for the Quark-Gluon Plasma equation of state

The non-perturbative effects for the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) equation of state (EoS) are considered. The modifications of the bag model EoS are constructed to satisfy the main qualitative features observed for the QGP EoS in the lattice QCD calculations. A quantitative comparison with the lattice results is done for the SU(3) gluon plasma and for the QGP with dynamical quarks. Our analysis advocates a negative value of the bag constant B.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗