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Results for “FERROMAGNETIC RESONANCE”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 217 records · Page 12
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

Magnetic properties of lithium zinc ferrites synthesized by microwave sintered method

In this paper, a series of polycrystalline ferrite samples were prepared with the composition of Zn{sub 0.1}Li{sub 0.525-x}Ti{sub 0.15}Mg{sub x}Fe{sub 2.225-0.5x}O{sub 4} (LiZn) (x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) using both microwave sintering (MS) and conventional sintering (CS) technologies, respectively. The sintering time and temperature were 22 hours and 1000°C for the CS process, and 2 hours and 880°C for the MS process. Experiments showed that the MS treated LiZn ferrites exhibited more excellent magnetic properties and denser, more uniform micro-structures comparing with the ones treated by CS method. For the LiZn ferrite (x=0.1) sintered at 880°C using MS, the saturation magnetic induction (Bs) is 242.3 mT, the coercive force (Hc) is 135 A/m, the square ratio (Br/Bs) is 0.87 and the ferromagnetic resonance line-width (Δ H) is 143.2 Oe. These results represented very good properties for an X-band phase shifter material and indicated that the MS method is a potentially important technique for fabricating low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC).

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Damping constant estimation in magnetoresistive readers

The damping constant is a key design parameter in magnetic reader design. Its value can be derived from bulk or sheet film ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) line width. However, dynamics of nanodevices is usually defined by presence of non-uniform modes. It triggers new damping mechanisms and produces stronger damping than expected from traditional FMR. This work proposes a device-level technique for damping evaluation, based on time-domain analysis of thermally excited stochastic oscillations. The signal is collected using a high bandwidth oscilloscope, by direct probing of a biased reader. Recorded waveforms may contain different noise signals, but free layer FMR is usually a dominating one. The autocorrelation function is a reflection of the damped oscillation curve, averaging out stochastic contributions. The damped oscillator formula is fitted to autocorrelation data, producing resonance frequency and damping constant values. Restricting lag range allows for mitigation of the impact of other phenomena (e.g., reader instability) on the damping constant. For a micromagnetically modeled reader, the technique proves to be much more accurate than the stochastic FMR line width approach. Application to actual reader waveforms yields a damping constant of ∼0.03.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Spin dynamics in permalloy nano-ellipses for honeycomb and square lattices

We report experimental and theoretical studies of spin dynamics in lattice structures of permalloy (Ni 80 Fe 20 ) nano-ellipses, with four different types of networks including honeycomb and square lattices. The lattices are patterned at the center line of the co-planar wave guide and consist of non-contacting or contacting ellipses. Micromagnetic simulations show excellent agreement with the broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) experimental results. We find the existence of a spin-wave mode localized in the vertex region of the contacting nano-ellipse network. Our finding has important implications when designing an artificial spin ice (ASI) network for functional magnonics.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2014

Conversion of pure spin current to charge current in amorphous bismuth

Spin Hall angle and spin diffusion length in amorphous bismuth (Bi) are investigated by using conversion of a pure spin current to a charge current in a spin pumping technique. In Bi/Ni{sub 80}Fe{sub 20}/Si(100) sample, a clear direct current (DC) electromotive force due to the inverse spin Hall effect of the Bi layer is observed at room temperature under a ferromagnetic resonance condition of the Ni{sub 80}Fe{sub 20} layer. From the Bi thickness dependence of the DC electromotive force, the spin Hall angle and the spin diffusion length of the amorphous Bi film are estimated to be 0.02 and 8 nm, respectively.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2019

Exploring possible ferromagnetism of the LaAl O 3 / SrTi O 3 interface

We report on extensive investigations of magnetism at the n -type LaAl O 3 / SrTi O 3 interface performed by utilizing a spectrum of local and integrative analytical techniques: Scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy, polar Kerr magnetometry, ferromagnetic resonance, and magnetic torque magnetometry. The samples originated from the same wafers. For nominally fully oxidized samples, we find that the mere presence of the conducting interface does not induce magnetism to values exceeding already present magnetic signals originating from the substrates, irrespective of the measurement technique. With the controlled introduction of oxygen vacancies, however, the different analytical techniques with their inherently different sensitivities and potential interactions with possible magnetic moments in the samples yield different results concerning the existence of magnetism. These unexpected differences obtained with the various measurement techniques are a possible source of the disagreement in the literature about the existence of ferromagnetism at LaAl O 3 / SrTi O 3 interfaces.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Frequency and field dependent dynamic properties of CoFe{sub 2−x}Al{sub x}O{sub 4} ferrite nanoparticles

Highlights: “CoFe{sub 2−x} Al{sub x}O{sub 4} ferrite nanoparticles: Static and dynamic properties” • Grain size reduction with Al{sup 3+} content. • Reduction in Ms, Hc, with increasing Al{sup 3+} content. • Increase in resonance frequency with applied field. • Decrease in resonance field with increase in Al{sup 3+} content. • Decrease in Gilbert parameter with increase in Al{sup 3+} content. - Abstract: Aluminum doped CoFe{sub 2−x}Al{sub x}O{sub 4} (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.9) nanoparticles were synthesized via auto-combustion. Formation of single phase cubic spinel structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. XRD analysis suggests a linear decrease in lattice cell parameters and grain size (90–55 nm) with the increase in Al{sup 3+} content. The saturation magnetization of samples decrease with increasing Al{sup 3+} content due to magnetic dilution effect. A concomitant linear reduction in coercivity was also observed mainly due to decrease in magnetic anisotropy. Frequency and field dependent dynamic properties of nanoparticles were studied by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) technique. The resonance frequency increases linearly with magnetic field for all nanoparticles. Magnetic field dependent experimental absorption data (S{sub 21} vs. frequency) were compared with effective medium theory considering an effective demagnetization field and was observed to be in good agreement with each other. High Al{sup 3+} content reduces the Gilbert damping parameter thus making CoFe{sub 2−x}Al{sub x}O{sub 4} as an attractive material for high frequency applications.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Interface effects of the magnetic properties in Nd/Ni{sub 80}Fe{sub 20} bilayer films

The magnetic properties of Nd/Ni{sub 80}Fe{sub 20} (Py) bilayer films with different layer thicknesses were investigated. Hysteresis loops were measured at different temperatures, an exchange bias effect is found at low temperature due to the Nd/Py interface. By fitting the temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization, the Néel point of Nd layer is obtained. Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) experiments were carried out at room temperature as a function of Nd layer thickness. The damping parameter obtained by theoretical fitting of the FMR linewidth shows an increasing trend with increasing Nd layer thickness, which is taken as an indication of the spin pumping effect.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Intrinsic Gilbert damping constant in epitaxial Co{sub 2}Fe{sub 0.4}Mn{sub 0.6}Si Heusler alloys films

The (001)-oriented and (110)-oriented epitaxial grown Co{sub 2}Fe{sub 0.4}Mn{sub 0.6}Si films were fabricated by magnetron sputtering technique in order to investigate the annealing temperature dependence of the intrinsic Gilbert damping constant (α). The stuck films, deposited on MgO and Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} a-plane substrates, respectively, were annealed at various temperatures ranging from 400 °C to 550 °C. The X-ray diffraction analysis was conducted to confirm that all the films were epitaxially grown. In addition, the ferromagnetic resonance measurements as well as the vibrating sample magnetometer were carried out to determine their magnetic properties. A small α of 0.004 was recorded for the sample with 001-oriented Co{sub 2}Fe{sub 0.4}Mn{sub 0.6}Si (CFMS (001)) and 110-oriented CFMS (CFMS (110)) annealed at 450 °C.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2013

Distinguishing spin pumping from spin rectification in a Pt/Py bilayer through angle dependent line shape analysis

A pure spin current driven by spin pumping is converted to a DC voltage and detected electrically in a Py/Pt bilayer sample. This DC voltage mixes with a DC voltage produced through spin rectification. The ferromagnetic resonance line shape strongly depends on the microwave magnetic h field distribution. We have systematically studied the line shapes by changing the external magnetic field orientation in plane of a Pt/Py bilayer. A method is demonstrated which allows us to calculate the microwave h field vector distribution, and distinguish spin pumping from spin rectification.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

CoFe{sub 2}/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}/PMNPT multiferroic heterostructures by atomic layer deposition

Multiferroic materials and applications allow electric bias control of magnetism or magnetic bias control of polarization, enabling fast, compact, energy-efficient devices in RF/microwave communication systems such as filters, shifters, and antennas; electronics devices such as inductors and capacitors; and other magnetic material related applications including sensors and memories. In this manuscript, we utilize atomic layer deposition technology to grow magnetic CoFe metallic thin films onto PMNPT, with a ∼110 Oe electric field induced ferromagnetic resonance field shift in the CoFe/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}/PMNPT multiferroic heterostructure. Our work demonstrates an atomic layer deposition fabricated multiferroic heterostructure with significant tunability and shows that the unique thin film growth mechanism will benefit integrated multiferroic application in near future.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Thin yttrium iron garnet films grown by pulsed laser deposition: Crystal structure, static, and dynamic magnetic properties

Pulsed laser deposition has been used to grow thin (10–84 nm) epitaxial layers of Yttrium Iron Garnet Y{sub 3}Fe{sub 5}O{sub 12} (YIG) on (111)–oriented Gadolinium Gallium Garnet substrates at different growth conditions. Atomic force microscopy showed flat surface morphology both on micrometer and nanometer scales. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that the films are coherent with the substrate in the interface plane. The interplane distance in the [111] direction was found to be by 1.2% larger than expected for YIG stoichiometric pseudomorphic film indicating presence of rhombohedral distortion in this direction. Polar Kerr effect and ferromagnetic resonance measurements showed existence of additional magnetic anisotropy, which adds to the demagnetizing field to keep magnetization vector in the film plane. The origin of the magnetic anisotropy is related to the strain in YIG films observed by XRD. Magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements revealed important role of magnetization rotation during magnetization reversal. An unusual fine structure of microwave magnetic resonance spectra has been observed in the film grown at reduced (0.5 mTorr) oxygen pressure. Surface spin wave propagation has been demonstrated in the in-plane magnetized films.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

All electrical propagating spin wave spectroscopy with broadband wavevector capability

We developed an all electrical experiment to perform the broadband phase-resolved spectroscopy of propagating spin waves in micrometer sized thin magnetic stripes. The magnetostatic surface spin waves are excited and detected by scaled down to 125 nm wide inductive antennas, which award ultra broadband wavevector capability. The wavevector selection can be done by applying an excitation frequency above the ferromagnetic resonance. Wavevector demultiplexing is done at the spin wave detector thanks to the rotation of the spin wave phase upon propagation. A simple model accounts for the main features of the apparatus transfer functions. Our approach opens an avenue for the all electrical study of wavevector-dependent spin wave properties including dispersion spectra or non-reciprocal propagation.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2018

Influence of MgO Barrier Quality on Spin-Transfer Torque in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

Here, we studied the bias dependence of spin transfer torque in the MgO-based magnetic tunnel junction using a field-modulated spin torque ferromagnetic resonance measurement technique for three devices with tunneling magnetoresistances (MRs) of 60%, 67%, and 73%, respectively. The devices with a lower MR ratio showed the presence of multiple modes, while the device with higher MR (73%) showed a single resonance mode. We found a lower out-of-plane torkance in our devices compared to the in-plane torkance. The out-of-plane torque is linear with applied bias, while the bias dependence of in-plane torque shows a strong dependence on the MR ratio and hence the barrier quality.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2014

High quality Y-type hexaferrite thick films for microwave applications by an economical and environmentally benign crystal growth technique

Thick barium hexaferrite Ba{sub 2}Zn{sub 2}Fe{sub 12}O{sub 22} (i.e., Zn{sub 2}Y) films having thicknesses of ∼100 μm were epitaxially grown on MgO (111) substrates using an environmentally benign ferrite-salt mixture by vaporizing the salt. X-ray diffraction pole figure analyses showed (00l) crystallographic alignment with little in plane dispersion confirming epitaxial growth. Saturation magnetization, 4πM{sub s}, was measured for as-grown films to be 2.51 ± 0.1 kG with an out of plane magnetic anisotropy field H{sub A} of 8.9 ± 0.1 kOe. Ferromagnetic resonance linewidth, as the peak-to-peak power absorption derivative at 9.6 GHz, was measured to be 62 Oe. These properties demonstrate a rapid, convenient, cost-effective, and nontoxic method of growing high quality thick crystalline ferrite films which could be used widely for microwave device applications.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Insulating nanomagnets driven by spin torque

Magnetic insulators, such as yttrium iron garnet (Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 ), are ideal materials for ultra-low power spintronics applications due to their low energy dissipation and efficient spin current generation and transmission. Recently, it has been realized that spin dynamics can be driven very effectively in micrometer-sized Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 /Pt heterostructures by spin-Hall effects. We demonstrate here the excitation and detection of spin dynamics in Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 /Pt nanowires by spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance. The nanowires defined via electron-beam lithography are fabricated by conventional room temperature sputtering deposition on Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 substrates and lift-off. We observe field-like and anti-damping-like torques acting on the magnetization precession, which are due to simultaneous excitation by Oersted fields and spin-Hall torques. The Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 /Pt nanowires are thoroughly examined over a wide frequency and power range. We observe a large change in the resonance field at high microwave powers, which is attributed to a decreasing effective magnetization due to microwave absorption. By comparing different nanowire widths, the importance of geometrical confinements for magnetization dynamics becomes evident. In conclusion, our results are the first stepping stones toward the realization of integrated magnonic logic devices based on insulators, where nanomagnets play an essential role.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

Dependence of dynamic magnetization and magneto-transport properties of FeAlSi films with oblique sputtering studied via spin rectification effect

FeAlSi (Sendust) is known to possess excellent soft magnetic properties comparable to traditional soft magnetic alloys such as NiFe (Permalloy), while having a relatively higher resistance for lower eddy current losses. However, their dynamic magnetic and magneto-transport properties are not well-studied. Via the spin rectification effect, we electrically characterize a series of obliquely sputtered FeAlSi films at ferromagnetic resonance. The variations of the anisotropy fields and damping with oblique angle are extracted and discussed. In particular, two-magnon scattering is found to dominate the damping behavior at high oblique angles. An analysis of the results shows large anomalous Hall effect and anisotropic magneto-resistance across all samples, which decreases sharply with increasing oblique incidence.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Spin wave spectra in perpendicularly magnetized permalloy rings

The dynamic behavior of perpendicularly magnetized permalloy circular rings is systematically investigated as a function of film thickness using broadband field modulated ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy. We observed the splitting of one spin wave mode into a family of dense resonance peaks for the rings, which is markedly different from the single mode observed for continuous films of the same thickness. As the excitation frequency is increased, the mode family observed for the rings gradually converges into one mode. With the increase in the film thickness, a sparser spectrum of modes is observed. Our experimental results are in qualitative agreement with the dynamic micromagnetic simulations.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Properties of (Ga,Mn)As codoped with Li

We grow Li codoped (Ga,Mn)As layers with nominal Mn composition up to 0.15 by molecular beam epitaxy. The layers before and after annealing are characterized by x-ray diffraction, transport, magnetization, and ferromagnetic resonance measurements. The codoping with Li reduces the lattice constant and electrical resistivity of (Ga,Mn)As after annealing. We find that (Ga,Mn)As:Li takes similar Curie temperature to that of (Ga,Mn)As, but with pronounced magnetic moments and in-plane magnetic anisotropy, indicating that the Li codoping has nontrivial effects on the magnetic properties of (Ga,Mn)As.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗